Active Learning Guided Computational Discovery of Plant-Based Redoxmers for Organic Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries.

Organic nonaqueous redox flow batteries (O-NRFBs) are promising energy storage devices due to their scalability and reliance on sourceable materials. However, finding suitable redox-active organic molecules (redoxmers) for these batteries remains a challenge. Using plant-based compounds as precursors for these redoxmers can decrease their costs and environmental toxicity.

Fracture-matrix fluid exchange in oil-bearing unconventional mudstones.

The poromechanical properties of unconventional reservoir materials are in large part dictated by their mineralogy. Since these properties govern the response to stress experienced during hydraulic fracturing, fluid production, and fluid injection, they play a central role in the formation of microcracks or bedding delaminations which ultimately dominate mass transport. In this work we study access to the porosity of end member unconventional reservoir materials, where the end members are predominantly dictated by carbonate content.

Precision Recruitment and Engagement of Individuals at Risk for Diabetes and Hypertension in Clinical Trials (PREDHICT): A Randomized Trial for an E-Persuasive Mobile Application to Inform Decision Making about Clinical Trials.

The primary objective of this randomized trial was to test the effectiveness of the PREDHiCT digital application, which provides educational and supportive navigation to increase willingness to participate in a future clinical trial. The second objective was to test whether PREDHiCT increased clinical trial literacy or enhanced psychological facilitators of clinical trial participation, such as altruism. To test these two objectives, we conducted a 1-month remote decentralized trial with 100 participants who either have a personal or family history of cardiometabolic health conditions, such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity.

Ten simple rules for managing laboratory information.

Information is the cornerstone of research, from experimental (meta)data and computational processes to complex inventories of reagents and equipment. These 10 simple rules discuss best practices for leveraging laboratory information management systems to transform this large information load into useful scientific findings.

Clinical outcomes of Indigenous Australians and New Zealand Māori with metabolic acidosis and acidaemia.

To assess the incidence and impact of metabolic acidosis in Indigenous and non-Indigenous patients Retrospective study. Adult intensive care units (ICUs) from Australia and New Zealand. Patients aged 16 years or older admitted to an Australian or New Zealand ICU in one of 195 contributing ICUs between January 2019 and December 2020 who had metabolic acidosis, defined as pH < 7.

Improving health literacy of antibiotic use in people with cystic fibrosis (CF)-comparison of the readability of patient information leaflets (PILs) from the EU, USA and UK of 23 CF-related antibiotics used in the treatment of CF respiratory infections.

Background: Antibiotic adherence is poor amongst people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Low-quality patient information leaflets (PILs), which accompany prescription antibiotics, with poor readability may contribute to poor antibiotic adherence, with the potential for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) development. The aim of this study was to examine the readability of antibiotic PILs used to treat CF lung infections.

Game changers: do new medications make lifestyle-based treatment of obesity obsolete?

Historically, obesity was viewed as a lifestyle disease, with an associated lifestyle solution, and approaches that embody the "eat less, move more" idea have dominated obesity treatment recommendations for over half a century. Meanwhile, the prevalence and severity of obesity continue to increase globally. Enter the so-called "game changers": glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists.

Hemodynamics, survival and neurological function with early versus delayed automated head-up CPR in a porcine model of prolonged cardiac arrest.

Aim: To determine if controlled head and thorax elevation, active compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and an impedance threshold device combined, termed automated head-up positioning CPR (AHUP-CPR), should be initiated early, as a basic (BLS) intervention, or later, as an advanced (ALS) intervention, in a severe porcine model of cardiac arrest.

Methods: Yorkshire pigs (n = 22) weighing ∼40 kg were anesthetized and ventilated. After 15 minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation, pigs were randomized to AHUP-CPR for 25 minutes (BLS group) or conventional CPR for 10 minutes, followed by 15 minutes of AHUP-CPR (ALS group).

Drivers of soil microbial and detritivore activity across global grasslands.

Covering approximately 40% of land surfaces, grasslands provide critical ecosystem services that rely on soil organisms. However, the global determinants of soil biodiversity and functioning remain underexplored. In this study, we investigate the drivers of soil microbial and detritivore activity in grasslands across a wide range of climatic conditions on five continents.

Large head metal-on-metal bearing surface with a TMZF titanium alloy femoral stem with high rates of revision and trunnion failure.

Background: Mechanically assisted crevice corrosion at the head-neck interface puts implants at risk of trunnionosis, femoral head dissociation, implant failure and the development of metallosis. Metal-on-Metal bearings have very low wear rates, significantly lower than metal-on-polytethylene, but their wear results in cobalt and chromium ion systemic distribution. This is a study of the MITCH metal-on-metal bearing surface coupled with an Accolade TMZF stem.

Peripheral Blood Haploidentical Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Older Adults with Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes Demonstrates Long Term Survival, Results from Australia and New Zealand Transplant and Cellular Therapies.

There is a limited body of evidence for haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) in older patients. Previous studies have used a high proportion of bone marrow-derived grafts and a variety of conditioning regimens. In Australia and New Zealand, haplo-HCST is predominantly performed using peripheral blood (PB) with universal use of post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy).

Association between Patient Race and Ethnicity and Use of Invasive Ventilation in the United States.

Outcomes for people with respiratory failure in the United States vary by patient race and ethnicity. Invasive ventilation is an important treatment initiated based on expert opinion. It is unknown whether the use of invasive ventilation varies by patient race and ethnicity.

Corrigendum: : personalized vaccine risk communication.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.

Ergothioneine: an underrecognised dietary micronutrient required for healthy ageing?

Ergothioneine is a naturally occurring amino acid and thiol antioxidant found in high amounts in mushrooms and fermented foods. Humans and animals acquire ergothioneine from the diet through the pH-dependent activity of a membrane transporter, the large solute carrier 22A member 4 (SLC22A4), expressed on the apical membrane of the small intestine. The SLC22A4 transporter also functions in the renal reabsorption of ergothioneine in the kidney, with avid absorption and retention of ergothioneine from the diet observed in both animals and humans.

Sex-associated differences in frequencies and prognostic impact of recurrent genetic alterations in adult acute myeloid leukemia (Alliance, AMLCG).

Clinical outcome of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with demographic and genetic features. Although the associations of acquired genetic alterations with patients' sex have been recently analyzed, their impact on outcome of female and male patients has not yet been comprehensively assessed. We performed mutational profiling, cytogenetic and outcome analyses in 1726 adults with AML (749 female and 977 male) treated on frontline Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology protocols.

Evaluation of the performance of a lateral flow device for quantitative detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG.

Introduction: The AbC-19™ lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) performance was evaluated on plasma samples from a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination cohort, WHO international standards for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG (human), individuals ≥2 weeks from infection of RT-PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants, as well as microorganism serology.

Methods: Pre-vaccination to three weeks post-booster samples were collected from a cohort of 111 patients (including clinically extremely vulnerable patients) from Northern Ireland. All patients received Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccination for the first and second dose, and Pfizer-BioNTech for the third (first booster).

Essential content for teaching implementation practice in healthcare: a mixed-methods study of teams offering capacity-building initiatives.

Background: Applying the knowledge gained through implementation science can support the uptake of research evidence into practice; however, those doing and supporting implementation (implementation practitioners) may face barriers to applying implementation science in their work. One strategy to enhance individuals' and teams' ability to apply implementation science in practice is through training and professional development opportunities (capacity-building initiatives). Although there is an increasing demand for and offerings of implementation practice capacity-building initiatives, there is no universal agreement on what content should be included.

Better informing everyday fall risk assessment: experimental studies with contemporary technologies.

Background: Age-related mobility issues and frailty are a major public health concern because of an increased risk of falls. Subjective assessment of fall risk in the clinic is limited, failing to account for an individual's habitual activities in the home or community. Equally, objective mobility trackers for use in the home and community lack extrinsic (ie, environmental) data capture to comprehensively inform fall risk.

From nature to industry: Harnessing enzymes for biocatalysis.

Biocatalysis harnesses enzymes to make valuable products. This green technology is used in countless applications from bench scale to industrial production and allows practitioners to access complex organic molecules, often with fewer synthetic steps and reduced waste. The last decade has seen an explosion in the development of experimental and computational tools to tailor enzymatic properties, equipping enzyme engineers with the ability to create biocatalysts that perform reactions not present in nature.