PHARAOH: A collaborative crowdsourcing platform for phenotyping and regional analysis of histology.

Deep learning has proven capable of automating key aspects of histopathologic analysis. However, its context-specific nature and continued reliance on large expert-annotated training datasets hinders the development of a critical mass of applications to garner widespread adoption in clinical/research workflows. Here, we present an online collaborative platform that streamlines tissue image annotation to promote the development and sharing of custom computer vision models for PHenotyping And Regional Analysis Of Histology (PHARAOH; https://www.

Enhanced bone cement for fixation of prosthetic joint utilizing nanoparticles.

Bone cement is commonly utilized to secure prosthetic joints in the body because of its robust fixation, stability, biocompatibility, and immediate load-bearing capability. However, issues such as loosening, leakage, and insufficient bioactivity can lead to its failure. Therefore, improving its mechanical, physical, and biological properties is crucial for enhancing its efficiency.

Preliminary Evidence That Shared Genetic Influences Underlie Comorbidity Between Self-Reported Eating and Internalizing Disorders and Gastrointestinal Disease in Adult Women and Men.

Introduction: Accumulating research suggests both eating disorders (EDs) and internalizing disorders (e.g., anxiety, depression) are associated with gastrointestinal disease (e.

Daily estradiol and progesterone levels moderate genetic and environmental influences on emotional eating across 45 consecutive days in female twins.

Background: Past studies indicate daily increases in estrogen across the menstrual cycle protect against binge-eating (BE) phenotypes (e.g. emotional eating), whereas increases in progesterone enhance risk.

Improved extraction efficiency of radioactive copper produced via accelerator neutrons method through phosphate buffer-enhanced column pre-treatment.

We report a straightforward and robust method for isolating medical copper radioisotopes Cu and Cu, generated by an accelerator neutrons technique from Zn(n, x). This study reveals the key role of a phosphate buffer pre-treatment of the cation exchange column in the separation process. Incorporating the phosphate buffer into the column pre-treatment markedly enhances the retention of copper isotopes within the column throughout the separation procedure.

Predictors of Outpatient and Inpatient Service Utilization Among Publicly-Insured Youth With Eating Disorders.

Introduction: Although eating disorders (EDs) affect youth from all socioeconomic backgrounds, little is known about the treatment experiences of under-resourced youth with EDs. To address this gap, we examined patterns of outpatient and inpatient service utilization among publicly-insured youth with EDs in California and potential disparities for youth with additional marginalized identities.

Method: Participants were identified from the full sample of California Medicaid/Medi-Cal beneficiaries aged 7-18 with ≥ 1 service episode between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2016.

Impact of sub chronic administration of deltamethrin on autoimmune activity in rat.

Deltamethrin (DLM) is a newer kind of insecticide that is used on pets, livestock, and crops, as well as to combat malaria vectors and household pests. It belongs to the synthetic pyrethroid group and is being promoted as an alternative to organophosphate chemicals due to its persistent and destructive effects. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of sub-chronic oral exposure to DLM on autoimmune activity in rats.

Self-reported food liking and wanting: A factor analytic study of ratings across 49 consecutive days.

Reward responses to food are thought to play an important role in highly palatable food overconsumption. In animal models, food reward responses can be decoupled into unique "liking" (in the moment enjoyment) and "wanting" (motivation/craving) components. However, research on liking and wanting has been hampered by uncertainty regarding whether liking and wanting can be reliably separated in humans.

Surface Passivation of Carbon Dots for Tunable Biological Performance.

Recent investigations were shifted this trend toward exploring the biomedical applicability of CDs, relevant to chronic diseases. Herein, a systematic approach is demonstrated for studying the effect of variation in the surface passivation of CDs for tuning its optical character and biological performance. Alginate and pectin were successfully clustered oxygen-surface passivated CDs, while, chitin was used to nucleate nitrogen-surface passivated CDs.

Characterizing Antibiotic Regimen Modification Behavior, Patient Characteristics, and Outcomes for Patients with Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections, A Retrospective Single-Center Study.

Few studies describe the frequency of antibiotic regimen modification behaviors in the acute care setting. We sought to ascertain patient and treatment characteristics, details of regimen modification, and clinical outcomes with antibiotic modifications. This retrospective study included patients admitted to Hoag Memorial Hospital from 1 January 2019-31 March 2021 with a complicated infection caused by a Gram-negative organism resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins or with the potential for resistance (AmpC producers).

The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education 20-Year Trends in Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in the United States: How Does Neurological Surgery Compare?

Background: Within the current medical workforce, diversity is limited among surgical specialties. However, diversity allows physicians to provide culturally competent care. This paper discusses the trends in racial, ethnic, and gender representation within different surgical subspecialties with an emphasis on neurosurgery over a 20-year time frame.

Changes in affect longitudinally mediate associations between emotion regulation strategy use and disordered eating.

Background: Trait-level emotion regulation (ER) difficulties are associated with eating disorders (EDs) transdiagnostically. However, little research has examined whether within-person fluctuations in ER longitudinally predict ED behaviors in daily life or the mechanisms of ER effects. Investigating daily ER could help us better understand why people experience ED behaviors at a given time.

Effect of using nano-particles of magnesium oxide and titanium dioxide to enhance physical and mechanical properties of hip joint bone cement.

In this work, the effect of adding Magnesium Oxide (MgO) and Titanium Dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles to enhance the properties of the bone cement used for hip prosthesis fixation. Related to previous work on enhanced bone cement properties utilizing MgO and TiO, samples of composite bone cement were made using three different ratios (0.5%:1%, 1.

A rare case of ductal variant multilocular prostatic cystadenocarcinoma invading the rectum.

Prostate papillary and cribriform ductal prostatic adenocarcinoma is a rare malignancy infrequently reported in the literature. We describe a case of rectally invasive prostate cystic adenocarcinoma and surgical extirpative management not requiring fecal or urinary diversion.

Shared genetic influences between eating disorders and gastrointestinal disease in a large, population-based sample of adult women and men.

Background: Some preliminary research suggests higher rates of gastrointestinal disease in individuals with eating disorders (EDs). However, research is limited, and it remains unknown what etiologic factors account for observed associations. This was the first study to examine how EDs and dimensional ED symptoms (e.

Comparison of a Valveless Trocar System and Conventional Insufflation in Pediatric Urologic Surgery.

Conventional operative insufflation uses a one-way trocar to handle instruments while maintaining pneumoperitoneum. In 2007, the AirSeal valveless trocar insufflation system was introduced, which maintains stable pneumoperitoneum while continuously evacuating smoke. Although this device has been validated in adult patients, it has not been extensively validated in the pediatric population.