Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for Nonacute Subdural Hematoma.

Background: The effect of embolization of the middle meningeal artery in patients with subacute or chronic subdural hematoma is uncertain.

Methods: We performed a multicenter, open-label, randomized trial in China, involving patients with symptomatic nonacute subdural hematoma with mass effect. Patients were assigned to undergo burr-hole drainage or receive nonsurgical treatment at the surgeon's discretion, and patients in each group were then randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to undergo middle meningeal artery embolization with liquid embolic material or to receive usual care.

Association of Conscious Sedation With Dexmedetomidine and Outcome in Stroke Patients Undergoing Thrombectomy in the DEVT and RESCUE-BT Trials.

Background And Objectives: Although dexmedetomidine (DEX) is widely administered during endovascular treatment (EVT) to enhance procedural adherence of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with large vessel occlusion, there is limited research on the association of DEX and outcomes among these patients. Hence, this study aimed to explore the safety and outcomes of DEX during conscious sedation (CS) in a real-world setting among patients undergoing EVT.

Methods: This study was an individual patient-level pooled analysis of 2 multicenter randomized clinical trials RESCUE-BT and DEVT.

One-Stage Orbital Decompression Combined With Intraoperative Muscle Relaxation for TAO: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To gauge the efficacy and safety of performing a one-stage endoscopic orbital decompression procedure combined with the intraoperative relaxed medial rectus muscle (MR) positioning technique as a means of treating esotropia associated with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO).

Design: Prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.

Comparing neoantigen cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint therapy unveils an effective vaccine and anti-TREM2 macrophage-targeting dual therapy.

The goal of therapeutic cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) is to promote T cells with anti-tumor capabilities. Here, we compared mutant neoantigen (neoAg) peptide-based vaccines with ICT in preclinical models. NeoAg vaccines induce the most robust expansion of proliferating and stem-like PD-1TCF-1 neoAg-specific CD8 T cells in tumors.

Disease prediction with multi-omics and biomarkers empowers case-control genetic discoveries in the UK Biobank.

The emergence of biobank-level datasets offers new opportunities to discover novel biomarkers and develop predictive algorithms for human disease. Here, we present an ensemble machine-learning framework (machine learning with phenotype associations, MILTON) utilizing a range of biomarkers to predict 3,213 diseases in the UK Biobank. Leveraging the UK Biobank's longitudinal health record data, MILTON predicts incident disease cases undiagnosed at time of recruitment, largely outperforming available polygenic risk scores.

promotes oncogenesis and lethal progression of prostate cancer.

Higher levels of aneuploidy, characterized by imbalanced chromosome numbers, are associated with lethal progression in prostate cancer. However, how aneuploidy contributes to prostate cancer aggressiveness remains poorly understood. In this study, we assessed in patients which genes on chromosome 8q, one of the most frequently gained chromosome arms in prostate tumors, were most strongly associated with long-term risk of cancer progression to metastases and death from prostate cancer (lethal disease) in 403 patients and found the strongest candidate was cohesin subunit gene, , with an odds ratio of 3.

Adsorption properties of Pb(II) and Cd(II) in acid mine drainage by oyster shell loaded lignite composite in different morphologies.

A new idea to alleviate environmental pollution is the development of low-cost adsorbents using natural minerals and fishery wastes to treat high concentrations of heavy metal pollutants in acid mine drainage (AMD). Adsorbent morphology, adsorptive and regenerative capacity, and application potential are limiting factors for their large-scale use. Oyster shells capable of releasing alkalinity were loaded on the surface of lignite to develop two composite adsorbents with different morphologies (powdery and globular) for the treatment of AMD containing Pb(II) and Cd(II).

The CNS relapse in T-cell lymphoma index predicts CNS relapse in patients with T- and NK-cell lymphomas.

Little is known about risk factors for central nervous system (CNS) relapse in mature T-cell and natural killer cell neoplasms (MTNKNs). We aimed to describe the clinical epidemiology of CNS relapse in patients with MTNKN and developed the CNS relapse In T-cell lymphoma Index (CITI) to predict patients at the highest risk of CNS relapse. We reviewed data from 135 patients with MTNKN and CNS relapse from 19 North American institutions.

A common polymorphism in the Intelectin-1 gene influences mucus plugging in severe asthma.

By incompletely understood mechanisms, type 2 (T2) inflammation present in the airways of severe asthmatics drives the formation of pathologic mucus which leads to airway mucus plugging. Here we investigate the molecular role and clinical significance of intelectin-1 (ITLN-1) in the development of pathologic airway mucus in asthma. Through analyses of human airway epithelial cells we find that ITLN1 gene expression is highly induced by interleukin-13 (IL-13) in a subset of metaplastic MUC5AC mucus secretory cells, and that ITLN-1 protein is a secreted component of IL-13-induced mucus.

Partial root-zone drying irrigation improves intrinsic water-use efficiency and maintains high photosynthesis by uncoupling stomatal and mesophyll conductance in cotton leaves.

Partial root-zone drying irrigation (PRD) can improve water-use efficiency (WUE) without reductions in photosynthesis; however, the mechanism by which this is attained is unclear. To amend that, PRD conditions were simulated by polyethylene glycol 6000 in a root-splitting system and the effects of PRD on cotton growth were studied. Results showed that PRD decreased stomatal conductance (g) but increased mesophyll conductance (g).

A Cell-free DNA Blood-Based Test for Colorectal Cancer Screening.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer in adults in the United States. Early detection could prevent more than 90% of colorectal cancer-related deaths, yet more than one third of the screening-eligible population is not up to date with screening despite multiple available tests. A blood-based test has the potential to improve screening adherence, detect colorectal cancer earlier, and reduce colorectal cancer-related mortality.

Activation of GPR3-β-arrestin2-PKM2 pathway in Kupffer cells stimulates glycolysis and inhibits obesity and liver pathogenesis.

Kupffer cells are liver resident macrophages and play critical role in fatty liver disease, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that activation of G-protein coupled receptor 3 (GPR3) in Kupffer cells stimulates glycolysis and protects mice from obesity and fatty liver disease. GPR3 activation induces a rapid increase in glycolysis via formation of complexes between β-arrestin2 and key glycolytic enzymes as well as sustained increase in glycolysis through transcription of glycolytic genes.

Tumor- and circulating-free DNA methylation identifies clinically relevant small cell lung cancer subtypes.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignancy composed of distinct transcriptional subtypes, but implementing subtyping in the clinic has remained challenging, particularly due to limited tissue availability. Given the known epigenetic regulation of critical SCLC transcriptional programs, we hypothesized that subtype-specific patterns of DNA methylation could be detected in tumor or blood from SCLC patients. Using genomic-wide reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) in two cohorts totaling 179 SCLC patients and using machine learning approaches, we report a highly accurate DNA methylation-based classifier (SCLC-DMC) that can distinguish SCLC subtypes.

Automated Determination of the H3 K27-Altered Status in Spinal Cord Diffuse Midline Glioma by Radiomics Based on T2-Weighted MR Images.

Background And Purpose: Conventional MR imaging is not sufficient to discern the H3 K27-altered status of spinal cord diffuse midline glioma. This study aimed to develop a radiomics-based model based on preoperative T2WI to determine the H3 K27-altered status of spinal cord diffuse midline glioma.

Materials And Methods: Ninety-seven patients with confirmed spinal cord diffuse midline gliomas were retrospectively recruited and randomly assigned to the training ( = 67) and test ( = 30) sets.

Progression of PROM1-Associated Retinal Degeneration as Determined by Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Over a 24-Month Period.

Purpose: To evaluate the progression of atrophy as determined by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in patients with molecularly confirmed PROM1-associated retinal degeneration (RD) over a 24-month period.

Design: International, multicenter, prospective case series.

Methods: A total of 13 eyes (13 patients) affected with PROM1-associated RD were enrolled at 5 sites and SD-OCT images were obtained at baseline and after 24 months.