[Fine needle biopsy of sub-clinical breast lesions under ultrasonographic control].

Fine needle aspiration under ultrasonographic control fo non-palpable lesions has the advantage of being simple and non-traumatic for the patient. It is accessible to all radiologists equipped with a 7.5 MHz probe.

[Ultrasound-guided needle biopsy in non-palpable breast lesions. Technic, evaluation, management--72 cases].

Non-palpable breast lesions set histological problems. The authors with a series of 72 ultrasound guided cytology aspirations, describe the technique, its limits, its difficulties and its advantages. A biopsy was carried out on 51 lesions.

Prognostic value of nucleolar morphometric variables in cytological breast cancer specimens.

In a retrospective study on cytological specimens from 86 patients with histologically confirmed invasive breast cancer, the prognostic value of nucleolar morphometric variables was studied and compared with nuclear variables. One hundred nuclei and their nucleoli on each slide were measured with a graphic tablet system at a total magnification of 2800 times using a stratified selection method. The number of nucleoli per 100 nuclei was also noted.

[The value of cytological grading of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Comparison of the clinical state, the Gleason score and grade in 69 cases].

During a two-year period, 69 positive prostatic fine-needle cyto-aspirates were selected for a comparison between the cytological grade and the clinical data, and also with the Gleason score and grade obtained with needle-biopsy. The cytological grade is independent of stage, except for grade III that indicates an advanced tumor (T3-T4). On the other hand, the cytological grade provides valuable indications on the histopathological differenciation according to Gleason, with no grade II inferior to Gleason score 5, and no grade III inferior to Gleason 7.

Comparison of light microscopic grading and morphometric features in cytological breast cancer specimens.

A study was set up to investigate correlations between different light microscopic grades and morphometric features in cytological breast cancer specimens and to evaluate the discriminative power of morphometry for the three grades. 76 slides (smears and imprints) were graded independently in two different laboratories, and the 54 unequivocally graded slides were used as a training set for computing classification rules. In all slides, 100 nuclei and their nucleoli were measured on a graphic tablet at a final magnification of 2800x.

[Polyethylene glycol in cytological puncture of the prostate].

Advantages of the use of polyethylene glycol (Fix-Frot solution) in prostate cytology were evaluated during a comparative study between a preliminary series of 75 examinations using conventional cytology techniques and a second series of 52 examinations using polyethylene glycol. The percentage of blank punctures decreased from 22.6 to 3.

[Immunocytochemical demonstration and morphometric study by image analysis of estrogen receptors in carcinoma of the breast: study of 30 cases].

The method described associates on cytological preparations, immunocytochemical reaction, counter-staining, random and morphometrical study by image analysis. It permits the quantification of estrophilin in breast carcinoma and the estimation of the heterogeneity of the tumour staining.

Value of cytoprognostic classification in breast carcinomas.

Two hundred and four cases of breast carcinoma were classified according to cytological features, and these were related to prognosis. A disease free interval of seven years was 95% for patients with grade I, 70% for those with grade II, and 45% for those with grade III tumours. The risk of recurrence was also related to tumour size and the presence or absence of steroid receptors in the tumour.

[Importance of the systematic cytologic examination of breast secretions: 60 cancers diagnosed in 2120 discharges examined].

The systematic collection of breast secretions by manual expression of the breast and nipple in 2 120 patients examined for breast diseases has led to the following results: 529 (25%) disclose epithelial papillary hyperplasia, 136 of which underwent surgical control. Epithelial hyperplasia without cellular atypias was found in 9 fibroadenomas, 42 fibrocystic diseases, 29 papilloma/papillomatosis and 21 cancers. Atypical or malignant hyperplasia was observed in 42 cases.

[Healthy subjects with malignant cells in their sputum. Apropos of 60 cases].

Sixty cases of occult carcinoma of the lung are described. A distinction is made between "revealed cases" (23 cases) in which the carcinoma revealed itself within 5 months after the first cytological findings, and true occult carcinomas (37 cases) in which lesions developed within 5 months to 8 years after the first positive cytology. Mean survival in the "revealed cases" was 13 months.

[Post-therapeutic development of small cell epitheliomas to malpighian epitheliomas, or initially composite forms? Apropos of 3 cases, review of the literature].

Three cases of transformation of small cell carcinomas into squamous cell cancer after chemotherapy are reported. A review of the literature shows that about 7% of small cell carcinomas are associated to different histological types of cancer before treatment. Such an association is found in about 25% of the cases after chemotherapy.

Tamoxifen-induced fluorescence as a marker of human breast tumor cell responsiveness to hormonal manipulations: correlation with progesterone receptor content and ultrastructural alterations.

The fluorescent binding of tamoxifen to eosin is used on Papanicolaou-stained smears as a marker of cell responsiveness to the antiestrogen molecule. Forty-two cases of human breast carcinomas were submitted to tamoxifen treatment between first diagnosis and surgery (4 to 30 days). Tamoxifen-induced fluorescence is observed in 17 of 42 cases (40%).

[Small cell epithelioma in the Rhône-Alp region: changes in incidence between 1970 and 1980].

4 856 cases of primary lung carcinoma in the Rhônes-Alpes area have been collected from 1970 to 1980 by cytological examination. The validity of these data rests upon the fact that they come from the same laboratory. The percentage of small cell carcinomas has been calculated per year and per geographical area.

[Tamoxifen fluorescence as a marker of hormone-dependence: physicochemical aspects].

In acid solutions, Tamoxifen is protonized and forms with eosin a fluorescent ionic association (lambda exc 480 nm, lambda em 565 nm). This reaction is quantitatively linked to the concentration of Tamoxifen. Thus the Tamoxifen induced fluorescence observed in hormone-dependent malignant breast tumor cells after Papanicolaou staining procedure, appears as a consequence of the binding of Tamoxifen to eosin.

[Cytologic grade, a prognostic factor in breast cancer].

Fine needle aspirations of breast carcinomas, submitted to a hypochromic Papanicolaou staining procedure, provides useful prognostic data. Three grades of increasing severity were used as a classification. An homogeneous group of 189 patients submitted to similar therapeutic management has been analyzed: 15.

[Tamoxifen induced fluorescence as a marker of hormone receptors: cytological study of fine needle biopsy of malignant breast tumors in treated women].

Tamoxifen-induced fluorescence was used as a marker of hormone receptors in breast tumor cytology. Patients receiving Tamoxifen were compared to patients without such a therapy. Only those receiving this treatment showed fluorescence in their malignant cells.

Differential nucleolar staining affinity with a modified Papanicolaou staining procedure.

A modified Papanicolaou staining procedure using diluted Harris' hematoxylin with potassium alum is described. Nucleolar staining varies from blue to bright red. This technique has been applied to mammary tumor cell lines in vitro under several conditions of hormonal stimulation known to induce protein synthesis and cell differentiation.

Fine needle aspiration of breast carcinoma: a preliminary cytoprognostic study.

A cytologic grading method for fine needle aspiration smears was applied to 178 histologically confirmed breast carcinomas. Grade I defined a well-differentiated carcinoma, grade II a carcinoma with pleomorphic tumor cells and grade II an anaplastic carcinoma. The cell-to-cell relationship (topography) and the cytologic criteria contributed to the grading.

Mammary carcinogenesis in Sprague--Dawley rats following 3 repeated exposures to 14.8 MeV neutrons and steroid receptor content of these tumor types.

166 Sprague-Dawley Rats (148 males and 118 females) submitted to different hormonal conditions were exposed to 3 repeated whole-body irradiations of 14.8 MeV neutrons or sham-irradiated between 50 and 65 days of age (total absorbed doses: 3 x 2 rad and 3 x 8 rad). They were observed for 11 months.

[Cytoprognosis in the pretherapeutic assessment of carcinoma of the breast. 192 cases. (author's transl)].

A cytologic grading method of fine needle aspiration smears has been applied to 192 cases of breast carcinoma. Grade I defines well differenciated carcinoma, grade II pleioporphic tumor cells, grade III anaplastic carcinoma. Special attention was given to the unfavorable forms of tumors (grade III).