Impressions about harm are formed rapidly and then refined, modulated by serotonin.

Attributing motives to others is a crucial aspect of mentalizing, can be biased by prejudice, and is affected by common psychiatric disorders. It is therefore important to understand in depth the mechanisms underpinning it. Toward improving models of mentalizing motives, we hypothesized that people quickly infer whether other's motives are likely beneficial or detrimental, then refine their judgment (classify-refine).

Use of tamoxifene-controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for fertility preservation before breast cancer treatment: A prospective cohort study with a 5-year follow-up.

Purpose: Fertility issues are of great concern for young women undergoing treatment for breast cancer (BC). Fertility preservation (FP) protocols using controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) with letrozole have been widely used with overall good results. However, letrozole cannot be used in every country in this context.

Intestinal absorption of sphingosine: new insights on generated ceramide species using stable isotope tracing in vitro.

Dietary sphingomyelin (SM) has been reported to favorably modulate postprandial lipemia. Mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk markers are not fully elucidated. Rodent studies showed that tritiated SM was hydrolyzed in the intestinal lumen into ceramides (Cer) and further to sphingosine (SPH) and fatty acids (FA) that were absorbed by the intestine.

Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Soluble Glycoprotein 120 Association With Correlates of Immune Dysfunction and Inflammation in Antiretroviral Therapy-Treated Individuals With Undetectable Viremia.

Background: Chronic inflammation persists in some people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during antiretroviral therapy and is associated with premature aging. The glycoprotein 120 (gp120) subunit of HIV-1 envelope sheds and can be detected in plasma, showing immunomodulatory properties even in the absence of detectable viremia. We evaluated whether plasma soluble gp120 (sgp120) and a family of gp120-specific anti-cluster A antibodies, linked to CD4 depletion in vitro, contribute to chronic inflammation, immune dysfunction, and subclinical cardiovascular disease in participants of the Canadian HIV and Aging Cohort Study with undetectable viremia.

Two-Photon Light Trigger siRNA Transfection of Cancer Cells Using Non-Toxic Porous Silicon Nanoparticles.

The concept of using two-photon excitation in the NIR for the spatiotemporal control of biological processes holds great promise. However, its use for the delivery of nucleic acids has been very scarcely described and the reported procedures are not optimal as they often involve potentially toxic materials and irradiation conditions. This work prepares a simple system made of biocompatible porous silicon nanoparticles (pSiNP) for the safe siRNA photocontrolled delivery and gene silencing in cells upon two-photon excitation.

A Cognitive Aid Improves Adherence to Guidelines for Critical Endotracheal Intubation in the Resuscitation Room: A Randomized Controlled Trial With Manikin-Based In Situ Simulation.

Introduction: Emergency endotracheal intubation (ETI) is a high-risk procedure. Some of its adverse events are life-threatening, and guidelines emphasize the need to anticipate complications by thorough preparation. The emergency department (ED) can be an unpredictable environment, and we tested the hypothesis that a cognitive aid would help the emergency practitioners better follow guidelines.

High-Power (40-50 W) Radiofrequency Ablation Guided by Unipolar Signal Modification for Pulmonary Vein Isolation: Experimental Findings and Clinical Results.

Background Although proposed to facilitate pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), high-power ablation may favor extracardiac damage. Negative component abolition of the unipolar signal reflects lesion transmurality. The present study sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of high-power ablation using unipolar signal modification as a local end point.

Impact of Preexisting Left Bundle Branch Block in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Recipients.

Background: The impact of preexisting left bundle branch block (LBBB) in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) recipients is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of preexisting LBBB on clinical outcomes after TAVR.

Methods And Results: This multicenter study evaluated 3404 TAVR candidates according to the presence or absence of LBBB on baseline ECG.

G protein-dependent signaling triggers a β-arrestin-scaffolded p70S6K/ rpS6 module that controls 5'TOP mRNA translation.

Many interaction partners of β-arrestins intervene in the control of mRNA translation. However, how β-arrestins regulate this cellular process has been poorly explored. In this study, we show that β-arrestins constitutively assemble a p70S6K/ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6) complex in HEK293 cells and in primary Sertoli cells of the testis.

Seasonal changes in prescribing of long-acting beta-2-agonists-containing drugs.

Background: For patients with asthma, COPD, or asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS), inter-country comparisons of seasonal changes in drug prescriptions are scarce or missing. Hence, we aimed to compare seasonal changes in prescription rates of long-acting beta-2-agonist (LABA) in four European countries.

Methods: A common study protocol was applied to six health care databases (Germany, Spain, the Netherlands (2), and the UK (2)) to calculate age- and sex-standardized point prevalence rates (PPRs) of LABA-containing prescriptions by the 1st of March, June, September, and December of each year during the study period 2002-2009.

Infective endocarditis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: results from a large multicenter registry.

Background: We aimed to determine the incidence, predictors, clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of infective endocarditis (IE) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).

Methods And Results: This multicenter registry included 53 patients (mean age, 79±8 years; men, 57%) who suffered IE after TAVI of 7944 patients after a mean follow-up of 1.1±1.

Chronic urinary obstruction: evaluation of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR urography for measurement of split renal function.

Purpose: To evaluate if measurement of split renal function ( SRF split renal function ) with dynamic contrast material-enhanced ( DCE dynamic contrast enhanced ) magnetic resonance (MR) urography is equivalent to that with renal scintigraphy ( RS renal scintigraphy ) in patients suspected of having chronic urinary obstruction.

Materials And Methods: The study protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee of the coordinating center on behalf of all participating centers. Informed consent was obtained from all adult patients or both parents of children.

Hyperactivation of Alk induces neonatal lethality in knock-in AlkF1178L mice.

The ALK (Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase) gene encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor preferentially expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems. A syndromic presentation associating congenital neuroblastoma with severe encephalopathy and an abnormal shape of the brainstem has been described in patients harbouring de novo germline F1174V and F1245V ALK mutations. Here, we investigated the phenotype of knock-in (KI) mice bearing the AlkF1178L mutation (F1174L in human).

Monte Carlo simulation of particle aggregation and gelation: I. Growth, structure and size distribution of the clusters.

Lattice and off-lattice Monte Carlo simulations of diffusion-limited cluster aggregation and gelation were done over a broad range of concentrations. The large-scale structure and the size distribution of the clusters are characterized by a crossover at a characteristic size (m(c)). For m < m(c), they are the same as obtained in a dilute DLCA process and for m >> m(c) they are the same as obtained in a static percolation process.

DHA-enriched phospholipid diets modulate age-related alterations in rat hippocampus.

Our previous work on rat hippocampus showed that a loss of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) occurs in the fatty acid composition of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), plasmenylethanolamine (PmE) and phosphatidylserine (PS) with increasing age. The present study investigated whether a DHA-enriched phospholipid dietary supplement could restore DHA levels and cholinergic activity. Male rats were fed a balanced diet containing both linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids until the age of 2, 18 and 21 months.