Essential oils: a systematic review on revolutionizing health, nutrition, and omics for optimal well-being.

Purpose: Essential oils from various plants have diverse therapeutic properties and are researched extensively. They have applications in medicine, aromatherapy, microbiology, agriculture, livestock, and the food industry, benefiting the population.

Methods: This systematic review followed the PRISMA verification protocol.

Absence of High Lipoprotein(a) Levels Is an Independent Predictor of Acute Myocardial Infarction without Coronary Lesions.

The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease (MINOCA) are still under debate. Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] has proinflammatory and prothrombotic actions and has been involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. However, no previous studies have linked Lp(a) levels with the probability of developing MINOCA.

Building Programs to Eradicate Toxoplasmosis Part I: Introduction and Overview.

Purpose Of Review: Review building of programs to eliminate infections.

Recent Findings: Morbidity and mortality from toxoplasmosis led to programs in USA, Panama, and Colombia to facilitate understanding, treatment, prevention, and regional resources, incorporating student work.

Summary: Studies foundational for building recent, regional approaches/programs are reviewed.

Disseminated paracoccidioidomycosis associated with lymph node tuberculosis in a non immunocompromised child.

The association of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) and tuberculosis (TB) produces an uncommon hyperinflammatory syndrome, causing multiorgan dysfunction. TB associated PCM is a rare condition, but it is fatal if not treated. Herein, we present a immunocompetent child who is admitted for fever and painful lymphadenopathy, with evidence of acid-alcohol-resistant bacillus (AARB) in cervical lymph node biopsy, antituberculous treatment was started with partial clinical improvement and is given discharge from hospital.

Tracking the impact of COVID-19 on economic inequality at high frequency.

Pandemics have historically had a significant impact on economic inequality. However, official inequality statistics are only available at low frequency and with considerable delay, which challenges policymakers in their objective to mitigate inequality and fine-tune public policies. We show that using data from bank records it is possible to measure economic inequality at high frequency.

Evaluation of a Mastery Learning Intervention on Hospitalists' Code Status Discussion Skills.

Context: Although code status discussions (CSD) occur frequently in the hospital setting, discussions often lack content necessary for informed decision making. Simulation-based mastery learning (SBML) has been used to improve clinical skills among resident physicians and may provide a novel way to improve hospitalists' CSD skills.

Objectives: The objective of this pilot randomized controlled trial was to develop and evaluate a CSD SBML intervention for hospitalists.

Laparoscopic splenectomy for primary immune thrombocytopenia: clinical outcome and prognostic factors.

Background: Laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) is considered the standard treatment for patients with refractory primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).

Patients And Methods: All patients with ITP who underwent LS during the last 17 years and who had a minimum follow-up of 1 year were included. Several perioperative variables such as age, platelet count, and duration of preoperative therapy were recorded and analyzed, looking for potential predictive variables of clinical response.

RTP801 regulates maneb- and mancozeb-induced cytotoxicity via NF-κB.

Environmental factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Maneb (MB) and mancozeb (MZ) have been extensively used as pesticides. Exposure to MB lowers the threshold for dopaminergic damage triggered by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine.

Anxiolytic effects of oxytocin in cue-induced cocaine seeking behavior in rats.

Rationale: Oxytocin (OT) is a neuropeptide previously related to reward, learning, memory, and stress, events associated with cocaine addiction. OT has shown anxiolytic properties in different animal models of anxiety. Moreover, previous data have demonstrated an increase in mRNA OT levels within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) following acute and chronic cocaine exposure in rats.

Proton radiography peers into metal solidification.

Historically, metals are cut up and polished to see the structure and to infer how processing influences the evolution. We can now peer into a metal during processing without destroying it using proton radiography. Understanding the link between processing and structure is important because structure profoundly affects the properties of engineering materials.

Influence of gravidity and foetal gender on the value of screening variables in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Objectives: Combined screening for chromosome abnormalities in the first trimester of pregnancy is based on maternal age, nuchal translucency (NT) and biochemical markers (PAPP-A and free β-hCG). We sought to assess the value of the variables used in the combined screening strategy taking into account maternal gravidity and foetal gender.

Study Design: Between July 1999 and December 2009, a total of 21,193 singleton pregnancies were screened for aneuploidy in the first trimester, in the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (Madrid, Spain).

ROCK1 & 2 perform overlapping and unique roles in angiogenesis and angiosarcoma tumor progression.

The serine/threonine protein kinase paralogs ROCK1 & 2 have been implicated as essential modulators of angiogenesis; however their paralog-specific roles in endothelial function are unknown. shRNA knockdown of ROCK1 or 2 in endothelial cells resulted in a significant disruption of in vitro capillary network formation, cell polarization, and cell migration compared to cells harboring non-targeting control shRNA plasmids. Knockdowns led to alterations in cytoskeletal dynamics due to ROCK1 & 2-mediated reductions in actin isoform expression, and ROCK2-specific reduction in myosin phosphatase and cofilin phosphorylation.

First trimester screening for aneuploidies in successive pregnancies: correlations between markers.

Objectives: Screening for chromosomal abnormalities in the first trimester of pregnancy is based on maternal age, nuchal translucency (NT), and biochemical markers (pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and free beta human chorionic gonadotrophin). We have assessed the influence of screenings and outcomes in previous pregnancies on screenings in subsequent pregnancies.

Methods: Retrospective study of the correlation between the variables of first trimester combined screening for chromosome abnormalities in patients with subsequent pregnancies.

Small molecule inhibition of cytoskeletal dynamics in melanoma tumors results in altered transcriptional expression patterns of key genes involved in tumor initiation and progression.

Background: Rho kinase signaling plays an important role in the oncogenic process largely through its regulation of F-actin dynamics, and inhibition of this pathway results in reduction in tumor volume and metastasis across a number of tumor types. While the cytoskeletal-regulatory role of Rho kinase has been a topic of in-depth study, the mechanisms linking Rho kinase to altered gene expression are largely unknown.

Materials And Methods: Global gene expression analysis was performed on melanoma tumors treated with sham or the small molecule inhibitor Y27632.

Aortic root surgery does not increase the operative risk of acute type A aortic dissection.

Controversy exists regarding aortic root reconstruction in the management of acute type A aortic dissection (AAD). One hundred fifty-four patients (mean age 56.9 ± 11.

Pharmacological inhibition of Rho-kinase (ROCK) signaling enhances cisplatin resistance in neuroblastoma cells.

The role of the RhoA/Rho kinase (ROCK) signaling pathway in cell survival remains a very controversial issue, with its activation being pro-apoptotic in many cell types and anti-apoptotic in others. To test if ROCK inhibition contributes to tumor cell survival or death following chemotherapy, we treated cisplatin damaged neuroblastoma cells with a pharmacological ROCK inhibitor (Y27632) or sham, and monitored cell survival, accumulation of a chemoresistant phenotype, and in vivo tumor formation. Additionally, we assayed if ROCK inhibition altered the expression of genes known to be involved in cisplatin resistance.

Who wants to work in a rural health post? The role of intrinsic motivation, rural background and faith-based institutions in Ethiopia and Rwanda.

Objective: To understand the factors influencing health workers' choice to work in rural areas as a basis for designing policies to redress geographic imbalances in health worker distribution.

Methods: A cohort survey of 412 nursing and medical students in Rwanda provided unique contingent valuation data. Using these data, we performed a regression analysis to examine the determinants of future health workers' willingness to work in rural areas as measured by rural reservation wages.

Coarse WDM networking of self-referenced fiber-optic intensity sensors with reconfigurable characteristics.

A CWDM network operating in reflective configuration for multiplexing remote Radio-Frequency (RF) self-referenced fiber-optic intensity sensors is analyzed and experimentally investigated. In the described approach, the use of fiber Bragg gratings as spectral selective mirrors allows to implement delay lines in the electrical domain, achieving more compact sensor-heads and easy-reconfigurable sensing points. Two measurement parameters for the sensing heads are defined and comparatively studied in terms of design parameters, linearity, sensitivity and resolution.

[Prevalence of frailty in an elderly Spanish urban population. Relationship with comorbidity and disability].

Aim: To estimate prevalence of frailty, by Fried criteria, in a Spanish urban old population, and to analyse relationship with comorbidity and disability.

Population: Aged ≥ 65 living in Peñagrande area (Fuencarral district in Madrid, Spain).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Zygomatic intraosseous haemangioma: reconstruction with an alloplastic prosthesis based on a 3-D model.

Intraosseous haemangioma are rare, benign tumours, and only rarely do they involve the facial bones. We present a singular case of zygomatic intraosseous haemangioma treated surgically and reconstructed with a methyl-methacrylate alloplastic prosthesis designed from a computed tomography (CT)-based 3D model. This is the first case described in the literature of a zygomatic reconstruction with a predesigned prosthesis.

Arginine vasopressin gene expression changes within the nucleus accumbens during environment elicited cocaine-conditioned response in rats.

It is known that changes in gene expression within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) occur during cocaine dependence development. However, identification of specific genes involved in cocaine conditioning awaits further investigation. We conducted a high throughput gene expression profile analysis of the NAc, during different stages of the environment-elicited cocaine conditioning.

Metastatic benign pleomorphic adenoma. Report of a case and review of the literature.

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA), originally called mixed tumour, is the most common neoplasm of the salivary glands and is generally accepted as benign biologically. Occasionally PA may give rise to metastasis. The metastasis may develop in a PA in which a malignant transformation occurs, either arising a carcinoma in the PA (carcinoma ex-mixed tumour) or as a carcinosarcoma (so-called true malignant mixed tumour).