Systemic tumor regression with synergy therapy: radiotherapy and CAR-T.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most poorly prognostic digestive tract malignancies. CLDN18.2 CAR-T therapy has recently shown promising clinical effects in PDAC.

Electromagnetic Navigation Improves Accuracy and Reduces Complications of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts in Patients with Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: A Single-Center Clinical Experience.

Background: Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgery is the primary treatment for patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). This study compared the outcomes of VP shunt placement using electromagnetic (EM) navigation versus standard methods in patients with iNPH, focusing on catheter accuracy and postoperative complication rates.

Methods: This retrospective study included 31 patients with iNPH who underwent standard shunt placement using anatomical landmarks and 50 patients who underwent EM-guided shunt placement.

Improving PM and PM predictions in China from WRF_Chem through a deep learning method: Multiscale depth-separable UNet.

Accurate predictions of atmospheric particulate matter can be applied in providing services for air pollution prevention and control. However, the forecasting accuracy of traditional air quality models is limited owing to model uncertainties. In this study, we developed a deep learning model, named multiscale depth-separable UNet (MDS-UNet), to improve PM and PM concentration forecasts from WRF_Chem over China.

Dual impacts of serine/glycine-free diet in enhancing antitumor immunity and promoting evasion via PD-L1 lactylation.

The effect of the serine/glycine-free diet (-SG diet) on colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear; meanwhile, programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors are less effective for most CRC patients. Here, we demonstrate that the -SG diet inhibits CRC growth and promotes the accumulation of cytotoxic T cells to enhance antitumor immunity. Additionally, we also identified the lactylation of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in tumor cells as a mechanism of immune evasion during cytotoxic T cell-mediated antitumor responses, and blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway is able to rejuvenate the function of CD8+ T cells recruited by the -SG diet, indicating the potential of combining the -SG diet with immunotherapy.

Dose-response relationship between the age at diagnosis of cardiovascular metabolic multimorbidity and cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults in China.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to explore the dose-response relationship between the age at diagnosis of cardiovascular metabolic multimorbidity and cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults in China.

Methods: This is a secondary study using the China Health Retirement Longitudinal Study 2018(CHARLS 2018). The study included 1338 middle-aged and older adults.

Coulomb Explosion Imaging of Complex Molecules Using Highly Charged Ions.

Rapidly stripping off multiple electrons from the target and triggering complete fragmentation with each constituent atom being charged up are ideal prerequisites for Coulomb explosion imaging. Here, we demonstrate that highly charged ion beam with energy in the Bragg peak region is a powerful tool capable of meeting these requirements. Using the 112.

CalDAG-GEFI acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for LRRK2 to regulate LRRK2 function and neurodegeneration.

Mutations in are the most common genetic cause of Parkinson's disease (PD). LRRK2 protein contains two enzymatic domains: a GTPase (Roc-COR) and a kinase domain. Disease-causing mutations are found in both domains.

Protoplast transient transformation facilitates subcellular localization and functional analysis of walnut proteins.

Walnut (Juglans regia), an important contributor to oil production among woody plants, encounters research constraints due to difficulties in the subcellular localization and functional analysis of its proteins. These limitations arise from the protracted fruiting cycle and the absence of a reliable transient gene transformation system and organelle markers. In this study, we established a transient expression system using walnut protoplasts and generated fluorescent-tagged organelle markers, whose localization was validated against Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) organelle markers.

Bisphenol B Exposure Promotes Melanoma Progression via Dysregulation of Lipid Metabolism in C57BL/6J Mice.

The increasing incidence of cancer underscore the necessity of investigating contributors such as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including bisphenol A (BPA). Although BPA's risks are well-documented, comprehensive studies on its substitutes, such as bisphenol B (BPB), are limited. Dysregulated lipid metabolism is a hallmark of cancer progression.

Performance of MgAl-LDH@ZIF-8 in High Efficiency Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO to CO.

This study involves the preparation of the precursor of magnesium aluminum layered double hydroxide (MgAl-LDH) through a hydrothermal synthesis method. Subsequently, altering the loading amount of the precursor to synthesize a series of nanomaterials (MgAl-LDH@ZIF-8, = 0.2, 0.

Adrenic acid: A promising biomarker and therapeutic target (Review).

Adrenic acid is a 22‑carbon unsaturated fatty acid that is widely present in the adrenal gland, liver, brain, kidney and vascular system that plays a regulatory role in various pathophysiological processes, such as inflammatory reactions, lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, vascular function, and cell death. Adrenic acid is a potential biomarker for various ailments, including metabolic, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases and cancer. In addition, adrenic acid is influenced by the pharmacological properties of several natural products, such as astragaloside IV, evodiamine, quercetin, kaempferol, Berberine‑baicalin and prebiotics, so it is a promising new target for clinical treatment and drug development.

Artificial intelligence application in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer: advance, challenges, and opportunities.

Bladder cancer (BC) is a serious and common malignant tumor of the urinary system. Accurate and convenient diagnosis and treatment of BC is a major challenge for the medical community. Due to the limited medical resources, the existing diagnosis and treatment protocols for BC without the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) still have certain shortcomings.

Clinical evaluation of sintilimab in conjunction with bevacizumab for advanced colorectal cancer with microsatellite stable-type after failure of first-line therapy.

Background: At present, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remain the 1-line therapy method for patients suffering from high microsatellite instability /deficient mismatch repair metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, ICI treatments demonstrate minimal therapeutic efficacy against microsatellite stable (MSS)/proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) CRC. This is mainly because this type of tumor is a "cold tumor" with almost no lymphocyte infiltration.

Panaroma of microglia in traumatic brain injury: a bibliometric analysis and visualization study during 2000-2023.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a critical global health concern characterized by elevated rates of both morbidity and mortality. The pathological and physiological changes after TBI are closely related to microglia. Microglia, the primary immune cells in the brain, are closely linked to the mechanisms and treatment of TBI.

Variations in HBA gene contribute to high-altitude hypoxia adaptation via affected O transfer in Tibetan sheep.

Tibetan sheep are indigenous to the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Owing to the harsh hypoxic environment in this plateau, the hemoglobin (Hb) protein in Tibetan sheep has undergone adaptive changes over time. Hb is primarily responsible for transporting O and CO between the lungs and other tissues of the body.

Learning First Aid Knowledge Not Only for the Self But Also for Others: Toward a Collective Protection Motivation Theory.

The practice of learning first aid knowledge on social media has gained considerable attention as a strategy for improving public health. Yet despite this recognition, the practice has not drawn commensurate academic attention. Different from individual health protection behavior, first aid knowledge learning is a collective preventive health behavior due to its collective attributes of protecting the health of others.

Engineered Metal-Organic Framework with Stereotactic Anchoring and Spatial Separation of Porphyrins for Amplified Ultrasound-Mediated Pyroptosis and Cancer Immunotherapy.

Ultrasound-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is pivotal in specifically inducing pyroptosis of tumor cells. However, the effectiveness of pyroptosis is generally hindered by the constraints of ROS generation efficiency. Herein, a new porphyrin-based metal-organic framework (Fe(TCPP)-MOF) was rationally designed via an innovative dual-solvent strategy to amplify ROS generation for ultrasound-controlled pyroptosis.

Dual-polarization reconfigurable metasurface for broadband vortex beam generation.

Recently, reconfigurable metasurfaces integrated with adaptable devices have demonstrated exceptional dynamic controllability across various applications, garnering considerable attention. However, many reported metasurfaces, particularly those supporting dual-polarization adjustability, exhibit limited broadband electromagnetic performance. To address this limitation, we propose a dual-polarized reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) with a distinctive metal layer design.

Spectral channels increase of multi-wavelength visible laser enabled by SHG-SFG hybrid processes.

Spectral evolution in nonlinear optical processes, such as second harmonic generation (SHG) and sum frequency generation (SFG), plays a crucial role in multi-wavelength generation through nonlinear frequency conversion. In this study, the enhancement of spectral performance in a multi-wavelength visible laser facilitated by SHG-SFG hybrid processes is proposed and demonstrated, for the first time to our knowledge. An output of up to eleven wavelengths can be achieved using a six-wavelength pump.

Model-driven extended scene piston sensing for synthetic aperture telescopes.

Efficient piston estimation is a critical factor in preserving the image quality in synthetic aperture telescopes. When the light source or observation scene is an extended object, the spatial properties of the target and the point spread function (PSF) will undergo convolution effects on the scientific image plane, posing a significant challenge to numerous developed point-source piston sensing methods. In this paper, we investigate a model-driven-based piston sensing strategy capable of high-accuracy piston measurement for extended scenes.

Electrical liquid crystal integration with VCSEL arrays for tunable orthogonal polarization laser.

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays that can emit orthogonally polarized light have shown broad application potential and market demand in the fields of optical communication, optical sensors, and biomedicine. Two kinds of polarization-switching VCSEL arrays based on anti-parallel (AP) oriented liquid crystal (LC) external cavities and twisted nematic (TN) oriented LC external cavities are proposed in this paper. The light is independently guided by the LC electrically, achieving uniform lasing of linearly polarized light with mutually orthogonal polarization modes and equal power.

Multi-parameter optimization of polarization gradient cooling for Rb atoms based on reinforcement learning.

Polarization gradient cooling (PGC) plays an important role in many cold atom applications including the formation of Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) and cooling of single atoms. Traditional parameter optimization of PGC usually relies on subjective expertise, faces challenges in fine manipulation, and exhibits low optimization efficiency. Here, we propose a segmented control method that differs from the traditional PGC process by expanding the experiment parameters from 3 to 30.

Flexible and transparent ultra-broadband low-profile frequency selective rasorber.

An ultra-broadband, low-profile, flexible, and transparent frequency selective rasorber (FSR) is designed based on indium tin oxide (ITO) film. The -1 dB transmission band of the resistive sheet and the bandpass FSS are 0.10 - 8.