Josephine D. Johnson (1951-2023).

This article memorializes Josephine D. Johnson (1951-2023), clinical psychologist. Johnson contributed significantly to the evolution of multicultural psychology.

Complexities in the history of diversity and social justice: Reply to Harvey (2019).

The authors provide a reply to Harvey's (2019) comment on the authors' article regarding the American Psychological Association's efforts to promote diversity and social justice (Leong et al., 2017). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

APA efforts in promoting human rights and social justice.

This article reviews the American Psychological Association's (APA) efforts in promoting human rights and social justice. Beginning with a historical review of the conceptualizations of human rights and social justice, the social challenges that have faced the United States over time are discussed in relation to the APA's evolving mission and strategic initiatives enacted through its boards, committees, and directorates. From early efforts on the Board for Social and Ethical Responsibility in Psychology and the Board of Ethnic Minority Affairs to the establishment of the Public Interest Directorate, the APA's efforts to address these human rights and social justice challenges through its task force reports, guidelines, and policies are described.

Karen Strohm Kitchener (1943-2016).

Presents an obituary for Karen Strohm Kitchener, who passed away on April 4, 2016, in a tragic accident near Oahu, Hawaii. One of Karen's major contributions was the development of the Reflective Judgment Model with her colleague, Patricia M. King.

Recognition of psychotherapy effectiveness: the APA resolution.

In August 2012, the American Psychological Association (APA) Council of Representatives voted overwhelmingly to adopt as APA policy a Resolution on the Recognition of Psychotherapy Effectiveness. This invited article traces the origins and intentions of that resolution and its protracted journey through the APA governance labyrinth. We summarize the planned dissemination and projected results of the resolution and identify several lessons learned through the entire process.

Psychology and social justice: why we do what we do.

Much of psychological science and knowledge is significantly relevant to social justice, defined here as the goal to decrease human suffering and to promote human values of equality and justice. A commitment to social justice has evolved as a more important value in the last few decades for psychology, including for the American Psychological Association (APA). The mission, vision, goals, Ethics Code, and strategic plan of APA all provide a rationale for psychologists' involvement in systematic and visible ways of applying our knowledge to social issues.

The Baby-Friendly journey in a US public hospital.

In May of 2007, San Francisco General Hospital & Trauma Center became the first Baby-Friendly certified hospital in San Francisco. This quality improvement program began in 1999 and took 8 years to complete. Challenges to completing this goal included a population that has myriad social issues including non-English-speaking clients, drug abuse, poverty, and homelessness.

Experiences and perspectives of African American, Latina/o, Asian American, and European American psychology graduate students: A national study.

A national, Web-based survey of 1,219 African American, Latina/o, Asian American, and European American psychology graduate students revealed both similarities and differences in experiences and perspectives. Mentoring was found to be the strongest predictor of satisfaction across groups. Academic supports and barriers, along with perceptions of diversity within the academic environment, were also important predictors of satisfaction.

The role of public health in addressing racial and ethnic disparities in mental health and mental illness.

Racial/ethnic minority populations are underserved in the American mental health care system. Disparity in treatment between whites and African Americans has increased substantially since the 1990s. Racial/ethnic minorities may be disproportionately affected by limited English proficiency, remote geographic settings, stigma, fragmented services, cost, comorbidity of mental illness and chronic diseases, cultural understanding of health care services, and incarceration.

Dentofacial features of Class II malocclusion associated with maxillary skeletal protrusion: a longitudinal study at the circumpubertal growth period.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to describe the craniofacial growth changes of subjects with Class II malocclusion associated with maxillary skeletal protrusion at the circumpubertal growth period.

Methods: The records of 25 untreated subjects with normal Class I occlusion and 25 untreated Class II subjects (14 boys and 11 girls in each group) were selected from the longitudinal records of the University of Michigan Growth Study. All Class II subjects had maxillary protrusion.

Latino/a Culture and Substance Abuse.

This article provides descriptions of issues related to Latino/as, alcoholism, and substance abuse. A review of the available literature is provided, including preliminary data analyses by the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcoholism and Related Conditions conducted by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and from the National Hispanic Science Network on Drug Abuse. There is some evidence that substance abuse among Hispanics may be increasing, especially among adolescents.

Psychotherapy termination: clinical and ethical responsibilities.

The successful termination of the psychotherapy relationship is each psychotherapist's goal. Yet, a number of circumstances may arise that interfere with the successful completion and termination of treatment. This article addresses both termination and abandonment and illustrates the applicable guidelines and standards from the American Psychological Association's (2002) Ethics Code.

Cultural difference and the therapeutic alliance: an evidence-based analysis.

The research on positive psychotherapy outcome consistently indicates that the quality of the alliance is important across different models of psychotherapy (D. E. Orlinsky, M.

Personal reflections: barriers and strategies in increasing diversity in psychology.

In this article, six faculty and students of color who participated in a panel discussion at a symposium during the National Multicultural Conference and Summit of 2003 talk about the barriers they encountered and continue to encounter in their graduate training and places of employment. They also discuss strategies they found to be effective, enhancing, and positive and suggest other possibilities. The contributors describe their relationships with dominant-group and minority peers and talk about how issues of social class, disability, and sexual orientation as well as color have been part of their experience.

Increasing the number of psychologists of color: public policy issues for affirmative diversity.

This article identifies the key issues involved in the debate about affirmative action. The June 2003 Supreme Court decisions allowing consideration of race to ensure that there is a "critical mass" of African American, Latino/Latina, and Native American applicants to higher education are addressed. Social psychologists have identified key myths and provided clarifications about the need for and consequences of strategies used to promote equal opportunity for persons of color and women.

Competencies conference: future directions in education and credentialing in professional psychology.

The Competencies Conference: Future Directions in Education and Credentialing in Professional Psychology was organized around eight competency-focused work groups, as well as work groups on specialties and the assessment of competence. A diverse group of psychologists participated in this multisponsored conference. After describing the background and structure of the conference, this article reviews the common themes that surfaced across work groups, with attention paid to the identification, training, and assessment of competencies and competence.

Complexities of the Latina experience: a tribute to Martha Bernal.

This address discusses educational attainment rates among Latinas and factors that militate against their educational and professional achievement. The roles of family, community, discrimination, and strategies to counteract discrimination are discussed. It also contains a tribute to a Latina pioneer in psychology, Martha Bernal.

Introduction: a report on the National Multicultural Conference and Summit II.

Multiculturalism, in its broadest terms, not only is defined by race and ethnicity but also involves topics of gender, sexual orientation, and disability. Underlying this notion is the assumption that there is no one way to conceptualize human behavior, no one theory that explains the realities and experiences of various forms of diversity, and no particular set of competencies that have been proven to be effective with every form of diversity. Yet, it is possible to seek and provide information that can move psychologists and other social scientists forward in the search for multicultural awareness, respect, and competence.

Brief report: fathering a child living with HIV/AIDS: psychosocial adjustment and parenting stress.

Objective: To examine the psychosocial stressors experienced by fathers of children diagnosed with HIV/AIDS.

Methods: Thirty-one fathers whose children (ages 6 to 19) were participating in pediatric HIV clinical trials completed self-report measures of parenting stress, psychological distress, and need for psychosocial services.

Results: Over half of this sample experienced significantly elevated levels of both parenting stress and psychological distress compared to standardized norms.

Latinos and violence: mental health implications and strategies for clinicians.

This article seeks to identify mental health issues in regard to violence among Hispanics and Latinos relative to other groups in the United States. A review of the literature provides prevalence and incidence rates, population and demographic information, and unique issues in regard to violence for Latinos and Latinas, including in the areas of battering and wife abuse, child and sexual abuse, sexual harassment, and the complicating effects of racial-ethnic discrimination. Aspects of cultural ideology, including the social construction of gender and its relevance to violence, are discussed, as are theoretical explorations of the impact of violence on familism, a major Hispanic cultural value.

[Blastocystosis in preschool children from bolivar city, venezuela].

To evaluate the prevalence of Blastocystis hominis and its clinical relevance, 169 preschool children from the 'Los Coquitos' nursery school living in Bolivar City, Venezuela, were studied. Stool samples were obtained and examined by direct microscopic examination, and the Faust and Willis concentration techniques. Some 72 of the children had intestinal parasites, of whom 32 (29.

Implications of the 1992 ethics code for the practice of individual psychotherapy.

The current ethics code (American Psychological Association [APA], 1992) provides improved standards through increased specificity and proscriptive guidance than did the previous code (APA, 1990). Standards 4 and 5 are focused for review in this article. Standard 4, Therapy, with additions such as structuring the relationship, obtaining informed consent, providing mental health services to those served by others, and interrupting and terminating services, are addressed and critiqued.