Combined Loss of Obsc and Obsl1 in Murine Hearts Results in Diastolic Dysfunction, Altered Metabolism, and Deregulated Mitophagy.

Background: Muscle proteins of the obscurin protein family play important roles in sarcomere organization and sarcoplasmic reticulum and T-tubule architecture and function. However, their precise molecular functions and redundancies between protein family members as well as their involvement in cardiac diseases remain to be fully understood.

Methods: To investigate the functional roles of Obsc (obscurin) and its close homolog Obsl1 (obscurin-like 1) in the heart, we generated and analyzed knockout mice for , , as well as double knockouts.

Helical Sense Control of Metal-Peptide Torus Frameworks Leading to the Folding and Assembly of a AgL Braided Peptide Nanotube.

The chirality of helical polypeptides is correlated to that of their constituent amino acid residues. For polypeptides with non-natural backbones, however, such correlations are less clear. Here, circular double helices with torus knot/link topologies were assembled from non-natural metal-peptide chains composed of Ag(I) ions and ditopic tripeptides with Gly-Gly-Ala and Gly-Ala-Gly sequences.

Supramolecular coordination cages as crystalline sponges through a symmetry mismatch strategy.

The crystalline sponge method enables single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of guests absorbed within single-crystalline porous materials. However, its application with large or highly polar guests remains challenging. In this study, we addressed some of these limitations using palladium-based octahedron-shaped ML (T) coordination cages as crystalline sponges.

Design, Synthesis, and Mechanistic Anticancer Evaluation of New Pyrimidine-Tethered Compounds.

Despite recent breakthroughs in cancer treatment, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and breast cancer remain major causes of death from all malignancies. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important mediator of the pathways involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Thus, its overexpression triggers several types of cancer, including NSCLC and breast cancer.

Comprehensive Review of Environmental Surveillance for Azole-Resistant : A Practical Roadmap for Hospital Clinicians and Infection Control Teams.

As azole-resistant emerges globally, healthcare facilities face mounting challenges in managing invasive aspergillosis. This review synthesizes worldwide azole resistance data to reveal profound regional variability, demonstrating that findings from other regions cannot be directly extrapolated to local settings. Consequently, hospital-level environmental surveillance is crucial for tailoring interventions to local epidemiology and detecting resistant strains in real-time.

Brain activity during a public-speaking situation in virtual reality in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia.

Background: Psychosocial stress plays a central role in the pathophysiology of disorders of gut-brain interactions (DGBI), including functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Brain activity during psychosocial stress in patients with DGBI has not been adequately investigated. In this prospective study, we aimed to explore brain activity during psychosocial stress in patients with DGBI.

Concomitant medications in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma receiving enfortumab vedotin: real-world data from the ARON-2 study.

Patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) are typically elderly and often have other comorbidities that require the use of concomitant medications. In our study we evaluated the association of concomitant use of antibiotics (ATBs), proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), corticosteroids, statins, metformin and insulin with patient outcomes and we validated the prognostic role of a concomitant drug score in mUC patients treated with enfortumab vedotin (EV) monotherapy. Data from 436 patients enrolled in the ARON-2 retrospective study were analyzed according to the concomitant medications used at baseline.

The effect of calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies on restless legs syndrome in patients with migraine.

Background: Calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibody (CGRP mAb) effects on restless legs syndrome (RLS) are unclear.

Methods: Fifteen migraine patients (aged 49.1 ± 5.

Rheumatoid arthritis and subsequent fracture risk: an individual person meta-analysis to update FRAX.

Unlabelled: The relationship between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and fracture risk was estimated in an international meta-analysis of individual-level data from 29 prospective cohorts. RA was associated with an increased fracture risk in men and women, and these data will be used to update FRAX®.

Introduction: RA is a well-documented risk factor for subsequent fracture that is incorporated into the FRAX algorithm.

[Splenic Sarcoidosis with Concurrent Gastric Cancer Diagnosed by Robot-Assisted Surgery-A Case Report].

An 83-year-old woman was referred for the surgical treatment of early gastric cancer. FDG-PET/CT showed multiple space-occupying lesions in the spleen with abnormal FDG accumulation. Robot-assisted distal gastrectomy(D1+), Billroth Ⅱ reconstruction, and robot-assisted splenectomy were simultaneously performed for the diagnosis of splenic tumors without any intraoperative complications.

Non-Targeted Metabolome Analysis with Low-Dose Selenate-Treated .

Selenate, the most common form of selenium (Se) in soil environments, is beneficial for higher plants. Selenate is similar to sulfate in terms of the structure and the manner of assimilation by plants, which involves the reduction of selenate to selenide and the replacement of an S moiety in the organic compounds such as amino acids. The nonspecific incorporation of seleno-amino acids into proteins induce Se toxicity in plants.

Safety of Mechanically Fibrillated Cellulose Nanofibers (CNFs) by Inhalation Exposure Based on TG412.

An investigation into the acute toxicity of mechanically fibrillated cellulose nanofibers (fib-CNFs), with a fiber length ranging from 500 to 600 nm, was conducted in accordance with the OECD TG412 guidelines. In this study, rats were exposed to fib-CNFs via nasal inhalation for 6 h daily over a 28-day period. The highest exposure concentration was set at 35 mg/m, with intermediate and low concentrations at 7.

Does body composition relate to active drag during arms-only front crawl swimming in male collegiate swimmers?

Objectives: Fat tissue does not directly contribute to an increase in propulsive force in swimming, though it has the potential to indirectly enhance swimming performance by reducing active drag as the specific gravity of fat tissue is lower than that of water. However, the relationship between body composition and active drag has not been elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate how body composition relates to active drag during arms-only front crawl swimming.

Real-world outcomes with avelumab + axitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma in Japan: subgroup analyses from the J-DART2 study by International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium risk classification.

Background: Avelumab + axitinib was approved for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) in Japan in December 2019. We report long-term real-world subgroup analyses with first-line avelumab + axitinib in patients with aRCC by International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) risk classification from the J-DART2 study in Japan.

Methods: J-DART2 was a multicenter, noninterventional, retrospective study examining characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes in patients with aRCC who started first-line avelumab + axitinib in Japan between December 2019 and October 2022.

Factors Associated With Inadequate Gestational Weight Gain: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study.

Inadequate gestational weight gain (GWG) is associated with birth weight and premature birth and is a primary problem in Asia, particularly in Japan. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with inadequate GWG, focusing on women's target GWG and advised GWG by healthcare professionals. A questionnaire for women in their second trimester inquired about their target GWG and advice regarding GWG by healthcare professionals.

Development of a near-infrared fluorescent probe for the selective detection of severe hypoxia.

Severely hypoxic environments with oxygen concentrations around 1% are often found in serious diseases such as ischemia and cancer. However, existing near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes that can visualize hypoxia are also activated in mildly hypoxic environments (around 5% oxygen). Here, in order to selectively detect severe hypoxia, we used julolidine-based SiR (JSiR) as a NIR fluorophore and developed T-azoJSiR640 as a fluorescent probe.

Engineered heart muscle allografts for heart repair in primates and humans.

Cardiomyocytes can be implanted to remuscularize the failing heart. Challenges include sufficient cardiomyocyte retention for a sustainable therapeutic impact without intolerable side effects, such as arrhythmia and tumour growth. We investigated the hypothesis that epicardial engineered heart muscle (EHM) allografts from induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and stromal cells structurally and functionally remuscularize the chronically failing heart without limiting side effects in rhesus macaques.

High implantation of a balloon-expandable valve above the left ventricular outflow calcification improves the prosthetic valve function without increasing complications: a case series.

Background: The initial outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement in patients with left ventricular outflow tract calcification are poor. Furthermore, balloon-expandable transcatheter aortic valve replacement is associated with an increased risk of annular rupture, and self-expandable transcatheter aortic valve replacement is associated with worse post-operative residual paravalvular leakage grades. Therefore, developing an optimal method for transcatheter aortic valve replacement for patients with left ventricular outflow tract calcification is desirable.

The cortical high-flow sign in oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted is correlated with histological cortical vascular density.

Background And Purpose: The cortical high-flow sign has been more commonly reported in oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted (ODG IDHm-codel) compared to diffuse glioma with IDH-wildtype or astrocytoma, IDH-mutant. Besides tumor types, higher grades of glioma might also contribute to the cortical high flow. Therefore, we investigated whether the histological cortical vascular density or CNS WHO grade was associated with the cortical high-flow sign in patients with ODG IDHm-codel.

Urinary odor molecules in the Otassha Study can distinguish patients with sarcopenia: A pilot study.

Aim: To identify sarcopenia markers in urinary odor.

Methods: We performed solid-phase microextraction from the headspace and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of urinary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in 71 healthy individuals and 68 patients diagnosed with sarcopenia according to the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. The mass-to-charge ratios (m/z) of 10 VOCs with a significant difference in the total ion chromatogram of 220 VOCs detected in this study were compared by U-test.

Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage Due to Macrolide-Refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae Diagnosed by FilmArray Analysis of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid.

typically causes mild respiratory infections but can rarely lead to severe complications. We report a case of a 43-year-old immunocompetent male who presented with progressive dyspnea and respiratory failure with bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, refractory to outpatient treatment with azithromycin, ceftriaxone, and levofloxacin. Bronchoscopy revealed multiple white plaques in the trachea and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.

Prevalence and Clinical Outcomes of Discordant Lesions Between Fractional Flow Reserve and Nonhyperemic Pressure Ratios in Clinical Practice: The J-PRIDE Registry.

Background: Limited large-scale, real-world data exist on the prevalence and clinical impact of discordance between fractional flow reserve (FFR) and nonhyperemic pressure ratios (NHPRs).

Methods: The J-PRIDE registry (Clinical Outcomes of Japanese Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Assessed by Resting Indices and Fractional Flow Reserve: A Prospective Multicenter Registry) prospectively enrolled 4304 lesions in 3200 patients from 20 Japanese centers. The lesions were classified into FFR+/NHPR-, FFR-/NHPR+, FFR+/NHPR+, or FFR-/NHPR groups according to cutoff values of 0.

Dietary RNA from Torula Yeast Prevents Capillary Regression in Atrophied Skeletal Muscle in Rats.

Chronic neuromuscular inactivity induces capillary regression within skeletal muscle. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential effects of dietary nucleic acids in counteracting the capillary reduction linked to chronic neuromuscular inactivity in the soleus muscle. The study utilized four distinct groups of female Wistar rats: a control group (CON), a hindlimb-unloading group (HU), an HU group supplemented with DNA (HU + DNA), and an HU group supplemented with RNA (HU + RNA).

Association of Preoperative Physical Fitness With Post-Esophagectomy Pneumonia in Older With Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer: An Exploratory Prospective Study.

Backgrounds: Currently, there is a lack of evidence of prehabilitation during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) to prevent pneumonia of older patients. This study aimed to investigate the association of preoperative physical fitness after NAC with post-esophagectomy pneumonia in older patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer (LAEC).

Methods: This single-center exploratory prospective cohort study included 80 patients aged ≥ 65 years with LAEC scheduled for curative esophagectomy after NAC between 2021 and 2023.

Decoding Brain Development and Aging: Pioneering Insights From MRI Techniques.

The aging process induces a variety of changes in the brain detectable by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These changes include alterations in brain volume, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) white matter hyperintense lesions, and variations in tissue properties such as relaxivity, myelin, iron content, neurite density, and other microstructures. Each MRI technique offers unique insights into the structural and compositional changes occurring in the brain due to normal aging or neurodegenerative diseases.