Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Changes in Deformational Head Shapes During Repositioning Therapy and Cranial Remolding Treatment.

The surge in deformational head shapes (DHSs) over the past 30 years has led to increased interest in comparing the treatment options of Repositioning Therapy (RT) and a Cranial Remolding Orthosis (CRO). This study investigates the amount and rate of 2D and 3D correction in infants with DHSs during these treatments. A total of 34 infants with DHSs were enrolled (RT group, = 18; CRO group, = 16).

Ancient DNA challenges prevailing interpretations of the Pompeii plaster casts.

The eruption of Somma-Vesuvius in 79 CE buried several nearby Roman towns, killing the inhabitants and burying under pumice lapilli and ash deposits a unique set of civil and private buildings, monuments, sculptures, paintings, and mosaics that provide a rich picture of life in the empire. The eruption also preserved the forms of many of the dying as the ash compacted around their bodies. Although the soft tissue decayed, the outlines of the bodies remained and were recovered by excavators centuries later by filling the cavities with plaster.

Molecular Characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates Through Whole-Genome Sequencing: A Comprehensive Analysis of Serotypes, Sequence Types, and Antimicrobial and Virulence Genes.

Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a menace, spreading among bacterial species globally. AMR is now recognized as a silent pandemic responsible for treatment failures. Therefore, an effective surveillance mechanism is warranted to understand the bacterial species isolated from human clinical specimens.

Effects of adherence to treatment for repositioning therapy, physical therapy, and cranial remolding orthoses in infants with cranial deformation.

Deformational head shapes are most often treated through repositioning therapy (RT) and/or cranial remolding orthotic (CRO) treatment. However, there is conflicting evidence about the effectiveness of each method, and treatment compliance is suspected to affect treatment effectiveness. This study examines participant adherence with these treatment methods and explores if cranial correction is related to compliance.

Surgical strategies in the management of aggressive spinal haemangiomas: Retrospective case series with literature review and a practical treatment algorithm.

Purpose: We studied the clinico-radiological features and treatment outcomes of patients with aggressive spinal haemangiomas.

Methods: We undertook a retrospective review of 24 patients with aggressive spinal haemangiomas managed at our centre from 2004 to 2016. The cohort was divided into two groups.

Surgical excision versus clinical follow-up: Outcomes of benign intraductal papillomas diagnosed on core needle biopsy.

Objective: To compare outcomes between benign intraductal papillomas diagnosed on core need biopsy that were excised (BIP-E) versus those that were followed-up (BIP-F) at our institution.

Methods: Patients were identified by an electronic data base search from January 2010 to October 2016. After exclusions, clinical, radiological and histologic variables were evaluated and biopsy and excision slides reviewed.

Correlation Between Post-Radiosurgery Perinidal Hyperintensity and AVM Obliteration Following LINAC-Based Stereotactic Radiosurgery.

Objective: We studied the correlation between new-onset perinidal hyperintensity (PH) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and obliteration of intracranial arteriovenous malformation (AVM) after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).

Methods: A retrospective study of 148 patients with an intracranial AVM who underwent SRS between September 2005 and June 2018 and had ≥1 radiological follow-up (early magnetic resonance imaging) 12-18 months after SRS was performed to analyze the correlation between PH (graded from 0 to 2) and AVM obliteration.

Results: Of the 148 patients, 95 were male.

Computed Tomography-Guided Spinal Biopsy in Suspected Infective Spondylodiscitis: An Institutional Review of Its Utility.

 Infectious spondylodiscitis is a debilitating condition and evidence-based medicine dictates confirming the diagnosis before treatment. Computed tomography-guided spinal biopsy plays a major role and hence we would like to determine its utility in current clinical practice.  The purpose of this study is to determine the percentage of confirmatory positives of CT-guided spinal biopsy in patients who were clinicoradiologically diagnosed with infectious spondylitis.

Economical synthesis of oxygen to combat the COVID-19 pandemic.

The whole world has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and oxygen demand is greater than ever, but the supply is expectedly short. People in need of this oxygen are not able to receive it, especially those who cannot afford it. In addition to these issues, the oxygen from production plants is not getting delivered to hospitals on a timely basis due to insufficient availability of tankers and cylinders.

Cardiovascular and Renal Comorbidities Included into Neural Networks Predict the Outcome in COVID-19 Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit: Three-Center, Cross-Validation, Age- and Sex-Matched Study.

Here, we performed a multicenter, age- and sex-matched study to compare the efficiency of various machine learning algorithms in the prediction of COVID-19 fatal outcomes and to develop sensitive, specific, and robust artificial intelligence tools for the prompt triage of patients with severe COVID-19 in the intensive care unit setting. In a challenge against other established machine learning algorithms (decision trees, random forests, extra trees, neural networks, k-nearest neighbors, and gradient boosting: XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost) and multivariate logistic regression as a reference, neural networks demonstrated the highest sensitivity, sufficient specificity, and excellent robustness. Further, neural networks based on coronary artery disease/chronic heart failure, stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease, blood urea nitrogen, and C-reactive protein as the predictors exceeded 90% sensitivity and 80% specificity, reaching AUROC of 0.

The first-line antituberculosis drugs, and their fixed-dose combination induced abnormal sperm morphology and histological lesions in the testicular cells of male mice.

Rifampicin (RIF), Isoniazid (INH), Ethambutol (EMB), Pyrazinamide (PZA), and/or their fixed-dose combination (FDC) are extensively prescribed in the cure of Tuberculosis (TB) globally. In spite of the beneficial effect, these drugs are capable of inducing cellular toxicity. Existing information on the genotoxic effects of the first-line anti-TB drugs is limited and contentious.

Hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) a high strength cellulose resin for wood composite laminates.

The organic wastes though biodegradable is harmful and pose a serious threat to the environment. This research focused to; harness the cellulose existing in the peels of vegetables, banana and bagasse to establish Hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) bioresin. Eleven experiments were performed with different w/w% of DMSO and Sulphuric acid to find the best solvent extract.

Taeniasis Presenting as Motile Worms in the Stools: An Emerging but Neglected Parasitic Disease.

Many parasitic infections essentially pose a significant public health problem throughout the world. However, the consequence of the issue is felt more among developing countries like India. This is majorly due to unsatisfactory hygienic practices and overcrowding, among others.

Analysis of the galactomannan binding ability of β-mannosidases, BtMan2A and CmMan5A, regarding their activity and synergism with a β-mannanase.

Both β-mannanases and β-mannosidases are required for mannan-backbone degradation into mannose. In this study, two β-mannosidases of glycoside hydrolase (GH) families 2 (BtMan2A) and 5 (CmMan5A) were evaluated for their substrate specificities and galactomannan binding ability. BtMan2A preferred short -oligomers, while CmMan5A preferred longer ones; DP >2, and galactomannans.

Efficacy of Shadow-Based Needle Positioning System in Performing CT Image-Guided Percutaneous Biopsy of Lung Lesions: Our Initial Experience.

 Computerized tomography (CT) is widely used for various interventions and there is a need for an effective navigation tool, for best outcomes.  The study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of light- and shadow-based needle positioning assistance device, an innovative navigation tool over the conventional freehand technique, in performing CT image-guided percutaneous interventions.  This randomized control trial was performed among patients undergoing CT-guided percutaneous intervention for lung pathologies.

Efficacy of Core Needle Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Pediatric Extracranial Solid Malignancies: A 10-Year Study.

Introduction: Core needle biopsies of solid masses in children are a minimally invasive technique. It guides to a definitive diagnosis and facilitates management.

Aims And Objectives: To determine the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of core needle biopsies in diagnosing pediatric solid masses.

Technical and Medium-Term Clinical Outcomes of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt with Fluoroscopy and Additional Trans-abdominal Ultrasound Guidance.

 The aim of the study is to evaluate the technical and clinical outcomes of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) performed with additional transabdominal ultrasound guidance.  Patients who underwent TIPS between January 2004 to January 2020 in our center were studied. Technical, hemodynamic, angiographic, and clinical outcome were recorded up to 1 year of follow-up.

Utility of spinal angiography and arterial embolization in patients undergoing CT guided alcohol injection of aggressive vertebral hemangiomas.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of spinal angiography and arterial embolization in avoiding spinal cord ischemia in patients undergoing CT-guided alcohol injection of aggressive vertebral hemangiomas.

Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with vertebral hemangioma who underwent CT-guided direct alcohol injection between January 2007 and October 2018 were identified. Of 28 such patients, 26 had neurological deficits, and 2 had only back pain or radiculopathy.

Dietary pattern and nutritional status of female adolescents in Amai Secondary School, Delta State, Nigeria.

Introduction: there is an existing variability in eating patterns between adolescents and children. Consequently, with the adoption of westernised way of life, this translates to a change in eating habits and food choices. This study was designed to investigate the dietary patterns and nutritional status of the female adolescents in Amai Secondary Commercial School, Delta State, Nigeria.

X-ray Structure, Bioinformatics Analysis, and Substrate Specificity of a 6-Phospho-β-glucosidase Glycoside Hydrolase 1 Enzyme from .

In bacteria, mono- and disaccharides are phosphorylated during the uptake processes through the vastly spread transport system phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase. As an initial step in the phosphorylated disaccharide metabolism pathway, 6-phospho-β-glucosidases and 6-phospho-β-galactosidases play a crucial role by releasing phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated monosaccharides. However, structural determinants for the specificity of these enzymes still need to be clarified.

AMBER force field parameters for the Zn (II) ions of the tunneling-fold enzymes GTP cyclohydrolase I and 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase.

The folate biosynthesis pathway is an essential pathway for cell growth and survival. Folate derivatives serve as a source of the one-carbon units in several intracellular metabolic reactions. Rapidly dividing cells rely heavily on the availability of folate derivatives for their proliferation.

Peripheral Arteriovenous Malformations-A Case Series.

Context: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are aggressive vascular malformations that often result in significant morbidity. Patients may present to a dermatologist due to associated skin changes. Early diagnosis is important as treatment is available to halt their progression toward irreversible destruction of adjacent tissues.

Synovial Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Crystal-Associated Arthropathies.

Background/ Objective: This study seeks to assess the utility of synovial biopsy in the diagnosis of crystal-associated arthropathies (CAAs) in a clinical setting.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed biopsy reports involving synovial tissue between 1988 and 2015. We then reviewed the records of patients where the biopsy was performed for a clinical suspicion of CAA-the clinical group-and calculated the frequency of a positive diagnosis.

Role of Ultrasound Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse in Differentiating Benign from Malignant Superficial Lymph Nodes.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging in differentiating benign from malignant peripheral lymphadenopathy.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective study approved by the Institutional Review Board with financial grant for the same. Ultrasound and ARFI imaging of peripheral lymph nodes were performed and correlated with pathological results, which were used as the reference standard.

Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of Vancomycin and Daptomycin Against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated from Various Clinical Specimens: A Study from South India.

Background Staphylococci are Gram-positive cocci arranged in clusters. They are colonized in humans and animals. Also, (S.