[Cholecystoduodenal fistule as a consequence of calculouse cholecystitis in a female elderly patient].

Bilioenteric fistules are fairly rare, cholecystoduodenal fistules are the commonest type, accounting for 70-80% of cases. Cholecystoduodenal fistules usually occur as a consequence of cholecystolithiasis and cholecystitis. Their symptomatology is atypical and fistules are frequently detected during surgery.

[How long to wait with operations for necrotizing pancreatitis?].

Introduction: Severe acute pancreatitis (pancreatitis with local and systemic complications) remains a therapeutical problem. Even more complicated is ESAP (Early Severe Acute Pancreatitis), which presents itself as a fulminant form (FAP--fulminant acute pancreatitis) and subfulminant form (SFAP--subfulminant acute pancreatitis). Severity of acute pancreatitis can be assessed with help of prognostic markers.

[The role of Hartmann's procedure and options for its reconstruction at the present time].

Introduction: Hartmann operation (rectosigmal resection, blind closure of rectum and terminal sigmostomy) is one of the options of treatment of pathology of left colon. Despite great effort to treat such surgical conditions with primary anastomosis, Hartmann's operation is in selected cases preferred. It requires, though, secondary reconstruction, which might be associated with complications.

[The role of classical surgery in treatment of acute abdomen in oncological patients].

Acute abdomen in patients with malignity may present itself as a first sign, or might manifest itself during therapy of diagnosed disease. Clinical picture might be modified by age of patients, comorbidity, and side effects of multimodal therapy. Authors analyze their group of patients, admitted to their department with malignant disease.

[The role of surgery in Crohn's disease treatment].

Unlabelled: Crohn's disease is a chronic, transmural inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract of unknown origin. Even though surgical therapy may relieve symptoms in patients with complications, it still remains, together with medicamentous therapy, palliative. According to literature, cummulative probability of operation is 78% during 20 years.