Inbreeding and Gallbladder Cancer Risk: Homozygosity Associations Adjusted for Indigenous American Ancestry, BMI, and Genetic Risk of Gallstone Disease.

Latin Americans have a rich genetic make-up that translates into heterogeneous fractions of the autosomal genome in runs of homozygosity (F) and heterogeneous types and proportions of indigenous American ancestry. While autozygosity has been linked to several human diseases, very little is known about the relationship between inbreeding, genetic ancestry, and cancer risk in Latin Americans. Chile has one of the highest incidences of gallbladder cancer (GBC) in the world, and we investigated the association between inbreeding, GBC, gallstone disease (GSD), and body mass index (BMI) in 4029 genetically admixed Chileans.

Skin-iDISCO: An optimized tissue-clearing and labeling protocol for morphometric analysis of human cutaneous vasculature.

Tissue clearing enables deep imaging of long biological structures using light microscopy approaches. Protocols such as iDISCO are not currently available for human skin. Here, we present Skin-iDISCO, a tissue-clearing and labeling protocol for morphometric analysis of human cutaneous vasculature.

Energy metabolism rewiring following acute UVB irradiation is largely dependent on nuclear DNA damage.

Solar ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation-induced DNA damage is a well-known initiator of skin carcinomas. The UVB-induced DNA damage response (DDR) involves series of signaling cascades that are activated to maintain cell integrity. Among the different biological processes, little is known about the role of energy metabolism in the DDR.

Keeping schools open during the emergence of the COVID-19 alpha variant: Impact on the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 among children during the 2020-2021 school year: Epidemiology of COVID-19 in children and adolescents during the 2020-2021 school year in France.

Background: During 2020-2021, in the context of increasing SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the general population, French authorities made the decision to keep schools open and set up massive screening campaigns for students. Here, we describe the impact of this strategy on the circulation of SARS-COV-2 among children and adolescents during this period.

Methods: We analyzed SARS-COV-2 surveillance data provided by the French National Public Health Agency for the 2020-2021 school year along with the results of school-based screening campaigns implemented by the Ministry of National Education.

Gallbladder Cancer Risk and Indigenous South American Mapuche Ancestry: Instrumental Variable Analysis Using Ancestry-Informative Markers.

A strong association between the proportion of indigenous South American Mapuche ancestry and the risk of gallbladder cancer (GBC) has been reported in observational studies. Chileans show the highest incidence of GBC worldwide, and the Mapuche are the largest indigenous people in Chile. We set out to assess the confounding-free effect of the individual proportion of Mapuche ancestry on GBC risk and to investigate the mediating effects of gallstone disease and body mass index (BMI) on this association.

Brokerage rents and intermediation networks.

This paper provides experimental evidence on the economic determinants of intermediation networks by considering two pricing rules-respectively, criticality and betweenness-and three group sizes of subjects-10, 50, and 100 subjects. We find that when brokerage benefits accrue only to traders who lie on all paths of intermediation, stable networks involve interconnected cycles, and trading path lengths grow while linking and payoff inequality remain modest as the number of traders grows. By contrast, when brokerage benefits are equally distributed among traders on the shortest paths, stable networks contain a few hubs that provide the vast majority of links, and trading path lengths remain unchanged while linking and payoff inequality explode as the number of traders grows.

Combining crop-exposure matrices and land use data to estimate indices of environmental and occupational exposure to pesticides.

Background: Exposure assessment represents a major challenge for studies on the relation between pesticides and health.

Objective: We developed a method combining information from crop-exposure matrices (CEMs) and land use data, in order to compute indices of environmental and occupational pesticide exposure. We illustrate our approach using French data (1979-2010).

Development and internal validation of a multifactorial risk prediction model for gallbladder cancer in a high-incidence country.

Since 2006, Chile has been implementing a gallbladder cancer (GBC) prevention program based on prophylactic cholecystectomy for gallstone patients aged 35 to 49 years. The effectiveness of this prevention program has not yet been comprehensively evaluated. We conducted a retrospective study of 473 Chilean GBC patients and 2137 population-based controls to develop and internally validate three GBC risk prediction models.

Effects of 5G-modulated 3.5 GHz radiofrequency field exposures on HSF1, RAS, ERK, and PML activation in live fibroblasts and keratinocytes cells.

The potential health risks of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from mobile communications technologies have raised societal concerns. Guidelines have been set to protect the population (e.g.

Spillover effects of competition outcome on future risky cooperation.

There is growing evidence that risky cooperation is regulated by the experience of previous interactions with others. However, it is unclear how the evaluation of outcomes from competitive interactions can affect individuals' subsequent cooperative behavior. To address this issue, we examined how participants cooperated with a partner having just competed with them.

ERPs responses to dominance features from human faces.

Social dominance is an important feature of social life. Dominance has been proposed to be one of two trait dimensions underpinning social judgments of human faces. Yet, the neural bases of the ability to identify different dominance levels in others based on intrinsically facial cues remains poorly understood.

A retrospective analysis of all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates in French male professional footballers.

This study retrospectively compared all-cause and cause-specific mortality in French male professional football players with data from France's national population. Altogether, 6114 individuals born in Metropolitan France or in one of its overseas territories who played at least one competitive match in France's professional football championships between January 1, 1968 and December 31, 2015, were identified and followed up for vital status obtained from a national reference database until December 31, 2015. Data on all-cause and cause-specific mortality were subsequently compared to the expected number of deaths for the national population after standardization for the year, age, and sex.

Is Infantile Hemangioma a Neuroendocrine Tumor?

Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most common infantile tumor, affecting 5-10% of newborns. Propranolol, a nonselective β-adrenergic receptor (ADRB) antagonist, is currently the first-line treatment for severe IH; however, both its mechanism of action and its main cellular target remain poorly understood. Since betablockers can antagonize the effect of natural ADRB agonists, we postulated that the catecholamine produced in situ in IH may have a role in the propranolol response.

Incidence of Parkinson's disease in French women from the E3N cohort study over 27 years of follow-up.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an uncommon disease with a long prodromal period and higher incidence in men than women. Large cohort studies of women with a long follow-up are needed. Within the E3N French cohort study (98,995 women, 40-65 years at baseline), we identified 3,584 participants who self-reported PD or used anti-parkinsonian drugs over 27 years (1992-2018).

Identification of Circulating lncRNAs Associated with Gallbladder Cancer Risk by Tissue-Based Preselection, Cis-eQTL Validation, and Analysis of Association with Genotype-Based Expression.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play key roles in cell processes and are good candidates for cancer risk prediction. Few studies have investigated the association between individual genotypes and lncRNA expression. Here we integrate three separate datasets with information on lncRNA expression only, both lncRNA expression and genotype, and genotype information only to identify circulating lncRNAs associated with the risk of gallbladder cancer () using robust linear and logistic regression techniques.

Pesticides expenditures by farming type and incidence of Parkinson disease in farmers: A French nationwide study.

Background: Professional pesticides exposure is associated with PD risk, but it remains unclear whether specific products, which strongly depend on farming type, are specifically involved. We performed a nationwide ecological study to examine the association of pesticides expenditures for the main farming types with PD incidence in French farmers.

Methods: We used the French National Health Insurance database to identify incident PD cases in farmers (2010-2015).

Increased Risk of Parkinson's Disease in Women after Bilateral Oophorectomy.

Background: Results regarding the association between hormonal exposure and risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) are heterogeneous.

Objectives: To investigate the association of reproductive life characteristics with PD among postmenopausal women.

Methods: The PARTAGE case-control included 130 female cases and 255 age-matched female controls.

Learning About the Effects of Alert Uncertainty in Attack and Defend Decisions via Cognitive Modeling.

Objective: We aim to learn about the cognitive mechanisms governing the decisions of attackers and defenders in cybersecurity involving intrusion detection systems (IDSs).

Background: Prior research has experimentally studied the role of the presence and accuracy of IDS alerts on attacker's and defender's decisions using a game-theoretic approach. However, little is known about the cognitive mechanisms that govern these decisions.

Effect of network topology and node centrality on trading.

Global supply networks in agriculture, manufacturing, and services are a defining feature of the modern world. The efficiency and the distribution of surpluses across different parts of these networks depend on the choices of intermediaries. This paper conducts price formation experiments with human subjects located in large complex networks to develop a better understanding of the principles governing behavior.

Decreased CCN3 in Systemic Sclerosis Endothelial Cells Contributes to Impaired Angiogenesis.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare and severe connective tissue disease combining autoimmune and vasculopathy features, ultimately leading to organ fibrosis. Impaired angiogenesis is an often silent and life-threatening complication of the disease. We hypothesize that CCN3, a member of the CCN family of extracellular matrix proteins, which is an antagonist of the profibrotic protein CCN2 as well as a proangiogenic factor, is implicated in SSc pathophysiology.

Is the incidence of motor neuron disease higher in French military personnel?

Previous studies, mostly from the United States, showed an increased risk of motor neuron disease (MND) in military personnel. We compared MND incidence rates in French military personnel to that in the general population. Among persons covered between 2010 and 2016 by the (CNMSS, military personnel) and the (CNAMTS, general population) aged ≥50 years, we identified incident MND cases and estimated populations at risk using national health insurance databases.