Wolbachia-Based Approaches to Controlling Mosquito-Borne Viral Threats: Innovations, AI Integration, and Future Directions in the Context of Climate Change.

Wolbachia-based mosquito control strategies have gained significant attention as a sustainable approach to reduce the transmission of vector-borne diseases such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya. These endosymbiotic bacteria can limit the ability of mosquitoes to transmit pathogens, offering a promising alternative to traditional chemical-based interventions. With the growing impact of climate change on mosquito population dynamics and disease transmission, Wolbachia interventions represent an adaptable and resilient strategy for mitigating the public health burden of vector-borne diseases.

RosettaHDX: Predicting antibody-antigen interaction from hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry data.

High-throughput characterization of antibody-antigen complexes at the atomic level is critical for understanding antibody function enabling therapeutic development. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) enables rapid epitope mapping, but its data are too sparse for independent structure determination. In this study, we introduce RosettaHDX, a hybrid method that combines computational docking with differential HDX-MS data to enhance the accuracy of antibody-antigen complex models beyond what either method can achieve individually.

WelQrate: Defining the Gold Standard in Small Molecule Drug Discovery Benchmarking.

While deep learning has revolutionized computer-aided drug discovery, the AI community has predominantly focused on model innovation and placed less emphasis on establishing best benchmarking practices. We posit that without a sound model evaluation framework, the AI community's efforts cannot reach their full potential, thereby slowing the progress and transfer of innovation into real-world drug discovery. Thus, in this paper, we seek to establish a new gold standard for small molecule drug discovery benchmarking, .

CACHE Challenge #1: Targeting the WDR Domain of LRRK2, A Parkinson's Disease Associated Protein.

The CACHE challenges are a series of prospective benchmarking exercises to evaluate progress in the field of computational hit-finding. Here we report the results of the inaugural CACHE challenge in which 23 computational teams each selected up to 100 commercially available compounds that they predicted would bind to the WDR domain of the Parkinson's disease target LRRK2, a domain with no known ligand and only an apo structure in the PDB. The lack of known binding data and presumably low druggability of the target is a challenge to computational hit finding methods.

Unlocking the Potential of Computed Tomography-Guided Tracers in Pinpointing Lung Lesions during Surgery: A Collaborative Multi-Institutional Journey.

Multiple techniques exist for the preoperative localization of small, deeply located solid or subsolid pulmonary nodules to guide limited thoracoscopic resection. This study aims to conduct a multi-institutional comparison of three different tomography-guided tracers' methods. A retrospective multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted.

Posttranslationally modified self-peptides promote hypertension in mouse models.

Posttranslational modifications can enhance immunogenicity of self-proteins. In several conditions, including hypertension, systemic lupus erythematosus, and heart failure, isolevuglandins (IsoLGs) are formed by lipid peroxidation and covalently bond with protein lysine residues. Here, we show that the murine class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) variant H-2Db uniquely presents isoLG-modified peptides and developed a computational pipeline that identifies structural features for MHC-I accommodation of such peptides.

Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, Metainflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Cardiovascular Diseases: Unraveling Pathways.

Glycolipid metabolic disorders (GLMDs) are various metabolic disorders resulting from dysregulation in glycolipid levels, consequently leading to an increased risk of obesity, diabetes, liver dysfunction, neuromuscular complications, and cardiorenal vascular diseases (CRVDs). In patients with GLMDs, excess caloric intake and a lack of physical activity may contribute to oxidative stress (OxS) and systemic inflammation. This study aimed to review the connection between GLMD, OxS, metainflammation, and the onset of CRVD.

Epilepsy as a Novel Phenotype of BPTF-Related Disorders.

Background: Neurodevelopmental disorder with dysmorphic facies and distal limb anomalies (NEDDFL) is associated to BPTF gene haploinsufficiency. Epilepsy was not included in the initial descriptions of NEDDFL, but emerging evidence indicates that epileptic seizures occur in some affected individuals. This study aims to investigate the electroclinical epilepsy features in individuals with NEDDFL.

Influence of Front-End Electronics on Metrological Performance of QCM Systems.

Quartz Crystal Microbalances (QCMs) are versatile sensors employed in various fields, from environmental monitoring to biomedical applications, owing mainly to their very high sensitivity. However, the assessment of their metrological performance, including the impact of conditioning circuits, digital processing algorithms, and working conditions, is a complex and novel area of study. The purpose of this work is to investigate and understand the measurement errors associated with different QCM measurement techniques, specifically focusing on the influence of conditioning electronic circuits.

LACC Trial: Final Analysis on Overall Survival Comparing Open Versus Minimally Invasive Radical Hysterectomy for Early-Stage Cervical Cancer.

JCO The aim of this study was to compare overall survival between open and minimally invasive radical hysterectomy with participants followed for 4.5 years. The primary objective was to evaluate whether minimally invasive surgery was noninferior in disease-free survival (DFS) to abdominal radical hysterectomy.

Microbiota characterization throughout the digestive tract of horses fed a high-fiber vs. a high-starch diet.

Introduction: Diet is one of the main factors influencing the intestinal microbiota in horses, yet a systematic characterization of the microbiota along the length of the digestive tract in clinically healthy horses, homogenous for age and breed and receiving a specific diet is lacking.

Methods: The study used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to characterize the microbiota of the intestinal tracts of 19 healthy Bardigiano horses of 14.3  ±  0.

Computational Design of Novel Cyclic Peptides Endowed with Autophagy-Inhibiting Activity on Cancer Cell Lines.

(1) Autophagy plays a significant role in development and cell proliferation. This process is mainly accomplished by the LC3 protein, which, after maturation, builds the nascent autophagosomes. The inhibition of LC3 maturation results in the interference of autophagy activation.

REvoLd: Ultra-Large Library Screening with an Evolutionary Algorithm in Rosetta.

Ultra-large make-on-demand compound libraries now contain billions of readily available compounds. This represents a golden opportunity for in-silico drug discovery. One challenge, however, is the time and computational cost of an exhaustive screen of such large libraries when receptor flexibility is taken into account.

Controversies in IPAA for Ulcerative Colitis: A Systematic Review of Different Anastomotic Techniques.

Background: Available techniques for IPAA in ulcerative colitis include handsewn, double-stapled, and single-stapled anastomoses. There are controversies, indications, and different outcomes regarding these techniques.

Objective: To describe technical details, indications, and outcomes of 3 specific types of anastomoses in restorative proctocolectomy.

Impact of data transfer between treatment planning systems on dosimetric parameters.

Purpose: In radiotherapy it is often necessary to transfer a patient's DICOM (Digital Imaging and COmmunications in Medicine) dataset from one system to another for re-treatment, plan-summation or registration purposes. The aim of the study is to evaluate effects of dataset transfer between treatment planning systems.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-five patients treated in a 0.

The Metabolic Impact of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease on Cognitive Dysfunction: A Comprehensive Clinical and Pathophysiological Review.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) exponentially affects the global healthcare burden, and it is currently gaining increasing interest in relation to its potential impact on central nervous system (CNS) diseases, especially concerning cognitive deterioration and dementias. Overall, scientific research nowadays extends to different levels, exploring NAFLD's putative proinflammatory mechanism of such dysmetabolic conditions, spreading out from the liver to a multisystemic involvement. The aim of this review is to analyze the most recent scientific literature on cognitive involvement in NAFLD, as well as understand its underlying potential background processes, i.

Infection through Hybridization to Enhance an Incompatible Insect Technique-Based Suppression of in Eastern Spain.

The emergence of insecticide resistance in arbovirus vectors is putting the focus on the development of new strategies for control. In this regard, the exploitation of endosymbionts is receiving increasing attention due to its demonstrated effectiveness in reducing the vectorial capacity of mosquitoes. Here, we describe the establishment of a naïve infection in a wild population of eastern Spain through a hybridization approach to obtain males capable of sterilizing wild females.

Recent Advances in Automated Structure-Based De Novo Drug Design.

As the number of determined and predicted protein structures and the size of druglike 'make-on-demand' libraries soar, the time-consuming nature of structure-based computer-aided drug design calls for innovative computational algorithms. drug design introduces heuristics to accelerate searching in the vast chemical space. This review focuses on recent advances in structure-based drug design, ranging from conventional fragment-based methods, evolutionary algorithms, and Metropolis Monte Carlo methods to deep generative models.

Allele and genotype frequencies for primary hereditary cataract, multifocal retinopathy 1, and degenerative myelopathy in Pyrenean Mountain dog from Italy.

Pyrenean Mountain Dog (PMD) is an ancient dog breed firstly described in XIV century in the Pyrenees Region and nowadays diffused both in Europe and in the US. Hereditary Cataract (HC), defined as the inherited opacity of the lens, involves clinical signs ranging from reduced vision to glaucoma. A molecular basis of HC was firstly described in Staffordshire Bull Terriers and then reported in multiple canine breeds.

Osteochondrodysplasia and the c.1024G>T variant of gene in Scottish Fold cats: genetic and radiographic evaluation.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to investigate the c.1024G>T SNP in the gene in Scottish Straight and Fold cats, and to evaluate the pattern of skeletal phenotype and the evolution of radiological signs of Scottish Fold osteochondrodysplasia (SFOCD) over time in heterozygous subjects.

Methods: DNA was obtained from blood samples of 17 cats (Scottish Fold: n = 12; Scottish Straight: n = 5) and subsequently genotyped by sequencing in a 249 bp region of the gene (exon 6), including the known c.

Why we should care about gas pockets in online adaptive MRgRT: a dosimetric evaluation.

Introduction: Contouring of gas pockets is a time consuming step in the workflow of adaptive radiotherapy. We would like to better understand which gas pockets electronic densitiy should be used and the dosimetric impact on adaptive MRgRT treatment.

Materials And Methods: 21 CT scans of patients undergoing SBRT were retrospectively evaluated.

The Gut-Liver-Brain Axis: From the Head to the Feet.

The gut-liver-brain axis, a multifaceted network of communication, intricately connects the enteric, hepatic, and central nervous systems [...