The American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Diagnostic Criteria for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective: To develop new diagnostic criteria for mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) that are appropriate for use across the lifespan and in sports, civilian trauma, and military settings.

Design: Rapid evidence reviews on 12 clinical questions and Delphi method for expert consensus.

Participants: The Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Task Force of the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Brain Injury Special Interest Group convened a Working Group of 17 members and an external interdisciplinary expert panel of 32 clinician-scientists.

Radio-Frequency Manipulation of State Populations in an Entangled Fluorine-Muon-Fluorine System.

Entangled spin states are created by implanting muons into single-crystal LiY_{0.95}Ho_{0.05}F_{4} to form a cluster of correlated, dipole-coupled local magnetic moments.

First demonstration of tuning between the Kitaev and Ising limits in a honeycomb lattice.

Recent observations of novel spin-orbit coupled states have generated interest in 4/5 transition metal systems. A prime example is the [Formula: see text] state in iridate materials and α-RuCl that drives Kitaev interactions. Here, by tuning the competition between spin-orbit interaction (λ) and trigonal crystal field (Δ), we restructure the spin-orbital wave functions into a previously unobserved [Formula: see text] state that drives Ising interactions.

High-Frequency ac Susceptibility of Iron-Based Superconductors.

A microwave technique suitable for investigating the AC magnetic susceptibility of small samples in the GHz frequency range is presented. The method-which is based on the use of a coplanar waveguide resonator, within the resonator perturbation approach-allows one to obtain the absolute value of the complex susceptibility, from which the penetration depth and the superfluid density can be determined. We report on the characterization of several iron-based superconducting systems, belonging to the 11, 122, 1144, and 12442 families.

Models of Care for Postacute COVID-19 Clinics: Experiences and a Practical Framework for Outpatient Physiatry Settings.

After surviving infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, individuals may have persistent symptoms and prolonged impairments that may last for weeks to months. The frequency and heterogeneity of persistent post-COVID conditions have created challenges in care. Specialty clinics are being established in response to an increasing need to care for patients with postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 or long COVID syndrome.

Absence of local moments in the kagome metal KVSbas determined by muon spin spectroscopy.

We have carried out muon spin relaxation and rotation measurements on the newly discovered kagome metal KVSb, and find a local field dominated by weak magnetic disorder which we associate with the nuclear moments present, and a modest temperature dependence which tracks the bulk magnetic susceptibility. We find no evidence for the existence of Vlocal moments, suggesting that the physics underlying the recently reported giant unconventional anomalous Hall effect in this material warrants further studies.

Frustrated Heisenberg model within the stretched diamond lattice of LiYbO.

We investigate the magnetic properties of LiYbO, containing a three-dimensionally frustrated, diamond-like lattice via neutron scattering, magnetization, and heat capacity measurements. The stretched diamond network of Yb ions in LiYbO enters a long-range incommensurate, helical state with an ordering wave vector that "locks-in" to a commensurate phase under the application of a magnetic field. The spiral magnetic ground state of LiYbO can be understood in the framework of a Heisenberg Hamiltonian on a stretched diamond lattice, where the propagation vector of the spiral is uniquely determined by the ratio of .

Post-traumatic Confusional State: A Case Definition and Diagnostic Criteria.

In response to the need to better define the natural history of emerging consciousness after traumatic brain injury and to better describe the characteristics of the condition commonly labeled posttraumatic amnesia, a case definition and diagnostic criteria for the posttraumatic confusional state (PTCS) were developed. This project was completed by the Confusion Workgroup of the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Brain Injury Interdisciplinary Special Interest group. The case definition was informed by an exhaustive literature review and expert opinion of workgroup members from multiple disciplines.

Field-tunable quantum disordered ground state in the triangular-lattice antiferromagnet NaYbO.

Antiferromagnetically coupled spins on an isotropic triangular lattice are the paradigm of frustrated quantum magnetism, but structurally ideal realizations are rare. Here, we investigate NaYbO, which hosts an ideal triangular lattice of effective moments with no inherent site disorder. No signatures of conventional magnetic order appear down to 50 mK, strongly suggesting a quantum spin liquid ground state.

Spiral Modes and the Observation of Quantized Conductance in the Surface Bands of Bismuth Nanowires.

When electrons are confined in two-dimensional materials, quantum-mechanical transport phenomena and high mobility can be observed. Few demonstrations of these behaviours in surface spin-orbit bands exist. Here, we report the observation of quantized conductance in the surface bands of 50-nm Bi nanowires.

Electrical Conductivity through a Single Atomic Step Measured with the Proximity-Induced Superconducting Pair Correlation.

Local disordered nanostructures in an atomically thick metallic layer on a semiconducting substrate play significant and decisive roles in transport properties of two-dimensional (2D) conductive systems. We measured the electrical conductivity through a step of monoatomic height in a truly microscopic manner by using as a signal the superconducting pair correlation induced by the proximity effect. The transport property across a step of a one-monolayer Pb surface metallic phase, formed on a Si(111) substrate, was evaluated by inducing the pair correlation around the local defect and measuring its response, i.

Observation of a three-dimensional quasi-long-range electronic supermodulation in YBa2Cu3O(7-x)/La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 heterostructures.

Recent developments in high-temperature superconductivity highlight a generic tendency of the cuprates to develop competing electronic (charge) supermodulations. While coupled with the lattice and showing different characteristics in different materials, these supermodulations themselves are generally conceived to be quasi-two-dimensional, residing mainly in individual CuO2 planes, and poorly correlated along the c axis. Here we observed with resonant elastic X-ray scattering a distinct type of electronic supermodulation in YBa2Cu3O(7-x) (YBCO) thin films grown epitaxially on La0.

Swinging Symmetry, Multiple Structural Phase Transitions, and Versatile Physical Properties in RECuGa3 (RE = La-Nd, Sm-Gd).

The compounds RECuGa3 (RE = La-Nd, Sm-Gd) were synthesized by various techniques. Preliminary X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses at room temperature suggested that the compounds crystallize in the tetragonal system with either the centrosymmetric space group I4/mmm (BaAl4 type) or the non-centrosymmetric space group I4mm (BaNiSn3 type). Detailed single-crystal XRD, neutron diffraction, and synchrotron XRD studies of selected compounds confirmed the non-centrosymmetric BaNiSn3 structure type at room temperature with space group I4mm.

Theory of nodal s ± -wave pairing symmetry in the Pu-based 115 superconductor family.

The spin-fluctuation mechanism of superconductivity usually results in the presence of gapless or nodal quasiparticle states in the excitation spectrum. Nodal quasiparticle states are well established in copper-oxide, and heavy-fermion superconductors, but not in iron-based superconductors. Here, we study the pairing symmetry and mechanism of a new class of plutonium-based high-Tc superconductors and predict the presence of a nodal s(±) wave pairing symmetry in this family.

Short-range correlations in the magnetic ground state of Na₄Ir₃O₈.

The magnetic ground state of the J(eff)=1/2 hyperkagome lattice in Na₄Ir₃O₈ is explored via combined bulk magnetization, muon spin relaxation, and neutron scattering measurements. A short-range, frozen state comprised of quasistatic moments develops below a characteristic temperature of T(F)=6  K, revealing an inhomogeneous distribution of spins occupying the entirety of the sample volume. Quasistatic, short-range spin correlations persist until at least 20 mK and differ substantially from the nominally dynamic response of a quantum spin liquid.

Fermi-surface reconstruction and complex phase equilibria in CaFe2As2.

Fermi-surface topology governs the relationship between magnetism and superconductivity in iron-based materials. Using low-temperature transport, angle-resolved photoemission, and x-ray diffraction, we show unambiguous evidence of large Fermi-surface reconstruction in CaFe2As2 at magnetic spin-density-wave and nonmagnetic collapsed-tetragonal (cT) transitions. For the cT transition, the change in the Fermi-surface topology has a different character with no contribution from the hole part of the Fermi surface.

Role of the Fermi-surface anisotropy in angle-dependent magnetic-field oscillations for identifying the energy-gap anisotropy of A(y)Fe(2)Se(2) superconductors.

We present a numerical study of the field-angle resolved oscillations of the thermal conductivity and specific heat under a rotated magnetic field in the A(y)Fe(2-x)Se(2) [A = K, Rb, Cs, (Tl, K)] superconductors, using realistic two-band Fermi surface parametrization. Our key finding is that even for isotropic pairing on an anisotropic Fermi surface, the thermodynamic quantities exhibit substantial oscillatory behavior in the superconducting state, even much below the upper critical field. Furthermore, in multiband systems the competition of anisotropies between two Fermi surfaces can cause a double sign reversal of oscillations as a function of temperature, irrespective of gap anisotropy.

Superconducting gap structure of the 115s revisited.

Density functional theory calculations of the electronic structure of Ce- and Pu-based heavy fermion superconductors in the so-called 115 family are performed. The gap equation is used to consider which superconducting order parameters are most favorable assuming a pairing interaction that is peaked at (π, π, qz)—the wavevector for the antiferromagnetic ordering found in close proximity. In addition to the commonly accepted dx2−y2 order parameter, there is evidence that an extended s-wave order parameter with nodes is also plausible.

Spin fluctuations and the peak-dip-hump feature in the photoemission spectrum of actinides.

We present first-principles multiband spin susceptibility calculations within the random-phase approximation for four isostructural superconducting PuCoIn{5}, PuCoGa{5}, PuRhGa{5}, and nonsuperconducting UCoGa{5} actinides. The results show that a strong peak in the spin-fluctuation dressed self-energy is present around 0.5 eV in all materials, which is mostly created by 5f electrons.

Interplay of rotational, relaxational, and shear dynamics in solid ⁴He.

Using a high-sensitivity torsional oscillator (TO) technique, we mapped the rotational and relaxational dynamics of solid helium-4 ((4)He) throughout the parameter range of the proposed supersolidity. We found evidence that the same microscopic excitations controlling the torsional oscillator motions are generated independently by thermal and mechanical stimulation. Moreover, a measure for the relaxation times of these excitations diverges smoothly without any indication for a critical temperature or critical velocity of a supersolid transition.

Glass anomaly in the shear modulus of solid 4He.

The shear modulus of solid H{4}e exhibits an anomalous increase at low temperatures that behaves qualitatively similar to the frequency change in torsional oscillator experiments. We propose that this stiffening of the shear modulus with decreasing temperature can be described with a glass susceptibility assuming a temperature-dependent relaxation time τ(T). Below a characteristic crossover temperature T{X}, where ωτ(T{X})∼1, a significant slowing down of dynamics leads to an increase in the shear modulus.

Spin dynamics in the negatively charged terbium (III) bis-phthalocyaninato complex.

The experimental and theoretical study of the electron spin dynamics in the anionic form of a single-ion molecule magnet (SIMM), the bis-phthalocyaninato terbium (III) molecule [Pc(2)Tb](-)[TBA](+), has been addressed by means of solid state (1)H NMR spectroscopy. The magnetic properties of the caged Tb(3+) metal center were investigated in a series of diamagnetically diluted preparations, where the excess of tetrabutylamonium bromide ([TBA]Br)(n) salt was used as diamagnetic matrix complement. We found that a high temperature activated spin dynamics characterizes the systems, which involved phonon-assisted transitions among the crystal field levels in qualitative agreements with literature results.

Electronic duality in strongly correlated matter.

Superconductivity develops from an attractive interaction between itinerant electrons that creates electron pairs, which condense into a macroscopic quantum state-the superconducting state. On the other hand, magnetic order in a metal arises from electrons localized close to the ionic core and whose interaction is mediated by itinerant electrons. The dichotomy between local moment magnetic order and superconductivity raises the question of whether these two states can coexist and involve the same electrons.

Muon spin rotation studies of spin dynamics at avoided level crossings in LiY0.998Ho0.002F4.

We have studied the Ho3+ spin dynamics for LiY0.998Ho0.002F4 via the positive muon (mu+) transverse field depolarization rate lambdaTF as a function of temperature and magnetic field.