A cross-sectional safety evaluation approach using generalized extreme value models: A case of right-turn safety treatment.

There has been an increase in the use of the extreme value theory (EVT) approach for conflict-based crash risk estimation and its application such as conducting the evaluation of safety countermeasures. This study proposes a cross-sectional approach for evaluating the effectiveness of a right-turn safety treatment using a conflict-based EVT approach. This approach combines traffic conflicts of different sites at the same period and develops the generalized extreme value (GEV) models.

Identification and validation of KIF20A for predicting prognosis and treatment outcomes in patients with breast cancer.

Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women globally. It is imperative to explore novel biomarkers to predict breast cancer treatment response as well as progression. Here, we collected six breast cancer samples and paired normal tissues for high-throughput sequencing.

A drug-drug co-amorphous system for highly improved solubility of breviscapine: an experimental and computational study.

Drug-drug co-amorphous systems are a promising approach to improve the aqueous solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs. This study explores the combination of breviscapine (BRE) and matrine (MAT) form an amorphous salt, aiming to synergistically enhance the solubility and dissolution of BRE. In silico analysis of electrostatic potential and local ionization energy were conducted on BRE-MAT complex to predict the intermolecular interactions, and solvent-free energies were calculated using thermodynamic integration and density functional theory.

Genome-wide analysis of alternative splicing differences in hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury.

Alternative splicing (AS) contributes to transcript and protein diversity, affecting their structure and function. However, the specific transcriptional regulatory mechanisms underlying AS in the context of hepatic ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury in mice have not been extensively characterized. In this study, we investigated differentially alternatively spliced (DAS) genes and differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) in a mouse model of hepatic IR injury using the high throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis and replicate multivariate analysis of transcript splicing (rMATS) analysis.

Effects of vegetation restoration on soil aggregate characteristics and soil erodibility at gully head in Loess hilly and gully region.

Vegetation restoration can be effective in containing gully head advance. However, the effect of vegetation restoration type on soil aggregate stability and erosion resistance at the head of the gully is unclear. In this study, five types of vegetation restoration-Pinus tabulaeformis (PT), Prunus sibirica (PS), Caragana korshinskii (CKS), Hippophae rhamnoides (HR), and natural grassland (NG, the dominant species is Leymus chinensis)-in the gully head were studied.

The performance of a novel diagnostic criteria for neurosyphilis in HIV-negative patients.

Diagnosing neurosyphilis in clinical settings poses significant challenges due to the absence of highly efficient diagnostic criteria. Our objective was to enhance the existing diagnostic criteria and assess their sensitivity and specificity for identifying neurosyphilis in HIV-negative patients. We conducted a retrospective review of patient records from a cross-sectional study carried out between December 2019 and May 2023.

Lonicera caerulea genome reveals molecular mechanisms of freezing tolerance and anthocyanin biosynthesis.

Introduction: Lonicera caerulea L. (blue honeysuckle) is a noteworthy fleshy-fruited tree and a prominent medicinal plant, which possesses notable characteristics such as exceptional resilience to winter conditions and early maturation, and the richest source of functional anthocyanins, particularly cyanidin-3-glucoside. The molecular mechanisms responsible for its freezing tolerance and anthocyanin biosynthesis remain largely unknown.

Important ecophysiological roles of Nocardiopsis in lignocellulose degradation during aerobic compost with humic acid addition.

Improving lignocellulose degradation and organic matter conversion in agricultural and livestock wastes remains a great challenge. Here, the contribution of humic acid (HA) to lignocellulose degradation was investigated, focusing on the abundance of key microbial species and carbohydrate-active enzymes during aerobic composting. The results demonstrated that the addition of HA not only increased the complexity of the microbial network, but also enhanced the positive interaction between microorganism.

Acute muscle loss in elderly hospitalized patients: Risk factors and adverse clinical outcomes.

Objective: To assess muscle loss via ultrasound in the elderly and its link to clinical outcomes and risk factors.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study assessed muscle loss in hospitalized elderly via ultrasound, comparing bilateral anterior thigh thickness (BATT) at admission and after seven days, exploring its relation to hospital-acquired complications (HACs).

Results: In 86 patients (mean age 83.

BMP2 is required for granulosa cell proliferation and primordial follicle activation in chicken.

During ovary development, the dormant primordial follicles (PF) are stimulated and begin to develop into primary follicles (PrF), a process called follicle activation. Only activated follicles can continue to grow and release the eggs in the future, making the female animal fertile. The molecular events during PF activation are not fully understood.

Distinct microbes, metabolites, and the host genome define the multi-omics profiles in right-sided and left-sided colon cancer.

Background: Studies have reported clinical heterogeneity between right-sided colon cancer (RCC) and left-sided colon cancer (LCC). However, none of these studies used multi-omics analysis combining genetic regulation, microbiota, and metabolites to explain the site-specific difference.

Methods: Here, 494 participants from a 16S rRNA gene sequencing cohort (50 RCC, 114 LCC, and 100 healthy controls) and a multi-omics cohort (63 RCC, 79 LCC, and 88 healthy controls) were analyzed.

Lack of association of the PLD4 SNP rs2841277 with systemic sclerosis in a European American population.

This study aimed to examine whether a reported SSc-associated SNP rs2841277 in the PLD4 gene identified in an Asian population was also associated with SSc in European American (EA). The EA cohort consisting of 1005 SSc patients and 961 healthy controls was examined in this study. TaqMan genotyping assays were performed to examine the SNP.

Development of a Nano-toughened multifunctional composite hydrogel based on chitosan and its applications in catalytic and flexible sensors.

In this study, we developed a novel composite catalytic hydrogel, which integrates excellent mechanical properties, catalytic activity, and sensing performance. Discarded hydrogel sensors are reused as templates for in-situ generation of metal nanoparticles, and multifunctional hydrogels combining sensing and catalysis are realized. Polyacrylamide (PAM) provides a three-dimensional network structure, while octadecyl methacrylate (SMA) acts as a hydrophobic association center, enhancing the structural stability of the hydrogel.

Similarities and differences in physiological adaptation to cadmium interactions with nitrogen levels between two aquatic iris life forms in urban wetlands.

Plants play a key role in the ecological restoration of urban wetlands. Previous studies have shown that heavy-metal accumulation capacities and adaptation strategies of wetland plants may be related to their life forms. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen (N) on the adaptation strategies of two evergreen and deciduous aquatic iris life forms under cadmium (Cd) stress.

Phytochemical investigation of Jie-Geng-Tang and regulatory role in the TNF-α pathway in mitigating pulmonary fibrosis using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS.

Jie-Geng-Tang (JGT), composed of Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for its potential effects in preventing pulmonary fibrosis (PF).

Prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third-leading cause of disability in the world. The skeletal muscles play a key role in disability following stroke. Although many studies have reported the prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in patients with stroke, the results have not been synthesized.

A PDA@ZIF-8-Incorporated PMIA TFN-FO Membrane for Seawater Desalination: Improving Water Flux and Anti-Fouling Performance.

Forward osmosis (FO) technology, known for its minimal energy requirements, excellent resistance to fouling, and significant commercial potential, shows enormous promise in the development of sustainable technologies, especially with regard to seawater desalination and wastewater. In this study, we improved the performance of the FO membrane in terms of its mechanical strength and hydrophilic properties. Generally, the water flux () of polyisophenylbenzamide (PMIA) thin-film composite (TFC)-FO membranes is still inadequate for industrial applications.

Enhanced Antibody Response to the Conformational Non-RBD Region DNA Prime-Protein Boost Elicits Broad Cross-Neutralization Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants.

Preventing immune escape of SARS-CoV-2 variants is crucial in vaccine development to ensure broad protection against the virus. Conformational epitopes beyond the RBD region are vital components of the spike protein but have received limited attention in the development of broadly protective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. In this study, we used a DNA prime-protein boost regimen to evaluate the broad cross-neutralization potential of immune response targeting conformational non-RBD region against SARS-CoV-2 viruses in mice.

Construction of Candida albicans pRB895-SAP2-SC5314 With SAP2 High Expression and Its Effects on Adhesion.

Background: SAP2 is closely associated with the pathogenicity and drug resistance of Candida albicans (C. albicans). Our study aimed to construct C.

Replication kinetics, pathogenicity and virus-induced cellular responses of cattle-origin influenza A(H5N1) isolates from Texas, United States.

The host range of HPAIV H5N1 was recently expanded to include ruminants, particularly dairy cattle in the United States (US). Shortly after, human H5N1 infection was reported in a dairy worker in Texas following exposure to infected cattle. Herein, we rescued the cattle-origin influenza A/bovine/Texas/24-029328-02/2024(H5N1, rHPbTX) and A/Texas/37/2024(H5N1, rHPhTX) viruses, identified in dairy cattle and human, respectively, and their low pathogenic forms, rLPbTX and rLPhTX, with monobasic HA cleavage sites.

[Burial, source characteristics and influencing factors of organic carbon in mangrove sediments at the mouth of the Oujiang River Estuary, China].

Mangrove forests are crucial coastal "blue carbon" ecosystems, known for their significant carbon sequestration capabilities to "carbon neutrality" and mitigating global climate change. We used Pb radioisotope dating to analyze sedimentation rates in the sediments of the Oujiang River Estuary mangrove forest, to calculate organic carbon burial rate, and to assess the characteristics and sources of organic carbon burial. The results showed that the average total organic carbon content in the sediments was 1.

Determining the Optimal Age for Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass Surgery: A Post Hoc Analysis of the CMOSS Randomized Trial.

Background: Previous trials have failed to demonstrate the benefits of extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgery for patients with carotid or middle cerebral artery occlusion. However, little evidence has focused on the effect of age on prognosis. This study aimed to explore whether EC-IC bypass surgery can provide greater benefits than medical therapy alone in specific age groups.