Nasal absorption of insulin in dogs.

The intranasal application of an insulin solution in dogs resulted in the rise of plasma immunoreactive insulin and in dose-dependent hypoglycemia. The absorption of insulin from this site was found to be enhanced when insulin was dissolved in an acid medium. In addition, when an insulin preparation with some surfactant was used, the effectiveness of nasally administered insulin was 25 to 30 per cent of that achieved with intravenously administered insulin.

A comparative study on lysosomal accumulation of gallium-67 and indium-111 in Morris hepatoma 7316A.

Intracellular localization of Ga-67 and In-111 was investigated in Morris hepatoma 7316A and in normal Buffalo rat liver cells by a cell fractionation method at 48 hr after an intraperitoneal injection of the nuclides. Lysosomal fractions of the tumor and normal liver cells had the highest relative specific radioactivities of the nuclides (p less than 0.001).

[Binocular summation in the perception of Landolt-ring presented at brief durations (author's transl)].

Landolt-ring identification accuracy of brief durations was determined under monocular presentation. Dichopic presentation to corresponding retinal areas was studied when the same Landolt-ring was presented simultaneously and successively. Both simultaneous and successive dichopic presentation gave identification accuracy significantly above the level expected from two independent chances to perceive at SOAs shorter than 60 msec.

Studies on anticoccidial agents. 10. Synthesis and anticoccidial activity of 5-nitronicotinamide and its analogues.

5-Nitronicotinamide (1) was prepared from 5-bromonicotinoyl chloride by treatment with ammonia and then oxidation with fuming H2SO4 and 30% H202. 2-Cholor-, 2-alkoxy-2-benzyloxy,2-phenoxy-,2-alkylamino-, and 2-benzylamino-5-nitronicatinamides were also prepared via 2-chloro-3-cyano-5-nitropyridine. 2-Methyl-5-nitronicotinamide (2) was obtained from ethyl 2-methyl-5-nitronicotinate by treatment with ammonia; the 4-methyl analogue 3 was from 3-cyano-2,6-dihydroxy-4 methylpyridine by nitration, chlorination, and dechlorination, and the 6-methyl analogue 4 was prepared by transforming 2-chloro-3-cyano-6-methyl-5-nitropyridine to the corresponding amide, followed by dechlorination.

Radiation effect on the proliferating capillaries in rat transparent chambers.

The revascularization of the devascularized area in rat transparent chambers by the proliferating blood vessels was studied quantitatively on the changes of vascularity. On the vascularizing border, a hypervascular zone about 0-5 mm wide was formed. The border advanced constantly at 0-020 cm a day.

Instability of the duration of G1 phase of Yoshida sarcoma and ascites hepatomas.

The durations and coefficients of variance of G1, S and G2 phase were obtained for 8 cell lines of ascites tumours originated from hepatomas in rats, and these were compared. Although changes in the durations of S and G2 phases were small, the duration of G1 phase increased with the cell cycle time. The coefficient of variance of G1 phase was larger than that of S and G2 phases, most remarkedly at short cycle time.

Isolated marrow reticuloendothelial activation and erythropoietic response following an acute blood loss.

The radioassay technique with the 113mIndium-iron chondroitin sulfate colloid, developed in our laboratory, revealed that an isolated marrow reticuloendothelial activation takes place after bleeding 15 to 30 ml of blood per kg body weight from a rabbit. It parallels the erythropoietic response very well. The present stimulation method might deserve testing for studies where marrow reticuloendothelial function is important such as in cancer-bearing patients, the effects of anticancer chemotherapy and gross antigenization.

Studies on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of propionylmaridomycin in rats.

The absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of propionylmaridomycin was investigated in the rat by using [(14)C]propionylmaridomycin. Propionylmaridomycin was absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract at a relatively rapid rate and was readily distributed into tissues. Among the tissues examined, liver, kidney, and lung showed a remarkably higher level of the radioactivity than plasma, while distribution of the radioactivity into brain was little.