Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids attenuates cognitive impairment via the gut-brain axis in diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction rats.

Diabetes-related cognitive dysfunction (DACD) is a comorbidity of type 2 diabetes that has a negative effect on patients' quality of life. Research has indicated that disruption of the gut microbiota (GM) may be linked to dementia with altered cognitive performance. Conversely, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) may reverse DACD.

An innovative high-rate biofilm-based process: Biopolymer production and recovery from wastewater organic pollutants.

In this study, a novel high-rate moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) was constructed to enhance wastewater COD bio-conversion and biopolymer recovery with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1.0 h and an organic loading rate (OLR) of 4.8 kg COD·m·d.

Global, regional, and national epidemiology of osteoarthritis in working-age individuals: insights from the global burden of disease study 1990-2021.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease with an increasing global burden, particularly among the working-age population. This study aims to analyze the temporal trends in OA burden by age and sex globally from 1990 to 2021, focusing on incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates, and to predict future trends. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, which includes 204 countries and regions, we stratified the findings by the sociodemographic index (SDI).

STAT1 inhibition promotes oxidative stress to sustain leukemia stem cell maintenance.

New strategy to prevent relapse and drug resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is urgently to be solved. The connection between those properties and leukemia stem cells (LSCs) in AML remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that leukemia cells with high signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) expression preserve quiescent properties, in contrast, leukemia cells with low STAT1 expression possess active and vulnerable apoptotic properties in AML model, highlighting the differential impact of STAT1 expression on cellular behavior in acute myeloid leukemia.

subsp. TG11 ameliorates loperamide-induced constipation in mice by modulating gut microbiota.

Introduction: Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder that can affect quality of life. Probiotics have garnered substantial attention for their potential to alleviate constipation. This study investigates the preventive effects of subsp.

Immunomodulatory effects of CCFM8661 + stachyose on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression mice.

Introduction: The increasing stress of modern life has led to a decline in immunity, sparking widespread interest in new strategies to boost immune function. and stachyose have gained attention for their immune-regulating effects, but the mechanisms of their combined application remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the immunoregulatory effects of CCFM8661 combined with stachyose in cyclophosphamide-induced immunocompromised mice.

Developing approaches to incorporate donor-lung computed tomography images into machine learning models to predict severe primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation.

Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a common complication after lung transplantation associated with poor outcomes. Although risk factors have been identified, the complex interactions between clinical variables affecting PGD risk are not well understood, which can complicate decisions about donor-lung acceptance. Previously, we developed a machine learning model to predict grade 3 PGD using donor and recipient electronic health record data, but it lacked granular information from donor-lung computed tomography (CT) scans, which are routinely assessed during offer review.

Feasibility and Acceptability of Integrating Acupuncture for Management of Multiple Symptoms in Medically Underserved Breast Cancer Survivors.

Background/objectives: Breast cancer survivors undergoing long-term endocrine therapy often experience multiple symptoms, including pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance, hot flashes, anxiety, and depression. This study explored the feasibility and acceptability of integrating acupuncture for symptom management in medically underserved breast cancer survivors.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at two clinics serving medically underserved populations.

A tough soft-hard interface in the human knee joint driven by multiscale toughening mechanisms.

Joining heterogeneous materials in engineered structures remains a significant challenge due to stress concentration at interfaces, which often leads to unexpected failures. Investigating the complex, multiscale-graded structures found in animal tissue provides valuable insights that can help address this challenge. The human meniscus root-bone interface is an exemplary model, renowned for its exceptional fatigue resistance, toughness, and interfacial adhesion properties throughout its lifespan.

Isoleucine at position 137 of haemagglutinin acts as a mammalian adaptation marker of H9N2 avian influenza virus.

The H9N2 subtype of avian influenza virus (AIV) is widely distributed among poultry and wild birds and is also a threat to humans. During AIV active surveillance in Liaoning province from 2015 to 2016, we identified 10 H9N2 strains exhibiting different lethality to chick embryos. Two representative strains, A/chicken/China/LN07/2016 (CKLN/07) and A/chicken/China/LN17/2016 (CKLN/17), with similar genomic background but different chick embryo lethality, were chosen to evaluate the molecular basis for this difference.

Effects of different milk powders on the growth and intestinal flora in weaned rats: Comparison of special formula milk powder with ordinary milk powder.

The objective of this investigation was to examine the effects of distinct dosages of infant formula and diverse formula constituents on the growth and development of weaned rats. Fifty specific pathogen-free (SPF) male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats aged 3 weeks were divided into the basic diet group, 20% ordinary milk powder group, 20% special formula milk powder group, 30% ordinary milk powder group, and 30% special formula milk powder group randomly. After 28 days of feeding, compared with the basic diet group, the body mass and brain/body weight of rats in the 30% ordinary and special formula milk powder groups were decreased.

Effects of phloroglucinol on uterine peristalsis after frozen embryo transfer in patients experiencing recurrent implantation failure: A retrospective case-control study.

Objective: To retrospectively investigate the efficacy of phloroglucinol administration after freeze-thawed embryo transfer in patients experiencing recurrent implantation failure (RIF).

Materials And Methods: A total of 139 infertile couples who experienced RIF undergoing in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer were divided into the control (n = 66) and the phloroglucinol (n = 73) groups. Women in the phloroglucinol group received 80 mg phloroglucinol 30 min after transfer, then once daily up to day 3 after the embryo transfer.

Amelioration of inflammatory bowel disease by subsp. XLTG11 in combination with mesalazine.

The treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains challenging and significantly impacts both patients and their families. This study evaluated the role of subsp. XLTG11 (XLTG11) in combination with mesalazine (5-ASA) in the improvement of IBD.

Vegetation degradation and its progressive impact on soil nitrogen mineralization in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau's alpine wetlands: Insights from a three-year study.

The soil nitrogen (N) cycle in the alpine wetland of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) has been strongly affected by vegetation degradation caused by climate change and human activities, subsequently impacting ecosystem functions. However, previous studies have rarely addressed how varying degrees of vegetation degradation affect soil net nitrogen mineralization rates and their temporal dynamics in these sensitive ecosystems. Therefore, we conducted a three-year field-based soil core in situ incubation mineralization experiment on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau from 2019 to 2021 to assess the variations in soil net ammonification, nitrification, and mineralization rates during the growing season (June to October).

Heyndrickxia coagulans spore-based nanoparticle generator for improved oral insulin delivery and hypoglycemic therapy.

Due to the two major physiological barriers restricted by mucus penetration and epithelia transport, oral insulin therapy using nano-delivery system remains challenging. Heyndrickxia coagulans spores can survive the harsh conditions of gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and penetrate in the mucus through germination to probiotics with their amphipathic proteinaceous coat shedding in the gut epithelium, which makes it possible to be functionalized with hydrophilic peptide/protein and form nanoparticles (NPs) in vivo. Inspired by the natural physiological properties of spores, novel deoxycholic acid-modified Heyndrickxia coagulans spores loaded with insulin (DA-Spore/Ins) as the generators of autonomous bio-based nanoparticles were designed to solve these absorption barriers to enhance oral insulin delivery.

Identification and Characterization of Linear Epitopes of Monoclonal Antibodies Against African Horse Sickness Virus Serotype 1 VP2 Protein.

African horse sickness (AHS) is an acute, fatal, contagious disease of animals of the family Equidae and is caused by infection with the African horse sickness virus (AHSV). Based on the outer capsid protein VP2, AHSV is classified into nine serotypes (AHSV-1 to -9) with little or no serological cross-reactivity between them. In 2020, AHS outbreaks caused by AHSV-1 were reported in Thailand and Malaysia, marking the first occurrences of AHS in Southeast Asia.

Azo-Enhanced Raman Scattering Probing Proton Transfer between Water and Nanoscale Zero-valent Iron.

The interaction between a solid and water at their interface, especially proton transfer, impacts molecular-scale catalysis, macroscopic environmental science, and geoscience. Although being highly desired, directly probing proton transfer between a solid and water is a great challenge, given the subnanometer to nanometer scale of the interface. The fundamental challenge lies in the lack of a measurement tool to sensitively observe local proton concentration without introducing an exogenous electrode or nanoparticle with a minimum size of tens of nanometers.

Pan-Genome-Wide Investigation and Co-Expression Network Analysis of Gene Family in Maize.

Heat shock protein 20 (HSP20) is a diverse and functionally important protein family that plays a crucial role in plants' tolerance to various abiotic stresses. In this study, we systematically analyzed the structural and functional characteristics of the gene family within the pan-genome. By identifying 56 pan-genes, we revealed the variation in the number of these genes across different maize inbreds or relatives.

Mapping the electric field of high-definition transcranial electrical stimulation across the lifespan.

Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is a non-invasive technique widely used in modulating brain activity and behavior, but its effects differ across individuals and are influenced by head anatomy. In this study, we investigated how the electric field (EF) generated by high-definition tES varies across the lifespan among different demographic groups and its relationship with neural responses measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We employed an MRI-guided finite element method to simulate the EF for the two most common tES montages (i.

Clinical outcomes of patients with heterotopic pregnancy after laparoscopic surgery.

Objective: This retrospective study aims to analyze laparoscopic surgical management and clinical consequences of patients with heterotopic pregnancy (HP) who underwent in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and laparoscopic surgical management.

Material And Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics and pregnancy results of patients with HP who underwent IVF-ET at the Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University between January 2013 and December 2022.

Results: 21 patients were diagnosed with HP, with an average diagnostic period of 49.