Iron Restriction to Clinical Isolates of Candida albicans by the Novel Chelator DIBI Inhibits Growth and Increases Sensitivity to Azoles and in a Murine Model of Experimental Vaginitis.

is an important opportunistic pathogen causing various human infections that are often treated with azole antifungals. The U.S.

Isolation and characterization of two phenotypically distinct dengue type-2 virus isolates from the same dengue hemorrhagic Fever patient.

Dengue is the one of the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral diseases. Dengue virus circulates between humans and mosquitoes, and causes a wide range of disease in humans. To elucidate the link between the cell tropism of dengue virus and its pathogenesis, peripheral blood cells of infected patients were analyzed by flow cytometry.

Combined detection and genotyping of Chikungunya virus by a specific reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

A reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was developed for the detection of Chikungunya virus infection. Based on the nonstructural protein 1 (nsP1) and glycoprotein E1 (E1) genes of Chikungunya, two primer sets were designed. Total RNA were extracted from the cell culture fluid of Aedes albopictus C6/36 cells inoculated with the S27 prototype virus, isolated in Tanzania in 1953, and the Malaysian strains (MALh0198, MALh0298, and MALh0398), isolated in Malaysia in 1998.

St. Louis encephalitis virus induced pathology in cultured cells.

Apoptosis is a highly regulated process of cellular self-destruction with diverse functions in multicellular organisms. It is known to be one of the mechanisms of viral pathogenesis. St.

West Nile virus-induced bax-dependent apoptosis.

The mechanism of cell death induced by West Nile virus (WNV), a causative agent of human febrile syndrome and encephalitis, was investigated. WNV-infected K562 and Neuro-2a cells manifested the typical features of apoptosis, including cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation and subdiploid DNA content by flow cytometry. DNA fragmentation into nucleosomal size and changes in outer cell membrane phospholipid composition were also observed in K562 cells.

Molecular evolution, distribution and genetic relationship among the dengue 2 viruses isolated from different clinical severity.

Twenty-two strains of dengue 2 virus, isolated in China, Latin America, New Guinea and Thailand were subjected to phylogenetic analysis. The UPGMA analysis was carried out on each gene region of dengue virus and demonstrated that outcome from most of the gene regions showed similar results except those from NS4B and YUTR with very short nucleotide length. Among ten regions examined, the results from E gene documented the geographical differences of the virus strains most clearly and all the American strains (Mara 4, IQT1797 and S1) were distantly related to the Asian isolates.

Detection of HBV RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with and without HBsAg by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

We examined RNA of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) in 61 patients associated with HBV infection, in order to analyze the relationship between the transcriptional activity of HBV in PBMCs and the clinical characteristics. The presence of HBV RNA in PBMCs was detected in 19/51(37.1%) patients with HBsAg positive and in 1/10 (10.

Prevalence and clinical characteristics of TT virus (TTV) in patients with sporadic acute hepatitis of unknown etiology.

Background/aims: Recently, a novel DNA virus was isolated from the serum of a patient with post-transfusion non-A-G hepatitis and named TT virus. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of TT virus infection in patients with sporadic acute hepatitis of unknown etiology.

Methods: TT virus was investigated in the serum of 66 patients with sporadic acute hepatitis non-A-G and 50 healthy controls by semi-nested PCR with previously published primers.