Research on a Low-Cost, Low-Waste Method for Surface Flatness Improvement of WAAM Components Based on Tungsten Inert Gas Arc Remelting (TIGAR).

Wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has fully empowered the design and manufacturing of metals with its unparalleled efficiency and flexibility. However, the process has relatively poor shape control capabilities, often requiring machining post-processing. This study explores a tungsten inert gas arc remelting (TIGAR) process to improve the surface flatness of WAAM components at a low cost and significantly reduce machining waste (up to 76%), which is crucial for the sustainable development of the process.

Mechanisms underlying changes in intestinal permeability during pregnancy and their implications for maternal and infant health.

Proper regulation of intestinal permeability is essential for maintaining the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier. An abnormal increase in permeability can significantly contribute to the onset and progression of various diseases, including autoimmune disorders, metabolic conditions, allergies, and inflammatory bowel diseases. The potential connection between intestinal permeability and maternal health during pregnancy is increasingly recognized, yet a comprehensive review remains lacking.

Preclinical Study of a Dual-Target Molecular Probe Labeled with Ga Targeting SSTR2 and FAP.

Objective: Currently, Ga-labeled somatostatin analogs (SSAs) are the most commonly used imaging agents for patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) in clinical practice, demonstrating good results in tumor diagnosis. For applications in peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), targeted drugs should have high tumor uptake and prolonged tumor retention time. To enhance the uptake and retention of tracers in NETs, our goal is to design a Ga-labeled heterodimer for optimizing pharmacokinetics and assess whether this form is more efficacious than its monomeric equivalents.

Research Progress in Shape-Control Methods for Wire-Arc-Directed Energy Deposition.

Wire-arc-directed energy deposition (WA-DED) stands out as a highly efficient and adaptable technology for near-net-shaped metal manufacturing, with promising application prospects. However, the shape control capability of this technology is relatively underdeveloped, necessitating further refinement. This review summarizes the latest advancements in the shape control of WA-DED technology, covering four pivotal areas: the regulation of various process parameters, optimization of the deposition paths, control through auxiliary energy and mechanical fields, and synergy between additive and subtractive manufacturing approaches.

The impact of gut microbiota in full-term pregnant women on immune regulation during pregnancy: A prospective, exploratory study.

Aim: This study aims to investigate the correlation between gut microbiota and both placental local immune function and the maternal systemic immune system in pregnant women.

Methods: Twenty-six pregnant women were included in this study, utilizing high-throughput sequencing for gut microbiota analysis. Immune cells and cytokine levels were measured in placental tissue and peripheral venous blood.

The effect of oral probiotics in the last trimester on the human milk and infant gut microbiotas at six months postpartum: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral probiotics on the human milk microbiota and determine whether that influenced infant microbiota development.

Methods: A total of 27 pregnant women were recruited; 14 were assigned to the probiotic group, and the rest were assigned to the control group. Their infants were likewise assigned to the probiotic group or the control group.

The influence of the oral microbiota in full-term pregnant women on immune regulation during pregnancy.

Background: This study aims to conduct a preliminary exploration of the correlation between the oral microbiota of full-term pregnant women and both local placental immunity and the systemic immune system of the mother.

Methods: A total of 26 pregnant women participated in this study, with samples collected from oral swabs, placental tissue, and peripheral venous blood. High-throughput sequencing was used to examine the oral microbial community.

Solitary bone plasmacytoma: Long-term clinical outcomes in a single center.

Background: A solitary plasmacytoma is classified into a solitary plasmacytoma of the bone (SBP) and a solitary extramedullary (soft tissue mass) plasmacytoma, based on the site of the lesion. Despite the high local control rate with radiotherapy, approximately half of patients' conditions progress to multiple myeloma (MM) within 3-5 years after diagnosis, with SBP having a worse prognosis.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively assessed the treatment and outcomes of patients with SBP in a hospital in China from 2008 to 2021.

Life cycle assessment of carbon footprint in dual-phase automotive strip steel production.

As the demand for automotive materials grows more stringent in environmental considerations, it becomes imperative to conduct thorough environmental impact assessments of dual-phase automotive strip steel (DP steel). However, the absence of detailed and comparable studies has left the carbon footprint of DP steel and its sources largely unknown. This study addresses this gap by establishing a cradle-to-gate life cycle model for DP steel, encompassing on-site production, energy systems, and upstream processes.

Biochemical characterization and mutational analysis of the NurA protein from the hyperthermophilic euryarchaeon Thermococcus barophilus Ch5.

Archaeal NurA protein plays a key role in producing 3'-single stranded DNA used for homologous recombination repair, together with HerA, Mre11, and Rad50. Herein, we describe biochemical characteristics and roles of key amino acid residues of the NurA protein from the hyperthermophilic euryarchaeon Thermococcus barophilus Ch5 (Tba-NurA). Tba-NurA possesses 5'-3' exonuclease activity for degrading DNA, displaying maximum efficiency at 45 °C-65 °C and at pH 8.

Multi-omics analysis reveals the associations between altered gut microbiota, metabolites, and cytokines during pregnancy.

For embryo implantation and fetal development, the maternal immune system undergoes dramatic changes. The mechanisms involved in inducing alterations of maternal immunity have not been fully clarified. Gut microbiome and metabolites were thought to influence the host immune response.

Factors affecting the early establishment of neonatal intestinal flora and its intervention measures.

In recent years, it has become evident that early-life intestinal flora plays a pivotal role in determining human health. Consequently, it is imperative to explore the establishment of neonatal intestinal flora and its influencing factors. Early neonatal intestinal flora is influenced by a multitude of factors, including maternal and infant-related factors, as well as external environment.

Effect of a High-Fat Diet and Probiotic Supplementation on the Gut Microbiota of Maternal Mice at Term Pregnancy and Offspring at Three-Week Postpartum.

The effects of probiotics on the gut microbiota in maternal mice-fed high-fat diet (HFD) during pregnancy and offspring are still unknown. We aimed to evaluate the effect of high-fat diet and probiotic supplementation on the gut microbiota of maternal mice at term pregnancy and offspring at three-week postpartum. Female pregnant Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups: mice on a control diet (MC), mice on HFD (MHF), mice on a control diet and probiotics (MCP), and mice on HFD and probiotics (MHFP).

Association of preoperative frailty with pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery in elderly individuals: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The relationship between preoperative frailty and pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery in elderly patients is unclear. This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between frailty and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in elderly patients undergoing cardiac surgery and to provide a basis for their prevention and treatment.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of preoperative frailty on pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery in elderly patients.

Corrigendum: The role of 18F-FDG PET in predicting the pathological response and prognosis to unresectable HCC patients treated with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors as a conversion therapy.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.

The role of F-FDG PET in predicting the pathological response and prognosis to unresectable HCC patients treated with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors as a conversion therapy.

Purpose: To investigate the diagnostic value of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-FDG PET), as an imaging biomarker, for predicting pathological response and prognosis of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with Lenvatinib and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors as a conversion therapy.

Methods: A total of 28 unresectable HCC patients with BCLC stage B or C were treated with Lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors before surgery. The F-FDG PET/CT scans were acquired before pre- (scan-1) and post-conversion therapy (scan-2).

Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus induces BmFABP1 downregulation to promote viral proliferation.

Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) play an important role as endogenous cytoprotectants. However, studies on FABPs in invertebrates are scarce. Previously, we discovered Bombyx mori fatty acid binding protein 1 (BmFABP1) through co-immunoprecipitation.

Biochemical characterization and mutational studies of endonuclease Q from the hyperthermophilic euryarchaeon Thermococcus gammatolerans.

Endonuclease Q (EndoQ) can effectively cleave DNA containing deaminated base(s), thus providing a potential pathway for repair of deaminated DNA. EndoQ is ubiquitous in some Archaea, especially in Thermococcales, and in a small group of bacteria. Herein, we report biochemical characteristics of EndoQ from the hyperthermophilic euryarchaeon Thermococcus gammatolerans (Tga-EndoQ) and the roles of its six conserved residues in DNA cleavage.

Apolipoprotein D facilitate the proliferation of BmNPV.

The silkworm, Bombyx mori, a model Lepidopteran specie, is an important economic insect. It is specifically infected by Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), causing huge losses to the sericulture industry. Therefore, the understandings of the interaction mechanism between BmNPV and the host will help to provide the theoretical basis for the sericulture industry to control BmNPV.

Targeted sequencing reveals the relationship between mutations and patients' clinical indicators, blood cell counts and early progression in diffuse large-B cell lymphoma.

In the current study, we assessed the relationship between mutations and the blood cell counts and early progression of patients with diffuse large-B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). A total of 109 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL were included in this study. mutation was only found in patients with bone marrow involvement.

Potential Proteins Interactions with Nucleopolyhedrovirus Revealed by Co-Immunoprecipitation.

Virus-host interactions are critical for virus replication, virulence, and pathogenicity. The nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a typical model baculovirus, representing one of the most common and harmful pathogens in sericulture. Herein, we used co-immunoprecipitation to identify candidate proteins with potential interactions with BmNPV.