Initial validation of a short version of the PERMA profiler in a national sample of rural veterans.

Background: Military veterans residing in rural areas face unique challenges that can impact their wellbeing, including limited access to healthcare resources, social isolation, and distinct environmental stressors. Despite growing interest in veteran wellbeing, there remains a gap in understanding how service-connected disabilities and health conditions intersect with wellbeing in rural contexts.

Methods: This study employed a comprehensive approach to investigate the relationships between wellbeing, service-connected disabilities, and health outcomes among rural veterans.

Family poverty over the early life course and adult experiences of intimate partner violence: a cohort study.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether family poverty over the early childhood, adolescent, and adult periods of the life course independently predicts experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) in adulthood.

Study Design: This was a birth cohort study in Brisbane, Australia, with pregnant women recruited at their first booking-in visit and their children, followed up to 30 and 40 years of age.

Methods: Family income was obtained from the mother when the child was 6 months, 5 and 14 years of age.

Adolescent behavioral problems, preterm/low birth weight children and adult life success in a prospective Australian birth cohort study.

Background: Preterm and/or low birthweight (PT/LBW) is predictive of a range of adverse adult outcomes, including lower employment, educational attainment, and mental wellbeing, and higher welfare receipt. Existing studies, however, on PT/LBW and adult psychosocial risks are often limited by low statistical power. Studies also fail to examine potential child or adolescent pathways leading to later adult adversity.

A two-generation study of attachment in mothers and their young adult offspring: Latent classes of attachment and associations with anxiety and depression.

Background: Evidence supports the conceptualization of adult attachment as existing along a continuum of attachment security and insecurity; however, ongoing debates persist regarding the use of categorical versus continuous approaches to studying attachment. Attachment data collected from a large community sample of mothers and their offspring in young adulthood were used to examine i) latent classes of adult attachment, ii) associations between mother and offspring attachment, iii) the relationship between adult attachment and mental health symptoms.

Methods: Mothers and offspring were each administered the Attachment Style Questionnaire when offspring were aged 21-years.

Substance use treatment completion and criminal justice system contact in Chile: A retrospective, linked data cohort study.

Background And Aims: Substance use treatment (SUT) has shown to be effective in reducing self-reported offending; however, the association between SUT completion and criminal justice system (CJS) contact has been underexplored, especially in Latin America. This study aimed to estimate the association between SUT completion status and (1) any subsequent CJS contact and (2) CJS contact leading to imprisonment, at 1, 3 and 5 years post-discharge, in Chile.

Design: Retrospective cohort study using multivariable survival analysis based on linked administrative data from 2010 to 2019.

Optimising recovery after perineal trauma: Implementation of an evidence-based patient-centred care and clinical practice guideline.

Background: Perineal trauma and pain can affect the quality of life of women who experience vaginal birth.

Aim: To investigate the effect of perineal care and pain management on women's postpartum recovery.

Methods: This was a Quasi-experimental study.

Examining the Relationship Between Individual Patient Factors and Substantial Clinical Benefit From Telerehabilitation Among Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain.

Objective: The coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic has facilitated the emergence of telerehabilitation, but it is unclear which patients are most likely to respond to physical therapy provided this way. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between individual patient factors and substantial clinical benefit from telerehabilitation among a cohort of patients with chronic low back pain (LBP).

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data collected during a prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Gender differences in cardiovascular disease risk: Adolescence to young adulthood.

Background And Aims: Gender differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been well documented but rarely for young adults and the extent to which gender related lifestyle differences may contribute to gender differences in CVD risk experienced by young adults have not been reported.

Methods And Results: Data are from a long-running cohort study, the Mater-University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy (MUSP). We track gender differences in CVD related behaviours at 21 and 30 years (consumption of a Western Diet/Health-Oriented Diet, cigarette smoking, vigorous physical exercise, heavy alcohol consumption).

Hemoglobin A1c as a Predictor of Surgical Site Infection in Patients With Orthopaedic Trauma.

Introduction: Previous research involving diabetes mellitus (DM), glycemic control, and complications in orthopaedic patients has primarily focused on elective procedures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate hemoglobin A1c (A1c) as a predictor of postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) in patients with orthopaedic trauma.

Methods: Patients aged 18 years or older treated surgically for an acute fracture by a fellowship-trained orthopaedic trauma surgeon at a single academic tertiary referral center with a laboratory value for A1c available within 3 months of their surgery were identified retrospectively.

Women's experience of perinatal support in a high migrant Australian population during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods study.

Background: As a COVID-19 risk mitigation measure, Australia closed its international borders for two years with significant socioeconomic disruption including impacting approximately 30% of the Australian population who are migrants. Migrant populations during the peripartum often rely on overseas relatives visiting for social support. High quality social support is known to lead to improved health outcomes with disruption to support a recognised health risk.

Do adversities experienced over the early life course predict mental illness and substance use behaviour in adulthood: A birth cohort study.

A range of adult health outcomes have been linked to early childhood adversities. These early adversities include parental marital breakdown and family economic disadvantage. Childhood experiences of maltreatment have also been linked to a variety of adult health outcomes.

Efficacy of Cefazolin versus Ceftriaxone for Extremity Open Fracture Management at a Level 1 Trauma Center.

Antibiotic agents have been shown to improve outcomes in open extremity fractures. The first-generation cephalosporins, which are used most often, are often under-dosed based on weight and recommended frequency. Ceftriaxone offers a broader coverage and a decreased frequency of administration.

Investigating service delivery and perinatal outcomes during the low prevalence first year of COVID-19 in a multiethnic Australian population: a cohort study.

Objective: Investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on perinatal outcomes in an Australian high migrant and low COVID-19 prevalent population to identify if COVID-19 driven health service changes and societal influences impact obstetric and perinatal outcomes.

Design: Retrospective cohort study with pre COVID-19 period 1 January 2018-31 January 2020, and first year of global COVID-19 period 1 February 2020-31 January 2021. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted adjusting for confounders including age, area-level socioeconomic status, gestation, parity, ethnicity and body mass index.

Identifying Perceptions, Experiences, and Recommendations of Telehealth Physical Therapy for Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Mixed Methods Survey.

Objective: To describe concerns, advantages, and disadvantages encountered in an evidence-based physical therapy (PT) program for persons with chronic low back pain (CLBP) delivered by telehealth.

Design: Mixed methods survey and semistructured interview of persons with CLBP.

Setting: Prospective observational cohort study of persons with CLBP from 3 health care systems receiving 8 sessions of evidence-based telehealth PT.

Efficacy of Postoperative Oral Antibiotics in Foot and Ankle Surgery.

Background: Preoperative oral antibiotic use in patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery is standard practice, but no consensus has been reached regarding the efficacy of postoperative oral antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to determine whether postoperative oral antibiotics reduce the rate of surgical site infections (SSIs) in patients, with and without comorbidities, undergoing foot and ankle surgery.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted identifying patients who underwent foot and ankle surgery by 4 fellowship-trained, foot and ankle orthopaedic surgeons between January 1, 2015, and January 1, 2019.

Outcomes of Telehealth Physical Therapy Provided Using Real-Time, Videoconferencing for Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Longitudinal Observational Study.

Objective: To describe the feasibility of an evidence-based physical therapy (PT) program for persons with chronic low back pain (LBP) originally designed for in-person delivery, adapted for telehealth using videoconferencing.

Design: Prospective, longitudinal cohort.

Setting: Three health care systems in the United States.

Benchmarking Adaptive Steered Molecular Dynamics (ASMD) on CHARMM Force Fields.

The potentials of mean force (PMFs) along the end-to-end distance of two different helical peptides have been obtained and benchmarked using the adaptive steered molecular dynamics (ASMD) method. The results depend strongly on the choice of force field driving the underlying all-atom molecular dynamics, and are reported with respect to the three most popular CHARMM force field versions: c22, c27 and c36. Two small peptides, and 1PEF, serve as the particular case studies.

Parental imprisonment as a risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic disease in adolescent and adult offspring: A prospective Australian birth cohort study.

Objectives: Parental imprisonment is linked with child health in later life. The present study provides the first prospective cohort analysis and non-U.S.

Does Childhood Maltreatment Lead to Low Life Success? Comparing Agency and Self-Reports.

Background: The long-term mental and physical health consequences of childhood maltreatment have been well documented. Less known are the longer-term consequences of childhood maltreatment, specifically the extent to which childhood maltreatment predicts adult life success.

Objectives: To prospectively assess the extent to which childhood experiences of physical, sexual, emotional abuse and childhood neglect predict life success at 30 years of age.

Clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of large-scale midwifery-led, paediatrician-overseen home phototherapy and neonatal jaundice surveillance: A retrospective cohort study.

Aim: To evaluate a large midwifery-led, paediatrician-overseen home jaundice surveillance and home phototherapy (HPT) programme.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study over 2019. Included were all infants with birth gestation ≥35 weeks, discharged at 4-96 h and receiving care from midwifery-at-home (a 12-h daily, 365-days hospital-based outreach service, supported by hospital paediatricians).

Health Systems Responsiveness in Addressing Indigenous Residents' Health and Mental Health Needs Following the 2016 Horse River Wildfire in Northern Alberta, Canada: Perspectives From Health Service Providers.

Following the 2016 Horse River Wildfire in northern Alberta, the provincial health authority, the ministry of health, non-profit and charitable organizations, and regional community-based service agencies mobilized to address the growing health and mental health concerns among Indigenous residents and communities through the provision of services and supports. Among the communities and residents that experienced significant devastation and loss were First Nation and Métis residents in the region. Provincial and local funding was allocated to new recovery positions and to support pre-existing health and social programs.

Perceptions of Telehealth Physical Therapy Among Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain.

Coronavirus disease 2019 prompted the rapid adoption of telehealth to provide physical therapy. Patients' perceptions about telehealth physical therapy are mostly unknown. This study describes perceptions of telehealth physical therapy among patients with chronic low back pain (LBP).