Perceptions of unilluminated occupations a survey of Danish occupational therapists.

Background: In occupational therapy and -science positive aspects of occupation are highlighted. Recently, this discourse has been questioned, as it might leave out occupations - referred to as unilluminated occupations (UO) - that hold value to people, without fitting the positive ideal.

Aim: To translate UO into Danish and to examine how occupational therapists (OTs) view and address UO.

"Metacognitive Reflection and Insight Therapy" (MERIT) for the Occupational Therapy Practitioner.

Metacognitive Reflection and Insight Therapy (MERIT) is a manualized, evidence-based approach that supports occupational participation through its focus on the inter-related constructs of meaning making, positionality, and self-definition (Lysaker et al., 2020). MERIT's core tenets parallel the fundamentals of occupational therapy, making it an ideal guiding methodology for mental health occupational therapy practice.

Disability Studies and Occupational Therapy: Renewing the Call for Change.

Disability studies (DS) is an interdisciplinary field grounded in a minority studies philosophy that approaches disability as a socially constructed phenomenon. The first special issue of the American Journal of Occupational Therapy on DS was published in 2005. The present issue serves as a follow-up to highlight opportunities for and examples of DS integration into occupational therapy education, research, and practice.

"A Legitimate Place in the Profession": Author Reflections on the 2005 Disability Studies Special Issue.

Importance: In 2005, the American Journal of Occupational Therapy published a special issue focused on disability studies. Contributing authors challenged readers to reflect on their practices and recommended ways to change the field, yet literature on the current state of the integration of disability studies into occupational therapy is scarce.

Objective: To engage the original authors of the 2005 special issue in an examination of perspectives on how disability studies perspectives have contributed to changes within occupational therapy and what work remains.

Supporting Occupational Justice for Transgender and Gender-Nonconforming People Through Narrative-Informed Theater: A Mixed-Methods Feasibility Study.

Importance: Societal stigma gravely impedes occupational justice for transgender and gender-nonconforming (TGNC) people, producing vast health disparities for this population.

Objective: To test the feasibility of an intervention to reduce stigma and improve the well-being of TGNC people.

Design: A parallel, mixed-methods design was used to test feasibility in the areas of acceptability, demand, and limited efficacy.

Examination of ionoregulatory characteristics of South American cichlids.

We examined ionoregulatory traits of four cichlid species from South America, oscars (Astronotus ocellatus), Tapajos cichlids (Geophagus sp.), Macmaster's dwarf cichlids (Apistogramma macmasteri), and keyhole cichlids (Cleithracara maronii), all inhabitants of ion-poor waters. K values for Na transport in fish held in 100 μmol L Na water ranged from 49 to 143 μmol L, and J values spanned 450 to 1205 nmol g h.

Role for Occupational Therapy in Community Mental Health: Using Policy to Advance Scholarship of Practice.

Occupational therapists must be aware of professional and policy trends. More importantly, occupational therapists must be involved in efforts to influence policy both for the profession and for the people they serve (Bonder, 1987). Using the state of Illinois as an example, this article reviews the policies and initiatives that impact service decisions for persons with psychiatric disabilities as well as the rationale for including occupational therapy in community mental health service provision.

Commensal bacteria and MAMPs are necessary for stress-induced increases in IL-1β and IL-18 but not IL-6, IL-10 or MCP-1.

Regular interactions between commensal bacteria and the enteric mucosal immune environment are necessary for normal immunity. Alterations of the commensal bacterial communities or mucosal barrier can disrupt immune function. Chronic stress interferes with bacterial community structure (specifically, α-diversity) and the integrity of the intestinal barrier.

The inflammasome and danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are implicated in cytokine and chemokine responses following stressor exposure.

Exposure to stressors or trauma in the absence of pathogenic challenge can stimulate a systemic sterile inflammatory response characterized by high concentrations of blood and tissue cytokines, chemokines, and danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as heat shock protein-72 (Hsp72), and uric acid. The signaling pathways responsible for these responses remain unclear, however, the inflammasome may play a role. In vitro, DAMPs are known to stimulate the inflammasome in the presence of LPS to activate caspase-1 which cleaves immature precursors of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 into their mature releasable forms.

Cholesterol granulomas of the breast. A lesion which clinically mimics carcinoma.

Cholesterol granuloma formation is an unusual development in the advanced stage of mammary duct ectasia. Its recognition is important because it can be clinically, mammographically, and grossly confused with carcinoma. Five such cases thought clinically to be carcinoma are presented.