The EFSA Plant Health Panel performed a pest categorisation of pv. (Nayudu) Dye, a Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the Xanthomonadaceae family. The pathogen is a well-defined taxonomic unit and is the causal agent of the leaf spot and bacterial canker of .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflammatory disease of the skin with a chronic, relapsing-remitting course. The pathogenesis of the disease is poorly understood and involves multiple factors, including genetics, environment, host-microbe interactions, and immune dysregulation. In particular, the composition of the cutaneous microbiome shifts as the disease progresses, although it is unclear whether this is a primary or secondary process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of the mango red spider mite, (Rahman and Sapra, 1940) (Acari: Prostigmata: Tetranychidae), for the territory of the EU. This species is not included in the EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072. The polyphagous mite feeds on more than 50 host plants including tropical fruits such as mangoes and avocados and temperate fruits such as pears, peaches, pomegranates and grapes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) for the EU territory. This species is not included in the EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072. , a mealybug native to Japan, has spread to other parts of Asia, as well as to North America and Europe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'). This Scientific Opinion covers plant health risks posed by 1- to 3-year-old dormant grafted plants and rootstocks of imported from Ukraine, taking into account the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by Ukraine. All pests associated with the commodity were evaluated against specific criteria for their relevance for this opinion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of the eggplant fruit and shoot borer, Guenée, (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), for the territory of the EU. is a tropical and sub-tropical species native to Asia and Australia with India considered its centre of origin. Following taxonomic revision, literature reporting from sub-Saharan Africa should be regarded as referring to members of a complex of other species of native to Africa and not as referring to .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe EFSA Plant Health Panel performed a pest categorisation of Padwick. is a well-characterised fungal plant pathogen with opportunistic behaviour, mostly isolated along with other fungal pathogens in symptomatic hosts. It has been reported from Africa, America, Asia and Oceania where it is has been associated with a wide range of symptoms on approximately 25 cultivated and non-cultivated plant species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe EFSA Plant Health Panel performed a pest categorisation of Damm, Alizadeh & Toy. Sato, a well-defined fungus of the species complex which has been reported from Africa, Asia and America to cause anthracnose and pre- and post-harvest fruit rots on more than 30 plant genera. The pathogen has not been reported from the EU territory and is not included in EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) has been responsible for several deadly epidemics throughout the 20th century, but a renewed commitment to disease control has significantly reduced new cases and motivated a target for the elimination of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense-HAT by 2030. However, the recent identification of latent human infections, and the detection of trypanosomes in extravascular tissues hidden from current diagnostic tools, such as the skin, has added new complexity to identifying infected individuals. New and improved diagnostic tests to detect Trypanosoma brucei infection by interrogating the skin are therefore needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of the snout moth Mally, Korycinska, Agassiz, Hall, Hodgetts & Nuss (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), for the territory of the EU. This species is not included in the EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072. This oligophagous species, which feeds on fruit and leaves of (Ethiopian eggplant) and .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of the black vine thrips, (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), for the EU territory. This species is not included in EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072. This polyphagous species feeds, among others, on apple, avocado, banana, cotton, grapevine, persimmon, pear, walnut and other plants cultivated in the EU.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSubspecies of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei are the causative agents of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT), a debilitating neglected tropical disease prevalent across sub-Saharan Africa. HAT case numbers have steadily decreased since the start of the century, and sustainable elimination of one form of the disease is in sight. However, key to this is the development of novel drugs to combat the disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIt is a standard procedure in many countries that response to a nuclear or radiological accident or incident would involve mobile aerial- or ground-based survey with highly sensitive gamma-ray detectors to map the distribution of radioactivity. There may however arise situations in which ground- or air-based detectors are not able to access an area to survey for radioactive materials, therefore technologies and techniques that can estimate the position and activity of radioactive materials from a distance are under development. Tomographic reconstruction methods, well-known in medical physics, permit the reconstruction of an N-dimensional map or image, from a number of N-1-dimensional cross-sectional images, or back-projections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrosstalk between T cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages in temporal leukocyte clusters within barrier tissues provides a new concept for T cell activation in the skin. Activated T cells from these leukocyte clusters play critical roles in the efferent phase of allergic contact hypersensitivity (CHS). However, the cytokines driving maintenance and survival of pathogenic T cells during and following CHS remain mostly unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo define the incidence, predictors and prognosis of the first hospital delirium episode in Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonism (AP), we identified the first hospital episode of delirium after diagnosis in the Parkinsonism Incidence in North-East Scotland (PINE) study, a prospective community-based incidence cohort of parkinsonism, using chart-based criteria to define delirium. Of 296 patients (189=PD, 107=AP [dementia with Lewy bodies, progressive supranuclear palsy, multiple system atrophy, vascular parkinsonism]), 152 developed delirium (PD = 98, AP = 54). Incidence of first hospital delirium episode per 100 person years was 8.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: CF is traditionally assessed in clinic. It is unclear if home monitoring of young people with CF is feasible or acceptable. The COVID-19 pandemic has made home monitoring more of a necessity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by recurrent abscesses, nodules, and sinus tracts in areas of high hair follicle and sweat gland density. These sinus tracts can present with purulent drainage and scar formation. Dysregulation of multiple immune pathways drives the complexity of HS pathogenesis and may account for the heterogeneity of treatment response in HS patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe European Commission requested to the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to evaluate a dossier from South Africa where the application of the systems approach to mitigate the risk of entry of the false codling moth, (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), into the EU when trading citrus fruits is explained. After collecting additional evidence from the Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development of South Africa, and reviewing the published literature, the Panel performed an assessment on the likelihood of pest freedom for on citrus fruits at the point of entry in the EU considering the proposed systems approach. An expert judgement is given on the likelihood of pest freedom following the evaluation of the risk mitigation measures on , including any uncertainties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe EFSA Plant Health Panel performed a pest categorisation of Prihast., a well-defined polyphagous fungus of the complex which has been reported from all the five continents to cause anthracnose, bitter rot and leaf spotting diseases on over 90 cultivated and non-cultivated woody or herbaceous plant species. The pathogen is not included in EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) for the European Union (EU) territory. This species is not included in EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072. is native to North America and has spread to all continents except Antarctica.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of the citrus fruit midge, Jiang (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), for the territory of the EU. This species is not included in EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072. This oligophagous species, which feeds on spp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for the EU territory. This species is not included in EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072. is a polyphagous pest native to South Africa which has spread to Australia and New Zealand, Reunion and St Helena.
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