Stem traits promote wheat climate-resilience.

Introduction: Wheat grain filling processes under post-anthesis stress scenarios depend mainly on stem traits and remobilization of stem water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC).

Methods: A diverse panel of advanced semi-dwarf spring wheat lines, representing a natural variation in stem traits (WSC content, stem diameter, peduncle length, and stem wall width), was used to identify specific traits that reliably reflect the relationship between WSC and grain yield. The panel was phenotyped under various environmental conditions: well-watered, water-limited, and heat stress in Mexico, and terminal-drought in Israel.

Associations between Present-on-Admission Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders and Short-Term Outcomes in Patients with Pneumonia.

Objectives: Do-not-resuscitate DNR) orders are used to express patient preferences for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. This study examined whether early DNR orders are associated with differences in treatments and outcomes among patients hospitalized with pneumonia.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of 768,015 adult patients hospitalized with pneumonia from 2010 to 2015 in 646 US hospitals.

Bloodstream Infection in the Intensive Care Unit: Evolving Epidemiology and Microbiology.

Bloodstream infections (BSIs) arising in the intensive care unit (ICUs) present a significant challenge and we completed a narrative review of the emerging literature on this issue. Multiple reports document that these infections are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Also, they can be caused by a variety of pathogens.

Examining the Burden of Potentially Avoidable Heart Failure Hospitalizations.

Background: Two-thirds of the 1 million annual US CHF hospitalizations are for diuresis only; some may be avoidable. We describe a population of low-severity short-stay (
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study within the Premier Healthcare Database, 2016-2021.

Intravenous to Oral Antibiotic Switch Therapy Among Patients Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of hospital admissions and antimicrobial use. Clinical practice guidelines recommend switching from intravenous (IV) to oral antibiotics once patients are clinically stable.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults admitted with CAP and initially treated with IV antibiotics at 642 US hospitals from 2010 through 2015.