Comparative Transcriptomics Analysis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus-Infected Cell Model Systems.

The highly contagious FMDV is the agent responsible for foot-and-mouth disease, significantly impacting animals with cloven hooves and incurring substantial economic losses globally. The FMDV genome, composed of single-stranded RNA, consists of approximately 8500 nucleotides and harbors a single open reading frame (ORF) encoding both structural and non-structural proteins vital for the virus's pathogenicity and replication. BHK-21 (baby hamster kidney) cells are the optimal cell line for FMDV culture due to their robust viral replication ability and high infection susceptibility.

Dynamically Stable CuCu Pair Sites Based on In Situ-Exsolved Cu Nanoclusters on CaCO for Efficient CO Electroreduction.

Copper-based catalysts are the choice for producing multi-carbon products (C) during CO electroreduction (CORR), where the CuCu pair sites are proposed to be synergistic hotspots for C-C coupling. Maintaining their dynamic stability requires precise control over electron affinity and anion vacancy formation energy, posing significant challenges. Here, we present an in situ reconstruction strategy to create dynamically stable CuCuOCa motifs at the interface of exsolved Cu nanoclusters and CaCO nanospheres (Cu/CaCO).

Atomically Dispersed Mn-Doped Ru@RuO Core/Shell Nanostructure with High Acidic Water Oxidation Performance Arising from Multiple Synergies.

The high overpotential and unsatisfactory stability of RuO-based catalysts seriously hinder their application in acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, a Ru@RuO core/shell catalyst doped with atomically dispersed Mn species, denoted as Ru@Mn-RuO, is reported, which is prepared by a facile one-pot method. Detailed structural characterizations confirm that Mn is homogeneously and atomically distributed in RuO shell, which causes lattice contraction of RuO.

Ruthenium clusters decorated on lattice expanded hematite FeO for efficient electrocatalytic alkaline water splitting.

Electrocatalytic water splitting in alkaline media plays an important role in hydrogen production technology. Normally, the catalytic activity of commonly used transition metal oxides usually suffers from unsatisfactory electron conductivity and unfavorable binding strength for transition intermediates. To boost the intrinsic catalytic activity, we propose a rational strategy to construct lattice distorted transition metal oxides decorated with noble-metal nanoclusters.

Effect of Tourmaline Addition on the Anti-Poisoning Performance of MnCeO@TiO Catalyst for Low-Temperature Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO.

In view of the flue gas characteristics of cement kilns in China, the development of low-temperature denitrification catalysts with excellent anti-poisoning performance has important theoretical and practical significance. In this work, a series of MnCeO@TiO and tourmaline-containing MnCeO@TiO-T catalysts was prepared using a chemical pre-deposition method. It was found that the MnCeO@TiO-T2 catalyst (containing 2% tourmaline) exhibited the best low-temperature NH-selective catalytic reduction (NH-SCR) performance, yielding 100% NO conversion at 110 °C and above.

Effects of the interaction between cold spells and fine particulate matter on mortality risk in Xining: a case-crossover study at high altitude.

Background: With global climate change, the health impacts of cold spells and air pollution caused by PM are increasingly aggravated, especially in high-altitude areas, which are particularly sensitive. Exploring their interactions is crucial for public health.

Methods: We collected time-series data on meteorology, air pollution, and various causes of death in Xining.

High yield electrosynthesis of oxygenates from CO using a relay Cu-Ag co-catalyst system.

As a sustainable alternative to fossil fuel-based manufacture of bulk oxygenates, electrochemical synthesis using CO and HO as raw materials at ambient conditions offers immense appeal. However, the upscaling of the electrosynthesis of oxygenates encounters kinetic bottlenecks arising from the competing hydrogen evolution reaction with the selective production of ethylene. Herein, a catalytic relay system that can perform in tandem CO capture, activation, intermediate transfer and enrichment on a Cu-Ag composite catalyst is used for attaining high yield CO-to-oxygenates electrosynthesis at high current densities.

Synergistic Effect of Ni/Ni(OH) Core-Shell Catalyst Boosts Tandem Nitrate Reduction for Ampere-Level Ammonia Production.

Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia provides a green alternate to the Haber-Bosch method, yet it suffers from sluggish kinetics and a low yield rate. The nitrate reduction follows a tandem reaction of nitrate reduction to nitrite and subsequent nitrite hydrogenation to generate ammonia, and the ammonia Faraday efficiency (FE) is limited by the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction. Herein, we design a heterostructure catalyst to remedy the above issues, which consists of Ni nanosphere core and Ni(OH) nanosheet shell (Ni/Ni(OH)).

Effects of intercropping teak with Hayata and T.L. Wu on rhizosphere soil nutrients and bacterial community diversity, structure, and network.

Teak is a precious hardwood species in tropical and subtropical regions with a long growth cycle and slow economic returns. Intercropping medicinal plants is an effective method for obtaining early returns during the growth period of teak. However, currently, we lack sufficient knowledge about the impact of intercropping on the soil microenvironment, especially on rhizosphere soil bacterial communities.

Direct Electroreduction of Carbonate to Formate.

A cause of losses in energy and carbon conversion efficiencies during the electrochemical CO reduction reaction (eCORR) can be attributed to the formation of carbonates (CO), which is generally considered to be an electrochemically inert species. Herein, using Raman spectroscopy, liquid chromatography, H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, C and deuterium isotope labeling, and density functional theory simulations, we show that carbonate intermediates are adsorbed on a copper electrode during eCORR in KHCO electrolyte from 0.2 to -1.

Pt single atoms meet metal-organic frameworks to enhance electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity.

The electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) effectively produces clean, renewable, and sustainable hydrogen; however, the development of efficient electrocatalysts is required to reduce the high energy barrier of the HER. Herein, we report two excellent single-atom (SA)/metal-organic framework (MOF) composite electrocatalysts (Pt-MIL100(Fe) and Pt-MIL101(Cr)) for HER. The obtained Pt-MIL100(Fe) and Pt-MIL101(Cr) electrocatalysts exhibit overpotentials of 60 and 61 mV at 10 mA cm, respectively, which are close to that of commercial Pt/C (38 mV); they exhibit overpotentials of 310 and 288 mV at 200 mA cm, respectively, which are comparable to that of commercial Pt/C (270 mV).

[LPS-induced endothelial cytoskeleton remodeling in human lung vessels and related miRNAs-profiling].

Objective To investigate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on human pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (HPVECs) cytoskeleton and perform biological analysis of the microRNA (miRNA) spectrum. Methods The morphology of HPVECs was observed by microscope, the cytoskeleton by FITC-phalloidin staining, and the expression of VE-cadherin was detected by immunofluorescence cytochemical staining; the tube formation assay was conducted to examine the angiogenesis, along with cell migration test to detect the migration, and JC-1 mitochondrial membrane potential to detect the apoptosis. Illumina small-RNA sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in NC and LPS group.

First Report of Lasiodiplodia theobromae Causing Brown Leaf Spot on Bruguiera gymnorrhiza in China.

Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (Linn.) Sav. is a dominant tree species of mangrove forests in tropical coastal areas of China.

Medium/High-Entropy Amalgamated Core/Shell Nanoplate Achieves Efficient Formic Acid Catalysis for Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cell.

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have been attracting extensive research interests in designing advanced nanomaterials, while their precise control is still in the infancy stage. Herein, we have reported a well-defined PtBiPbNiCo hexagonal nanoplates (HEA HPs) as high-performance electrocatalysts. Structure analysis decodes that the HEA HP is constructed with PtBiPb medium-entropy core and PtBiNiCo high-entropy shell.

Molecular Diversity and Evolutionary Relatedness of Paulownia Witches'-Broom Phytoplasma in Different Geographical Distributions in China.

To reveal the distribution and transmission pathway of Paulownia witches'-broom (PaWB) disease, which is caused by phytoplasmas related to genetic variation, and the adaptability to the hosts and environments of the pathogenic population in different geographical regions in China, in this study, we used ten housekeeping gene fragments, including , , , , , , , , , and , for multilocus sequence typing (MLST). A total of 142 PaWB phytoplasma strains were collected from 18 provinces or municipalities. The results showed that the genetic diversity was comparatively higher among the PaWB phytoplasma strains, and substantially different from that of the other 16SrI subgroup strains.

Combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis of Nerium indicum L. elaborates the key pathways that are activated in response to witches' broom disease.

Background: Nerium indicum Mill. is an ornamental plant that is found in parks, riversides, lakesides, and scenic areas in China and other parts of the world. Our recent survey indicated the prevalence of witches' broom disease (WBD) in Guangdong, China.

Interface Engineering of Co/CoMoN/NF Heterostructures for High-Performance Electrochemical Overall Water Splitting.

The development of low-cost and high-efficiency catalysts for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline electrolyte is still challenging. Herein, interfacial Co/CoMoN heterostructures supported on Ni foam (Co/CoMoN/NF) are constructed by thermal ammonolysis of CoMoO . In 1.

Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia on Ultrafine Sn Nanoparticles.

Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) at ambient conditions is a promising route for ammonia (NH) synthesis but still suffers from low activity and selectivity. Here, ultrafine Sn nanoparticles (NPs) grown on carbon blacks (Sn/C) have been synthesized through a wet-chemical method using sodium citrate dehydrate as a stabilizing agent. Benefiting from the small sizes of Sn NPs, the Sn/C catalyst exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performance for NRR with a high Faradaic efficiency of 22.

Defect-Assisted Anchoring of Pt Single Atoms on MoS Nanosheets Produces High-Performance Catalyst for Industrial Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Pt-based catalysts are currently the most efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), but the scarcity and high cost of Pt limit industrial applications. Downsizing Pt nanoparticles (NPs) to single atoms (SAs) can expose more active sites and increase atomic utilization, thus decreasing the cost. Here, a solar-irradiation strategy is used to prepare hybrid SA-Pt/MoS nanosheets (NSs) that demonstrate excellent HER activity (the overpotential at a current density of 10 mA cm (η ) of 44 mV, and Tafel slope of 34.

Tuning the electronic structure of NiCoVO nanosheets through S doping for enhanced oxygen evolution.

It is of great importance to develop efficient and low-cost oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts for electrochemical water splitting. Herein, S doped NiCoVO nanosheets grown on Ni-Foam (S-NiCoVO/NF) with a modified electronic structure have been prepared through a facile one-step hydrothermal method. The as-prepared S-NiCoVO/NF exhibits outstanding OER activity with low overpotentials of 248 mV and 289 mV to deliver current densities of 10 mA cm and 100 mA cm, respectively, and a small Tafel slope of 46.

Association of heart rate with cardiovascular events and mortality in hypertensive and normotensive population: a nationwide prospective cohort study.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. We assessed the association of baseline heart rate with cardiovascular events and mortality in hypertensive and normotensive populations using a prospective urban and rural epidemiology cohort study in China.

Methods: A total of 29,554 individuals were involved in our analysis, distributed equally between groups of normotensive and hypertensive.

Transcriptome and metabolome profiling in naturally infested Casuarina equisetifolia clones by Ralstonia solanacearum.

Casuarina equisetifolia is an important pioneer tree and suffers from bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. We collected resistant (R) and susceptible (S) C. equisetifolia clones naturally infected by R.