Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and resistant gene identification of bovine subclinical mastitis pathogens in Bangladesh.

Subclinical mastitis (SCM), a silent threat in the dairy sector of Bangladesh poses a significant economic impact and serves as a potential source of infection for healthy cows, hindering efforts to achieve milk self-sufficiency. Despite the importance of this issue, limited research has been conducted on mastitis in Sylhet region of Bangladesh. This study aimed to investigate the molecular prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility profile and resistant genes detection on pathogens ( and causing SCM.

Tough and circular glass fiber composites a tailored dynamic boronic ester interface.

Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites are valued for their strength and cost-effectiveness. However, traditional GFRPs often face challenges for end-of-life recycling due to their non-depolymerizable thermoset matrices, and long-term performance due to inadequate interfacial adhesion, which can lead to fiber-matrix delamination. Here, we have designed dynamic fiber-matrix interfaces to allow tough and closed-loop recyclable GFRPs by utilizing a vitrimer, derived from upcycled polystyrene--poly(ethylene--butylene)--polystyrene (SEBS) with boronic ester (S-Bpin) and amine-based diol crosslinker.

Leveraging digital skills to reduce cognitive strain: Implications for academic self-efficacy in medical education.

Background: Digital literacy influences academic behaviors, especially in medical education, where students encounter considerable academic challenges. However, the effects of this phenomenon on academic self-efficacy and cognitive load remain inadequately understood.

Objectives: This research explores the relationships between digital literacy and academic self-efficacy, emphasizing the mediating role of cognitive load and its various dimensions among medical students in Islamabad, Pakistan.

Growth of L-asparagine monohydrate organic single crystals: An experimental and DFT computational approach for nonlinear optical applications.

Good optical quality of L-asparagine monohydrate (CHNO.HO) organic single crystal has been grown by adopting natural slow evaporation process at room temperature from aqueous solutions. The lattice parameters obtained by powder X-ray diffraction data revealed orthorhombic crystal system of the harvested crystal.

Polyalkenamers as Drop-In Additives for Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization: A Promising Upcycling Paradigm.

We report a distinct strategy to upcycle waste polyalkenamers such as polybutadiene into new, performance-advantaged materials by using them as drop-in additives for ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). The polyalkenamers serve as competent chain-transfer agents in ROMPs of common classes of cyclic olefin monomers, facilitating good molecular weight control, allowing low Ru catalyst loadings, and enabling efficient incorporation of the polyalkenamer into the synthesized polymeric material. We successfully demonstrate ROMP using model polyalkenamers and translate these learnings to leverage commercial polybutadiene and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene () as chain transfer agents for ROMP copolymerizations.

The Paradoxical Behavior of Rough Colloids at Fluid Interfaces.

Colloidal particles adsorb and remain trapped at immiscible fluid interfaces due to strong interfacial adsorption energy with a contact angle defined by the chemistry of the particle and fluid phases. An undulated contact line may appear due to either particle surface roughness or shape anisotropy, which results in a quadrupolar interfacial deformation and strong long-range capillary interaction between neighboring particles. While each effect has been observed separately, here we report the paradoxical impact of surface roughness on spherical and anisotropic ellipsoidal polymer colloids.

Sclareol antagonizes the sedative effect of diazepam in thiopental sodium-induced sleeping animals: In vivo and in silico studies.

Background: Sclareol (SCL), a labdane diterpene compound found in Salvia sclarea L., exhibited therapeutic effects. This study investigated the potential interaction between SCL and diazepam (DZP) in modulating sedation in the thiopental sodium-induced sleeping animal model, supported by in-silico molecular docking analysis.

Crowdsourcing to increase hepatitis B and C testing and reduce hepatitis stigma among medical students in Bangladesh.

This study addresses the pervasive challenges of low hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) testing rates coupled with the stigma associated with these diseases in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with a special focus on Bangladesh. This study aims to introduce an innovative crowdsourcing intervention that involves medical students, a crucial cohort with the potential to shape healthcare attitudes. Through a structured crowdsourcing approach, the study designs and implements a digital intervention to counter stigma and promote testing among medical students in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Receptor model-based sources and risk assessment of metals in sediment of the coastal construction-oriented aquatic system in Bangladesh.

Metal pollution in sediment from construction areas raises ecological and health concerns, yet source-based sediment pollution in Bangladesh remains understudied. Our investigation focused on fifteen locations in the Kohelia River and the coastal regions near the Matarbari projects (Matarbari Power Plant, Matarbari Deep Seaport), assessing metal concentrations' sources and impacts on ecology and human well-being. Sediment quality indices indicated high Cd and Cr contamination, with sites near Matarbari projects being the most polluted.

Antibacterial potential of lactic acid bacteria isolated from raw cow milk in Sylhet district, Bangladesh: A molecular approach.

Background: The most prevalent probiotic bacterium employed in the food industry is Lactobacillus because it can produce metabolites with antibacterial capabilities and exhibits hostility towards infections and microorganisms that cause spoilage.

Aim: This study set out to identify naturally occurring Lactobacillus and plantaricin (pln EF) coding genes in raw cow milk and to assess the antibacterial potency of isolated Lactobacillus isolates.

Methods: Following enrichment in De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) broth, single colonies were isolated, and pure colonies were obtained by streaking on MRS agar.

Sequential mediation analysis of physical activity, healthy diet, BMI, and academic burnout in the Pakistani educational landscape.

Research has indicated a negative impact of physical activity on academic burnout among students, however, there is a paucity of evidence about the underlying mechanism of this association in Pakistani students. The present research seeks to investigate the relationship between physical activity and academic burnout by investigating the potential mediating effects of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and body mass index (BMI). A sample of 596 students using a cross-sectional survey design was gathered from two public universities (Riphah International University and Mohammed Ali Jinnah University) in Rawalpindi, Pakistan from June to July 2022.

Natural Isatin Derivatives Against Black Fungus: In Silico Studies.

During this coronavirus pandemic, when a lot of people are already severely afflicted with SARS-CoV-19, the dispersion of black fungus is making it worse, especially in the Indian subcontinent. Considering this situation, the idea for an in silico study to identify the potential inhibitor against black fungal infection is envisioned and computational analysis has been conducted with isatin derivatives that exhibit considerable antifungal activity. Through this in silico study, several pharmacokinetics properties like absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) are estimated for various derivatives.

Assessing stocks of (Hamilton, 1822) from three different management systems in (Oxbow lake) of southwest Bangladesh: Implications for sustainable management.

This study was conducted to observe the stock assessments of in three different management systems of (Oxbow lake) such as System-1, System-2, and System-3. In this study, 1806 specimens were sampled using traditional fishing nets to observe growth pattern, population structure, growth parameters, natural mortality (), fishing mortality (), total mortality (), recruitment pattern, exploitation rate (), relative yield per-recruit (), optimum catchable length, length at first capture, steady state biomass (), and maximum sustainable yield () from January to December 2021. Digital slide calipers and a digital balance were used to measure each individual's total length () and body weight (), respectively.

Zohra Begum Kazi: Pioneering Bengali female doctor and nationalist representation.

This paper aims to elucidate a comprehensive biographical account of Zohra Begum Kazi, the pioneering Bengali female doctor in Bangladesh. Her professional journey commenced during the British colonial time, achieved prominence during the era of Pakistan, and ultimately reached the pinnacle of her life's accomplishments in the independent Bangladesh. Despite her distinguished medical career, her life was significantly shaped by sundry historical discourses, endowing her with the attributes of a philanthropist, a revolutionist, and a nationalist.

Mn Additive Improves Zr Grain Boundary Diffusion for Sintering of a Y-Doped BaZrO Proton Conductor.

Yttrium-doped barium zirconate (BZY) has garnered attention as a protonic conductor in intermediate-temperature electrolysis and fuel cells due to its high bulk proton conductivity and excellent chemical stability. However, the performance of BZY can be further enhanced by reducing the concentration and resistance of grain boundaries. In this study, we investigate the impact of manganese (Mn) additives on the sinterability and proton conductivity of Y-doped BaZrO (BZY).

Factors associated with children's cognitive, language, and motor development in deprived urban settings in Bangladesh.

Background: Children's development is multifactorial. Although there have been several studies exploring the association of children's development with maternal, child, and environmental factors, we are unaware of any study that assessed those factors in children whose mothers were enrolled in a social safety net programme in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with disadvantaged children's cognitive, language, and motor development at age 6-16 months in deprived settings of urban Bangladesh and to identify relative importance of these factors of children's development.

Anti-diarrheal effect of piperine possibly through the interaction with inflammation inducing enzymes: In vivo and in silico studies.

Piperine is a natural alkaloid that possesses a variety of therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticarcinogenic activities. The present study aims to assess the medicinal benefits of piperine as an anti-diarrheal agent in a chick model by utilizing in vivo and in silico techniques. For this, castor oil was administered orally to 2-day-old chicks to cause diarrhea.

Growth, structural, thermal, and optical characteristics of L-asparagine monohydrate doped magnesium sulphate heptahydrate semiorganic crystals.

A novel semi-organic crystal has been grown using slow evaporation technique by doping organic compound L-asparagine monohydrate (CHNO·HO) with inorganic material Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate (MgSO·7HO). The crystallographic parameters like strain, dislocation density and crystallite size were calculated by powder X-ray diffraction method. Functional groups were identified and bond length, force constants were calculated from FT-IR spectroscopy.

Identification of synthetically tractable MERS-CoV main protease inhibitors using structure-based virtual screening and molecular dynamics potential of mean force (PMF) calculations.

The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a potentially lethal infection that presents a substantial threat to health, especially in Middle East nations. Given that no FDA-approved specific therapy for MERS infection exists, designing and discovering a potent antiviral therapy for MERS-CoV is crucial. One pivotal strategy for inhibiting MERS replication is to focus on the viral main protease (M).

Mechanistic inhibition of gastric cancer-associated bacteria by selected phytocompounds: A new cutting-edge computational approach.

Background: () is a persistent bacterial inhabitant in the stomachs of approximately half the global populace. This bacterium is directly linked to chronic gastritis, leading to a heightened risk of duodenal and gastric ulcer diseases, and is the predominant risk factor for gastric cancer - the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths globally. The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance necessitates the exploration of innovative treatment alternatives to mitigate the menace.

The impact of COVID-19 on hepatitis B and C virus prevention, diagnosis, and treatment in Bangladesh compared with Japan and the global perspective.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the effect of COVID-19 on hepatitis-related services in Bangladesh and compared the situation with same study conducted in Japan and globally.

Methods: We conducted an online cross-sectional questionnaire survey among the clinicians of four societies associated with liver disease in Bangladesh from October to December 2022. The questionnaire included the same questions as a survey conducted in Japan and globally.

Assessment of human health hazard associated with heavy metal accumulation in popular freshwater, coastal and marine fishes from south-west region, Bangladesh.

An analysis was conducted on both freshwater, coastal and marine fish species to evaluate the concentrations of heavy metals, with the aim of assessing their levels and examining the potential health risks for humans linked to the consumption of contaminated fish. This study estimate concentrations of Cr, Fe, Cu, As, Cd and Pb in 60 individuals belonging to 20 species (10 species for freshwater and another 10 for coastal and marine fishes) by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Metal concentrations of Cr, Fe, and Pb in freshwater fishes and Cr, Fe, As, and Pb in marine fishes were exceeded the maximum allowable concentration (MAC).

Association of CAPN10 gene (rs3842570) polymorphism with the type 2 diabetes mellitus among the population of Noakhali region in Bangladesh: a case-control study.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial, polygenic, and metabolically complicated disease. A large number of genes are responsible for the biogenesis of T2DM and calpain10 (CAPN10) is one of them. The association of numerous CAPN10 genetic polymorphisms in the development of T2DM has been widely studied in different populations and noticed inconclusive results.

Hirsutine, an Emerging Natural Product with Promising Therapeutic Benefits: A Systematic Review.

Fruits and vegetables are used not only for nutritional purposes but also as therapeutics to treat various diseases and ailments. These food items are prominent sources of phytochemicals that exhibit chemopreventive and therapeutic effects against several diseases. Hirsutine (HSN) is a naturally occurring indole alkaloid found in various Uncaria species and has a multitude of therapeutic benefits.

Selective deconstruction of mixed plastics by a tailored organocatalyst.

Plastic represents an essential material in our society; however, a major imbalance between their high production and end-of-life management is leading to unrecovered energy, economic hardship, and a high carbon footprint. The adoption of plastic recycling has been limited, mainly due to the difficulty of recycling mixed plastics. Here, we report a versatile organocatalyst for selective glycolysis of diverse consumer plastics and their mixed waste streams into valuable chemicals.