In vitro synergy of ampicillin and chloramphenicol against gram-negative bacteria.

The activity of ampicillin and chloramphenicol in combination was evaluated against 16 gram-negative bacterial isolates from the cerebrospinal fluid of neonates with meningitis. The combination of antibiotics was synergistic (fractional inhibitory concentration less than 1.0) against 11 of 16 (69%) isolates by agar dilution technique and 12 of 16 (75%) isolates by microbroth dilution technique.

Appetitive behavior after gastric bypass for obesity.

Eating behavior patterns were studied in 80 gastric bypass patients at 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Significant reduction occurred in the amount of food eaten and in the frequency of eating. An unexpected result was the selective reduction of food eaten in certain food categories.

Gastric bypass criteria for effectiveness.

Weight loss patterns and revision rates in three sequential groups of patients with gastric bypasses and loop gastroenterostomies between 1965 and 1978 demonstrate the importance of a 50 ml volume of the upper segment measured at 25 to 30 cm water luminal pressure and a 10 to 12 mm diameter stoma. The need for a secure partition is well known. Reinforcement of the stoma to prevent dilation has contributed greatly to the success of gastroplasty and should be studied in gastric bypass.

Pharmacokinetics and cerebrospinal fluid penetration of moxalactam in children with bacterial meningitis.

The serum pharmacokinetics and CSF penetration of moxalactam were determined in 39 children with bacterial meningitis. The mean serum concentrations 30 minutes after a 37.5 or 50 mg/kg dose were 66.

Community acquisition of group B Streptococcus by infants of colonized mothers.

Forty-six infants of women known to be colonized by group B Streptococcus (GBS) during the third trimester of pregnancy were not colonized by GBS at the time of discharge from the hospital nursery. At 6 to 8 weeks of age, two of these infants (4.3%) were found to harbor GBS.

Statistical-mechanical theory of passive transport through partially sieving or leaky membranes.

The basic equations for multicomponent transport through partially sieving or leaky membranes are discussed from a statistical-mechanical viewpoint. They have the same mathematical form as the corresponding equations for open membranes, but differ in a discontinuous way from the equations for semipermeable membranes (since a "leak" in a semipermeable membrane constitutes a discontinuous or singular perturbation). Partially sieving membranes can be made to mimic semipermeable behavior through the introduction of characteristic time scales.

Legionella pneumophila: growth inhibition by human pharyngeal flora.

Several bacterial isolated from human pharyngeal cultures specifically inhibited the growth of Legionella pneumophila. The inhibitory substance from two strains (Streptococcus species 1-3 and Staphylococcus saprophyticus KC) was isolated from a broth supernatant. The inhibitor was active against all strains of L.

The effects of differential psychological stress on plasma cholesterol levels in rats.

The plasma cholesterol concentrations of rats receiving either lever-press escape or avoidance training, exposure to unpredictable, uncontrollable grid shocks using a yoked procedure, or no shocks, were compared in two experiments. All were fed a cholesterol-supplemented diet prior to and during the 30 days of exposure to these differing stress treatments. The results of both experiments showed that yoked groups had higher terminal levels of cholesterol than their experimental counterparts in the escape or avoidance group even though they received the same amounts of aversive stimulation and ate the same amounts of the diet.

The treatment of nonpalpable carcinoma of the breast.

Screening programs have discovered an increasing number of non-palpable breast cancers. There are several methods of locating these lesions by measuring the distance from the nipple and either excising an adequate margin around the measured point or more accurately locating it with a needle and further x-rays. The lesion, one excised, should be submitted for specimen radiography and compared with the mammogram to ascertain that the lesion has been excised.

The natural history of group B streptococcal colonization in the pregnant woman and her offspring. I. Colonization studies.

A longitudinal study of colonization by group B streptococcus (GBS) was conducted in 93 pregnant women and 92 of their infants. Positive cultures were obtained from vaginal swab specimens on at least one occasion during pregnancy from 20.4% of the women.

Prospective study of congenital cytomegalovirus infection.

The overall incidence of neonates with urinary cytomegalovirus (CMV) excretion was 0.9% of 954 tested. The incidence was twice as high in the lower as in the upper socioeconomic group (SEG).

Stomal ulcers after gastric bypass.

Introduction of gastric bypass as treatment for morbid obesity in 1966 caused over its ulcerogenic potential as an antral exclusion procedure. However, in only 20 of our 653 patients has marginal ulceration developed. Predominant symptoms were epigastric pain, occult gastrointestinal bleeding, and vomiting.

Psychiatric diagnosis of morbidly obese gastric bypass patients.

Eighty morbidly obese patients who had had gastric bypass operations were interviewed for psychiatric diagnoses using DSM-III criteria. The lifetime prevalence of Axis I clinical psychiatric diagnoses was 47.5%, with depressive disorders occurring in 28.

In vitro susceptibility of 104 clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae to moxalactam (LY127935), ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and ticarcillin.

A total of 104 strains of Haemophilus influenzae isolated from pediatric patients over a 1-year period were tested for susceptibility to moxalactam (LY127935), ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and ticarcillin. Of these strains, 30 produced beta-lactamase. LY127935 inhibited 99% of the strains at a concentration of 0.

Gastric bypass in morbid obesity.

Gastric operations for the treatment of morbid obesity have been standardized. They require close adherence to specifications for success. The upper stomach volume should be measured intraoperatively and fashioned to a capacity of 50 ml at a pressure of 25 to 30 cm of saline.

Failure of penicillin to eradicate group B streptococcal colonization in the pregnant woman. A couple study.

Prophylactic treatment of couples with oral penicillin has been recommended as a means of eradicating GBS from the parturient female. In 1977 and 1978 this hypothesis was tested in an investigation of couples from a middle and upper socioeconomic group in Houston, Texas. A group of 40 women, known to be colonized with GBS during the third trimester of pregnancy, and their husbands were treated simultaneously with oral penicillin.

Statistical-mechanical theory of passive transport through semipermeable membranes.

The first general multicomponent equations for transport through semipermeable membranes are derived from basic statistical-mechanical principles. The procedure follows that used earlier for open membranes, but semipermeability is modelled mathematically by the introduction of external forces on the impermeant species. Gases are treated first in order to clarify the problems involved, but the final results apply to general nonideal solutions of any concentration.

Risk reduction in gastric operations for obesity.

Although nearly devoid of late complications, gastric operations for obesity have resulted in 4.7% early postoperative perforations. For patients over 39 years of age who perforated, the first 11 patients died and the last 9 survived.