Vitamin D metabolism-related single nucleotide polymorphisms in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease risk.

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the world's major public health problems. It is characterized by a major inflammatory response, where vitamin D, due to its role in regulating the immune system, and genetic variants involved in its metabolism may play an essential role. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between 13 polymorphisms related to vitamin D metabolism and the COPD risk.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Vitamin D Metabolic Pathway as Survival Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer.

Several studies have suggested that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to vitamin D metabolism may affect CRC carcinogenesis and survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of 13 SNPs involved in the vitamin D metabolic pathway on CRC survival. We conducted an observational retrospective cohort study, which included 127 Caucasian CRC patient from the south of Spain.

Polymorphisms in , , , and Genes as Biomarkers of Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review.

The objective of this systematic review was to provide a compilation of all the literature available on the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes involved in the metabolic pathway of vitamin D and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. It included all the literature published up to 1 November 2022 and was carried out in four databases (Medline [PubMed], Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase), using the PICO strategy, with relevant keywords related to the objective.

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha Expression Is Predictive of Pathological Complete Response in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

Unlabelled: To demonstrate the value of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in predicting response in patients with breast cancer receiving standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Methods: Ninety-five women enrolled in two prospective studies underwent biopsies for the histopathological diagnosis of breast carcinoma before receiving NAC, based on anthracyclines and taxanes. For expression of HIF-1α, EGFR, pAKT and pMAPK, tumor samples were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in tissues microarrays.

Heart Histopathology and Mitochondrial Ultrastructure in Aged Rats Fed for 24 Months on Different Unsaturated Fats (Virgin Olive Oil, Sunflower Oil or Fish Oil) and Affected by Different Longevity.

Diet plays a decisive role in heart physiology, with lipids having especial importance in pathology prevention and development. This study aimed to investigate how dietary lipids varying in lipid profile (virgin olive oil, sunflower oil or fish oil) affected the heart of rats during aging. Heart histopathology, mitochondrial morphometry, and oxidative status were assessed.

Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation Modifies Plasma Levels of Tissue Inhibitor of Metallopeptidase 1 in Women with Breast Cancer.

The etiology of breast cancer can be very different. Most antineoplastic drugs are not selective against tumor cells and also affect normal cells, leading to a wide variety of adverse reactions such as the production of free radicals by altering the redox state of the organisms. Therefore, the objective of this study was to elucidate if hydroxytyrosol (HT) (an antioxidant present in extra virgin olive oil) has a chemomodulatory effect when combined with the chemotherapeutic drugs epirubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by taxanes in breast cancer patients.

Longevity and Cause of Death in Male Wistar Rats Fed Lifelong Diets Based on Virgin Olive Oil, Sunflower Oil, or Fish Oil.

Extending life by delaying the aging process has been proven to be the most effective way to fight multiple chronic diseases in elderly adults. Evidence suggests that longevity is inversely related to unsaturation of membrane phospholipids. This study investigated how different unsaturated dietary fats affect life span and cause of death in male Wistar rats fed diets based on virgin olive oil (V), sunflower oil (S), or fish oil (F), which were supplemented or not with Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10).

Modulation by hydroxytyrosol of oxidative stress and antitumor activities of paclitaxel in breast cancer.

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to test the therapeutic potential of hydroxytyrosol and its combination with paclitaxel in breast cancer on oxidative stress status.

Methods: Impact on proliferation rates of different chemotherapy administration patterns was assayed in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. Breast tumor-bearing rats were randomly assigned to Control, Hydroxytyrosol, Paclitaxel and Paclitaxel plus hydroxytyrosol groups, for 6 weeks.

Hydroxytyrosol: Bioavailability, toxicity, and clinical applications.

Many beneficial properties have been attributed to the Mediterranean diet. Over the years, researchers have attempted to learn which foods and which food components are responsible for good health. One of these components is hydroxytyrosol, an important phenolic compound present in olive oil.

Age-Related Loss in Bone Mineral Density of Rats Fed Lifelong on a Fish Oil-Based Diet Is Avoided by Coenzyme Q Addition.

During aging, bone mass declines increasing osteoporosis and fracture risks. Oxidative stress has been related to this bone loss, making dietary compounds with antioxidant properties a promising weapon. Male Wistar rats were maintained for 6 or 24 months on diets with fish oil as unique fat source, supplemented or not with coenzyme Q (CoQ), to evaluate the potential of adding this molecule to the -3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (-3 PUFA)-based diet for bone mineral density (BMD) preservation.

The relationship between insulin resistance and periodontitis is not affected by Mediterranean diet in a Spanish population.

Objetive: To examine the insulin resistance measured by surrogate indices in subjects with and without periodontitis and to find out any correlation among dietary intake with insulin resistance.

Design: Fifty-five patients were recruited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Insulin resistance measured by the homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index moreover glycaemia, creatinine, uric acid, high density lipoproteins, low density lipoproteins, very low density lipoproteins and triglycerides among others.

Curcumin and Health.

Nowadays, there are some molecules that have shown over the years a high capacity to act against relevant pathologies such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders or cancer. This article provides a brief review about the origin, bioavailability and new research on curcumin and synthetized derivatives. It examines the beneficial effects on health, delving into aspects such as cancer, cardiovascular effects, metabolic syndrome, antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammatory properties, and neurological, liver and respiratory disorders.

Hydroxytyrosol ameliorates oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats with breast cancer.

Oxidative stress is involved in several processes including cancer, aging and cardiovascular disease, and has been shown to potentiate the therapeutic effect of drugs such as doxorubicin. Doxorubicin causes significant cardiotoxicity characterized by marked increases in oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Herein, we investigate whether doxorubicin-associated chronic cardiac toxicity can be ameliorated with the antioxidant hydroxytyrosol in rats with breast cancer.

Transcriptional shift identifies a set of genes driving breast cancer chemoresistance.

Background: Distant recurrences after antineoplastic treatment remain a serious problem for breast cancer clinical management, which threats patients' life. Systemic therapy is administered to eradicate cancer cells from the organism, both at the site of the primary tumor and at any other potential location. Despite this intervention, a significant proportion of breast cancer patients relapse even many years after their primary tumor has been successfully treated according to current clinical standards, evidencing the existence of a chemoresistant cell subpopulation originating from the primary tumor.

Curcumin and liver disease.

Liver diseases pose a major medical problem worldwide and a wide variety of herbs have been studied for the management of liver-related diseases. In this respect, curcumin has long been used in traditional medicine, and in recent years it has been the object of increasing research interest. In combating liver diseases, it seems clear that curcumin exerts a hypolipidic effect, which prevents the fatty acid accumulation in the hepatocytes that may result from metabolic imbalances, and which may cause nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

Long-term effects of systemic cancer treatment on DNA oxidative damage: the potential for targeted therapies.

The main pathological consequence of free radical exposure is DNA damage, which is known to induce cell transformation and to facilitate important mutations in cancer progression. It is a matter of intense discussion whether the drug-induced production of free radicals limits the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapeutics and enhances their toxicity or whether they may be enhanced to provoke cancer cell apoptosis. This paper reviews essential molecular processes to better understand the controversial role of free radicals in cancer development and progression, and discusses some novel therapeutic strategies based on oxidative stress induction and prevention.

Gingival vascular damage in atherosclerotic rabbits: hydroxytyrosol and squalene benefits.

Cardiovascular alterations and periodontal disease have been associated, although cardiovascular disease treatments have not yet been tested against periodontal alterations. We investigated effects of squalene, hydroxytyrosol and coenzyme Q(10) on gingival tissues of rabbits fed on an atherosclerotic diet. Forty-eight rabbits were distributed in six groups.