Risk and Protective Factors for the Evolution of Subthreshold Depression During Early Adolescence.

Purpose: Subthreshold depression refers to a condition involving clinically significant depressive symptoms that fall short of meeting the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD). Identifying risk and protective factors associated with the progression of subthreshold depression in early life is essential for timely prevention. However, there is limited research on this topic among early adolescents.

Genome-wide association study unravels mechanisms of brain glymphatic activity.

Brain glymphatic activity, as indicated by diffusion-tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (ALPS) index, is involved in developmental neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, but its genetic architecture is poorly understood. Here, we identified 17 unique genome-wide significant loci and 161 candidate genes linked to the ALPS-indexes in a discovery sample of 31,021 individuals from the UK Biobank. Seven loci were replicated in two independent datasets.

Truth-telling, and ethical considerations in terminal care: an Eastern perspective.

Truth-telling for terminally ill patients is a challenging ethical and social issue for Chinese health care professionals. However, despite the existence of ethical and moral standards for nurses, they frequently encounter moral dilemmas when making decisions about truth-telling to patients with end-stage diseases in China. This article aims to provide ethical strategies for clinical nurses in China regarding truth-telling decisions for terminally ill patients on the basis of their individual autonomy.

Solvent induced self-assembly of a dinuclear Eu(III) helicate and emergent strong CPL.

Herein, we report the influence of solvent on the self-assembly of a dinuclear helicate, (NMe)[Eu(LR)]. A multiple species mixture with the chemical composition of [Eu(LR)] present in CHCN can be transformed into a helicate upon increasing the content of CHCl, accompanied by a significant enhancement in circularly polarized luminescence activity.

Targeting Synthesis of Diatomic Catalysts by Selective Etching and Sequential Adsorption of Metal Atom.

Diatomic catalysts featuring a tunable structure and synergetic effects hold great promise for various reactions. However, their precise construction with specific configurations and diverse metal combinations is still challenging. Here, a selective etching and metal ion adsorption strategy is proposed to accurately assign a second metal atom (M) geminal to the single atom site (M-N) for constructing diatomic sites (e.

Nondestructively-measured leaf ammonia emission rates can partly reflect maize growth status.

A deep understanding of ammonia (NH) emissions from cropland can promote efficient crop production. To date, little is known about leaf NH emissions because of the lack of rapid detection methods. We developed a method for detecting leaf NH emissions based on portable NH sensors.

Inhibitor of DNA Binding Protein 2 (ID2) Mediates the Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Differentiation Effects of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1).

In preeclampsia (PE), impaired trophoblast proliferation and differentiation are thought to cause abnormal placentation and subsequent clinical manifestations of the disease, i.e., hypertension, proteinuria, and end-organ damage.

Self-assembled nanoparticles of rapamycin prodrugs for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

Optimizing the design of nanoparticulate co-delivery systems of antigens and immunomodulators to induce antigen-specific immune tolerance effectively remains a challenge, constrained by low drug loading capacity and premature leakage of active ingredients. Here, we report a prodrug self-assembled nanoparticles (NPs) strategy to synergistically deliver antigen and rapamycin (RAPA) into antigen-presenting cells (APCs) by simply conjugating rapamycin with an aliphatic chain. These prodrug NPs can be efficiently taken up by APCs and then release rapamycin through cleavage of the linker by intracellular esterase.

Bulk and Single-Cell Transcriptome Analyses Unravel Gene Signatures of Mitochondria-Associated Programmed Cell Death in Diabetic Foot Ulcer.

Mitochondrial programmed cell death (PCD) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). In this study, we performed a comprehensive transcriptome analysis to identify potential hub genes and key cell types associated with PCD and mitochondria in DFU. Using intersection analysis of PCD- and mitochondria-related genes, we identified candidate hub genes through protein-protein interaction and random forest analysis.

LncRNA MSTRG.14227.1 regulates the morphogenesis of secondary hair follicles in inner mongolia cashmere goats via targeting ADAMTS3 by sponging chi-miR-433.

The cashmere goat is a type of livestock primarily known for its cashmere. Cashmere has a soft hand feel and good luster. It is a vital raw material in the textile industry, possessing significant economic value.

Deciphering the Interfacial Li-Ion Migration Kinetics of Ni-Rich Cathodes in Sulfide-Based All-Solid-State Batteries.

Nickel-rich layered oxide with high reversible capacity and high working potentials is a prevailing cathode for high-energy-density all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs). However, compared to the liquid battery system, ASSLBs suffer from poor Li-ion migration kinetics, severe side reactions, and undesired formation of space charge layers, which result in restricted capacity release and limited rate capability. In this work, we reveal that the capacity loss lies in the H2-H3 phase transition period, and we propose that the inconsistent interfacial Li-ion migration is the arch-criminal.

Maize ZmWRKY71 gene positively regulates drought tolerance through reactive oxygen species homeostasis.

Drought stress severely affects plant growth and yield. The plant-specific WRKY transcription factors play an important role in regulating the plant response to abiotic stresses. In this study, we identified a group I WRKY gene from maize, designated ZmWRKY71.

CHD4 Interacts With TBX5 to Maintain the Gene Regulatory Network of Postnatal Atrial Cardiomyocytes.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia, affecting 59 million individuals worldwide. Impairment of atrial cardiomyocyte (aCM) gene regulatory mechanisms predisposes to atrial fibrillation. The transcription factor TBX5 is essential for normal atrial rhythm, and its inactivation causes loss of aCM enhancer accessibility, looping, and transcriptional identity.

Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD): current perspectives on pathogenesis, therapeutic strategies, and animal models.

Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It encompasses conditions such as fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, chronic hepatitis with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Numerous recent studies have demonstrated the critical role of oxidative stress, abnormal lipid metabolism, endoplasmic reticulum stress, various forms of cell death (including apoptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis), intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, liver immune response, cell autophagy, and epigenetic abnormalities in the pathogenesis of ALD.

Histone lactylation in macrophage biology and disease: from plasticity regulation to therapeutic implications.

Epigenetic modifications have been identified as critical molecular determinants influencing macrophage plasticity and heterogeneity. Among these, histone lactylation is a recently discovered epigenetic modification. Research examining the effects of histone lactylation on macrophage activation and polarization has grown substantially in recent years.

The Effects of Prescribed Medications on Depressive Symptoms and Neurocognitive Performance in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).

Background: Alterations in brain function and structure, such as depression and neurocognitive impairment, continue to occur in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, PWH) taking suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). The lifespan of PWH has improved but the healthspan remains worse than people without HIV, in part because of aging-related diseases. As a result, polypharmacy is common and increases the risk of drug-drug interactions and adverse reactions.

Overcoming resistance in HER2-positive gastric cancer: a case report on the synergistic effect of pembrolizumab and trastuzumab.

Introduction: The first-line standard therapy for advanced HER2-positive gastric cancer is chemotherapy combined with trastuzumab and pembrolizumab, while pembrolizumab alone does not benefit as a monotherapy in patients with mismatch repair proficiency (pMMR). This case explores the therapeutic potential of adding pembrolizumab to patients who were resistant to trastuzumab, focusing on the synergistic effect of an immune checkmate inhibitor, combined with HER2 antibody.

Case Presentation: An 87-year-old metastatic gastric cancer patient, whose medical history was significant for intolerance to chemotherapy and had a poor status of performance.

ADRB2 serves as a novel biomarker and attenuates alcoholic hepatitis via the SIRT1/PGC-1α/PPARα pathway: integration of WGCNA, machine learning and experimental validation.

Background: Alcoholic hepatitis is a severe inflammatory liver disease. In recent years, the incidence of AH has been on the rise, leading to an increasingly severe disease burden. Currently, there is a lack of specific biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of AH in clinical practice.

Role of LncRNA MSTRG.20890.1 in Hair Follicle Development of Cashmere Goats.

Background: The cashmere goat is a biological resource that mainly produces cashmere. Cashmere has a soft hand feel and good luster, with high economic value. The quality and yield of cashmere are determined by the process of hair follicle development during the embryonic period.

Gucy1α1 specifically marks kidney, heart, lung and liver fibroblasts.

Fibrosis is a common outcome of numerous pathologies, including chronic kidney disease (CKD), a progressive renal function deterioration. Current approaches to target activated fibroblasts, key effector contributors to fibrotic tissue remodeling, lack specificity. Here, we report Gucy1α1 as a specific kidney fibroblast marker.

Decoding Pharmacogenomic Test Interpretation and Application to Patient Care.

Pharmacogenomics is a growing area of medicine, and pharmacists across clinical practice settings have the opportunity to individualize medication selection and dosing using genetic data. However, many practicing pharmacists may feel ill-equipped to interpret pharmacogenomic test results because of insufficient education and training. Evidence-based, updated, and freely available resources such as the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines can help pharmacists interpret and apply pharmacogenomic test results to patient care.

A Study on the Prevalence of Osteoporosis in People with Different Altitudes in Sichuan, China.

Purpose: Osteoporosis is a major health concern among the elderly, underscoring the importance of investigating its prevalence across different geographical regions. There is a current research gap regarding the incidence of osteoporosis and its variation by altitude within Sichuan, China. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of osteoporosis among populations residing at different altitudes in western Sichuan Province.