Relationships among eye dimensions in magnetic resonance images by sex, age, and strabismus type in Japanese patients with acquired strabismus and high myopia.

Purpose: To investigate the relationships among eye dimensions in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans by sex, age, and strabismus type in Japanese patients with acquired strabismus and high myopia.

Study Design: Retrospective clinical case series.

Methods: We included 58 eyes of 29 patients with acquired strabismus and high myopia (mean age ± standard deviation: 60.

Analysis of temporal changes in thickness from conjunctiva to sclera after plication of the medial rectus muscle measured by anterior segment optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: We evaluated long-term changes in conjunctival bulge after medial rectus muscle (MR) tightening using the plication method.

Study Design: Retrospective and observational.

Methods: Patients who underwent MR plication for exotropia from December 2016-March 2020 at Okayama University Hospital were included.

Yokukansan suppresses neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of mice and decreases the duration of lipopolysaccharide- and diazepam-mediated loss of righting reflex induced by pentobarbital.

Neuroinflammation is associated with the development of hypoactive delirium, which results in poor clinical outcomes. Drugs effective against hypoactive sur have not yet been established. Yokukansan has an anti-neuroinflammatory effect, making it potentially effective against hypoactive delirium.

Impact of Gut Microbiota on the Pharmacokinetics of Glycyrrhizic Acid in Yokukansan, a Kampo Medicine.

Individual differences in gut microbiota can affect the pharmacokinetics of drugs. Yokukansan is a traditional Japanese kampo medicine used to treat peripheral symptoms of dementia and delirium. A study examining the pharmacokinetics of the components of yokukansan reported large individual differences in the pharmacokinetics of glycyrrhizic acid (GL).

Association of 5-aminolevulinic acid with intraoperative hypotension in malignant glioma surgery.

Background: Use of 5-aminolevulinic acid for photodynamic malignant tumor diagnosis reportedly causes intraoperative hypotension (systolic blood pressure < 70 mmHg) during urologic surgery. However, its association with intraoperative hypotension in malignant glioma surgery and underlying mechanisms has not yet been elucidated..

Severe pleural effusion associated with nilotinib for chronic myeloid leukaemia: cross-intolerance with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Nilotinib is used as standard treatment in managing chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). A 23-year-old man with CML and on nilotinib was admitted to the intensive care unit due to respiratory failure. Three years prior, he developed pleural effusion from dasatinib therapy thus, his CML regimen was changed to nilotinib.

Double-under muscle transposition: an effective surgical option for large-angle paralytic strabismus.

Purpose: To describe our surgical outcomes using a novel muscle transposition procedure, or double-under muscle transposition (DUT), in the treatment of paralytic strabismus.

Methods: In this surgery, the split halves of the superior and inferior rectus muscles opposite the paralyzed muscle are disinserted, crossed under both the remaining half and the paralyzed muscle, and anchored at opposite corners of the insertion of the paralyzed muscle. The medical records of consecutive patients who underwent DUT were retrospectively reviewed.

Added value of anxiolytic benzodiazepines in predictive models on severe delirium in patients with acute decompensated heart failure: A retrospective analysis.

Background: Delirium in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Although some medications have been reported as risk factors for delirium, their impact on patients with ADHF is still unclear. This study aimed to determine the association of specific medication use with delirium and their additive predictive value in models based on conventional risk factors.

Juzentaihoto Suppresses Muscle Atrophy and Decreased Motor Function in SAMP8 Mice.

Sarcopenia is a disease whose symptoms include decreased muscle mass and weakened muscle strength with age. In sarcopenia, decreased production of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) increases ubiquitin ligases, such as Atrogin1 and Muscle RING-Finger Protein-1 (MuRF1), by activating forkhead box O (FOXO), and inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress increase the expression of ubiquitin ligases by activating the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). In addition, increased levels of ubiquitin ligases cause skeletal muscle atrophy.

Adverse reactions to 1% cyclopentolate eye drops in children: an analysis using logistic regression models.

Purpose: To determine the frequency, symptoms and risk factors for adverse reactions to two-times instillation of 1% cyclopentolate in children.

Study Design: Prospective, observational study.

Methods: The subjects were 646 patients who underwent cycloplegic refraction with cyclopentolate (mean age; 7.

Risk Factors for Pseudoaldosteronism with Yokukansan Use: Analysis Using the Japanese Adverse Drug Report (JADER) Database.

Yokukansan is a Kampo formula that is commonly used by the elderly because it is expected to improve peripheral symptoms of dementia and delirium. However, side effects from its use are frequently reported in the elderly. In particular, pseudoaldosteronism caused by the licorice contained in yokukansan leads to hypertension, hypokalemia, and muscle weakness, which may result in death.

Formulas to Estimate Appropriate Surgical Amounts of Unilateral Recession-Resection in Intermittent Exotropia with Distance-Near Disparity.

The purpose of this study was to derive new formulas to provide an optimal surgical procedure and optimal amount of recession-resection (RR) surgery in intermittent exotropia (IXT) with a disparity in angle of deviation depending on the fixation distance. The records of 117 consecutive patients with IXT who underwent RR surgery between March 2008 and December 2011 at Okayama University Hospital were retrospectively examined. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed using the observed corrective angle of deviation at distance or near fixation as the dependent variable, and amounts of lateral rectus muscle (LR) recession (mm) and medial rectus muscle (MR) resection, and age at surgery (years) as independent variables.

Monolayered Platinum Nanoparticles as Efficient Electrocatalysts for the Mass Production of Electrolyzed Hydrogen Water.

High-performance/low-cost platinum (Pt)-based electrocatalysts have been established by top-coating both sides of a titanium plate with Pt nanoparticles. The average diameter of the Pt nanoparticles used in this study is approximately 100 nm. Three types of Pt top-coated Pt/Ti electrocatalysts, each having different top-coated Pt layer thicknesses, are prepared.

Risk factors for excessive postoperative exo-drift after unilateral lateral rectus muscle recession and medial rectus muscle resection for intermittent exotropia.

Background: To detect significant factors associated with excessive postoperative exo-drift in young patients with intermittent exotropia who had undergone unilateral lateral rectus muscle recession and medial rectus muscle resection.

Methods: We retrospectively examined the records of 64 consecutive patients < 18 years old who underwent surgery between April 2004 and December 2011. We sought risk factors for excessive postoperative exo-drift among patients' demographic and clinical characteristics using univariate and multivariable linear regression analysis.