Defective glycosylation and ELFN1 binding of mGluR6 congenital stationary night blindness mutants.

Synaptic transmission from photoreceptors to ON-bipolar cells (BCs) requires the postsynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR6, located at BC dendritic tips. Binding of the neurotransmitter glutamate initiates G protein signaling that regulates the TRPM1 transduction channel. mGluR6 also interacts with presynaptic ELFN adhesion proteins, and these interactions are important for mGluR6 synaptic localization.

Prospective evaluation of a residency preparation checklist for PGY1 match success.

Disclaimer: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.

Intensive Narrative Exposure Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A 1-Week Intervention.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with some of the poorest mental and physical health outcomes. There is often high dropout from treatment for PTSD, especially among those who have experienced chronic or multiple traumatic events. One increasingly popular PTSD treatment delivery model targeting treatment retention is intensive treatment delivery.

Clinical Considerations for an Evidence-Based Assessment of Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents.

This article provides an overview of evidence-based assessment (EBA) of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. First, this article provides an overview of using clinician-rated scales in the diagnostic process. Second, this article reviews the clinical utility of clinician-rated measures, and parent-report and youth-report measures to characterize anxiety severity and monitor treatment response in clinical practice.

Clinical Considerations for an Evidence-Based Assessment of Anxiety Disorders in Adults.

Evidence-based assessment (EBA) is critical for successful diagnosis and treatment of adult anxiety disorders. First, diagnostic interviews are reviewed with emphasis on how these tools can be used inform clinical diagnoses. Second, clinician-rated measures and self-report scales used to characterize anxiety symptom severity in adults are discussed.

Practice Patterns Vary Widely in the Care of Pediatric and Adolescent Pelvic and Acetabular Fractures: A CORTICES Survey.

Introduction: Pediatric pelvic and acetabular fractures are rare but potentially devastating injuries and significant management variation exists across the United States. This study sought to elucidate treatment decision-making trends, involvement of adult trauma fellowship-trained surgeons in pediatric care, and pre- and postoperative transfer patterns.

Methods: Pediatric orthopaedic surgeons who serve as trauma liaisons at 20 PTCs were surveyed regarding training, practice volume, and factors contributing to institutional management of pelvic and acetabular injuries.

Trends in Cannabis-related Hospitalizations in Arizona from 2016-2021 and Associations with Mental Health-related Hospitalizations.

Objective: To examine trends in cannabis-related hospital visits in Arizona from 2016-2021 and associations with hospital visits for a mental health condition.

Methods: Data were emergency department and inpatient hospital discharge records from all Arizona licensed hospitals from 2016-2021. Records comprised 18,758,614 hospital visits.

Trace detection of styphnate from pre- and post-blast samples by hydrophilic interaction chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.

Rationale: Although ubiquitous in explosives and ammunition, few trace methods for detection of heavy metal-containing primary explosives from forensic samples are currently in practice.

Methods: Extracts of cotton swabs or direct sampling of items were cleaned up using solid-phase extraction to remove heavy metal contaminants (i.e.

ARFID Parent Training Protocol ("ARFID-PTP"): Results of a Randomized Pilot Trial Evaluating a Brief, Parent-Training Program for Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder.

Objective: Accessible treatment options for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) in children are limited. The current study sought to assess acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of a brief, virtual intervention for ARFID in children ("ARFID-PTP").

Method: Families of children ages 5-12 with ARFID (n = 30) were randomized to immediate or waitlist treatment groups, with both groups ultimately receiving ARFID-PTP.

Transforming gastrointestinal helminth parasite identification in vertebrate hosts with metabarcoding: a systematic review.

Background: Gastrointestinal helminths are a very widespread group of intestinal parasites that can cause major health issues in their hosts, including severe illness or death. Traditional methods of helminth parasite identification using microscopy are time-consuming and poor in terms of taxonomic resolution, and require skilled observers. DNA metabarcoding has emerged as a powerful alternative for assessing community composition in a variety of sample types over the last few decades.

Health Equity and Perinatal Mental Health.

Purpose Of Review: Pregnancy and the postpartum period are vulnerable times to experience psychiatric symptoms. Our goal was to describe existing inequities in perinatal mental health, especially across populations, geography, and in the role of childbirth.

Recent Findings: People of color are at an increased risk for perinatal mental health difficulties and more likely to experience neglect, poor communication, and racial discrimination.

Moving beyond symptom reduction: A meta-analysis on the effect of exposure therapy for PTSD on quality of life.

Objectives: Quality of life (QOL) is a multidimensional construct including emotional well-being, life satisfaction, and physical health. Individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) consistently report low QOL, highlighting the importance of assessing the effectiveness of first-line PTSD treatments (e.g.

Serum metabolome analysis in hyperthyroid cats before and after radioactive iodine therapy.

Hyperthyroidism is the most common feline endocrinopathy. In hyperthyroid humans, untargeted metabolomic analysis identified persistent metabolic derangements despite achieving a euthyroid state. Therefore, we sought to define the metabolome of hyperthyroid cats and identify ongoing metabolic changes after treatment.

Leveraging Electronic Health Records to Assess Residential Mobility Among Veterans in the Veterans Health Administration.

Background: Residential mobility, or a change in residence, can influence health care utilization and outcomes. Health systems can leverage their patients' residential addresses stored in their electronic health records (EHRs) to better understand the relationships among patients' residences, mobility, and health. The Veteran Health Administration (VHA), with a unique nationwide network of health care systems and integrated EHR, holds greater potential for examining these relationships.

Enhancing tumor-infiltrating T cells with an exclusive fuel source.

Solid tumors harbor immunosuppressive microenvironments that inhibit tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) through the voracious consumption of glucose. We sought to restore TIL function by providing them with an exclusive fuel source. The glucose disaccharide cellobiose, which is a building block of cellulose, contains a β-1,4-glycosidic bond that cannot be hydrolyzed by animals (or their tumors), but fungal and bacterial organisms have evolved enzymes to catabolize cellobiose and use the resulting glucose.

A panel network analysis of posttraumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms across the perinatal period.

The perinatal period is marked by a higher risk of experiencing depressive, anxiety, and/or trauma-related symptoms, a phenomenon that affects millions of individuals each year. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms commonly co-occur but have rarely been examined together beyond prevalence estimates in the perinatal period. Our study aimed to explore patterns of associations among OCD and PTSD symptoms to elucidate within- and between-person effects and how these effects may change over time.

Shining a spotlight on the inclusion of disabled participants in clinical trials: a mixed methods study.

Background: It is crucial to include a wide range of the population in clinical trials for the outcome to be applicable in real-world settings. Existing literature indicates that under-served groups, including disabled people, have been excluded from participating in clinical trials without justification. Exclusion from clinical trials exacerbates disparities in healthcare and diminishes the benefits for excluded populations.

From pregnancy to the postpartum: Unraveling the complexities of symptom profiles among trauma-exposed women.

Background: Many women experience new onset or worsening of existing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms during pregnancy and the early postpartum period. However, perinatal PTSD symptom profiles and their predictors are not well understood.

Methods: Participants (N = 614 community adults) completed self-report measures across three methodologically similar longitudinal studies.

White-tailed deer detection rates increase when coyotes are present.

Predator species can indirectly affect prey species through the cost of anti-predator behavior responses, which may involve shifts in occupancy, space use, or movement. Quantifying the various strategies implemented by prey species to avoid adverse interactions with predators can lead to a better understanding of potential population-level repercussions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine predator-prey interactions by quantifying the effect of predator species presence on detection rates of prey species, using coyotes () and white-tailed deer () in Central Appalachian forests of the eastern United States as a model predator-prey system.

Peer Ethnicity as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Ethnic Identity and Body Appreciation in Black College-Aged Women.

Strong ethnic identity is recognized as a protective factor against body image concern and eating pathology in Black women as they tend to hold cultural values in line with an acceptance of a variety of body shapes and sizes. Reinforcement of these cultural ideals may occur via same-race peer relationships. The current study examined the mediating role of same-race versus other-race peers in the relationship between ethnic identity and body appreciation in Black women.

ALK upregulates POSTN and WNT signaling to drive neuroblastoma.

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood. While MYCN and mutant anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) cooperate in tumorigenesis, how ALK contributes to tumor formation remains unclear. Here, we used a human stem cell-based model of neuroblastoma.

Complex N-glycosylation of mGluR6 is required for trans-synaptic interaction with ELFN adhesion proteins.

Synaptic transmission from retinal photoreceptors to downstream ON-type bipolar cells (BCs) depends on the postsynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR6, located at the BC dendritic tips. Glutamate binding to mGluR6 initiates G-protein signaling that ultimately leads to BC depolarization in response to light. The mGluR6 receptor also engages in trans-synaptic interactions with presynaptic ELFN adhesion proteins.

Factor structure of the Eating Disorder Flexibility Index in U.S. nonclinical collegiate and clinical adolescent samples.

Cognitive and behavioral inflexibility are transdiagnostic maintaining mechanisms of varied psychopathologies, including eating disorders (ED). The Eating Disorder Flexibility Index (EDFLIX) is the only psychometrically validated self-report measure of general and ED-specific flexibility in the published literature. The EDFLIX was originally developed in Scandinavian adult clinical and healthy control samples but is increasingly used in its English version in other populations, including adolescent and nonclinical samples, raising questions about its validity and reliability in diverse groups.