Cerebrolysin treatment improved short-term memory deficits while simultaneously increasing hippocampal spine density in hypertensive female rats.

Hypertension, if untreated, can disrupt the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) and reduce cerebral flow in the central nervous system (CNS) inducing hippocampal atrophy, potentially leading to cognitive deficits and vascular dementia. Spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) demonstrated neuroplastic alterations in the hippocampus, hyperlocomotion and memory deficits in males. Cerebrolysin (CBL), a neuropeptide preparation, induces synaptic and neuronal plasticity in various populations of neurons and repairs the integrity of the BBB.

Differential Effects of Neonatal Ventral Hippocampus Lesion on Behavior and Corticolimbic Plasticity in Wistar-Kyoto and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.

Dysfunction of the corticolimbic system, particularly at the dendritic spine level, is a recognized core mechanism in neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia. Neonatal ventral hippocampus lesion (NVHL) in Sprague-Dawley rats induces both a schizophrenia-related behavioral phenotype and dendritic spine pathology (reduced total number and mature spines) in corticolimbic areas, which is mitigated by antipsychotics. However, there is limited information on the impact of rat strain on NVHL outcomes and antipsychotic effects.

Effect of selective dopamine D and D receptor agonists on trunk pulmonary artery vascular reactivity from control and monocrotaline-treated rats.

Dopamine D1-like and D2-like receptors are expressed in the pulmonary arteries, however there is a little information about their effect on vascular tone in pulmonary circulation, even the vascular effect of activation of the dopamine D and D subtypes in physiological and pathological conditions such as pulmonary hypertension is unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vascular response of trunk pulmonary artery rings from saline and monocrotaline-treated rats in the presence of selective dopamine receptor agonists. In trunk pulmonary artery rings with intact and denuded endothelium, cumulative concentration-response curves were performed for phenylephrine, acetylcholine, and dopamine receptor agonists (apomorphine-D2-like, SKF38393-D, quinpirole-D/D, 7-OH-DPATD, and PD168077-D) alone and in the presence of corresponding selective dopamine receptor antagonists (SCH23390-D, raclopride-D/D, U99194 maleate-D, and L-745,870-D).

A novel Golgi-Cox staining method for detecting and characterizing roles of the hepatic stellate cells in liver injury.

The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of the Golgi-Cox method to characterize the distribution and morphological changes of the hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in CCl liver damaged rats. Six-week-old male Wistar rats were injected with CCl for ten weeks. The livers were processed with the Golgi-Cox method, reticuline, and Massońs Trichrome stains, and analyzed under light microscopy.

Dendritic morphology on neurons from prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and nucleus accumbens is altered in adult male mice exposed to repeated low dose of malathion.

Malathion is a highly neurotoxic pesticide widely used in daily life. Acute and chronic toxicity from this organophosphorus compound may cause damage to health, especially to the central nervous system. In the present work, we show the effects of chronic exposure of malathion on dendritic morphology of neurons from prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus, and nucleus accumbens (NAcc) in adult male mice.

Alteration in dendritic morphology of cortical neurons in rats with diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin.

The animal model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus is used to study the changes produced by an increase in glucemia. The morphology of the pyramidal neurons of the prefrontal cortex, occipital cortex, and hippocampus was investigated in rats. The level of glucose in the blood was evaluated at 2 months, and the animals that exhibited more than 200 mg/dL were used.