Dexamethasone in COVID-19 treatment: Analyzing monotherapy and combination therapy approaches.

The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted the exploration of effective treatment options, with dexamethasone emerging as a key corticosteroid for severe cases. This review evaluates the efficacy and safety of dexamethasone, highlighting its ability to reduce mortality rates, alleviate acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and mitigate hyperinflammation. While dexamethasone shows therapeutic promise, potential adverse effects-including cardiovascular issues, neuropsychiatric complications, lung infections, and liver damage-necessitate careful monitoring and individualized treatment strategies.

TBX21, the Master regulator of the type 1 immune response, overexpresses in the leukocytes of peripheral blood in patients with late-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Background: The involvement of the peripheral immune system in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases has recently been emphasized. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have recently identified several candidate immune genes linked to development of both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and depression. TBX21 (T-bet) which drives the Th1 immune response, is linked to the major depressive disorder (MDD) phenotype.

The role of noncoding RNAs in metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells.

Metabolic reprogramming is a well-known feature of cancer that allows malignant cells to alter metabolic reactions and nutrient uptake, thereby promoting tumor growth and spread. It has been discovered that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA), have a role in a variety of biological functions, control physiologic and developmental processes, and even influence disease. They have been recognized in numerous cancer types as tumor suppressors and oncogenic agents.

Finding positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR in cerebrospinal fluid of two pediatric patients with severe COVID-19: a brief case report.

Background: There is growing evidence of nervous system involvement and related complaints in children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, it seems that attempts to track of the virus in the nervous system have so far been unsuccessful.

Case Presentation: Here we describe two pediatric cases of severe COVID-19 who had positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS-CoV-2).

The study of dry eye and meibomian glands in psoriasis.

Background: To investigate aqueous and lipid layers of the tear film as well as meibomian gland structure by meibography in psoriatic patients in the Iranian population.

Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 31 psoriasis patients and 31 controls in Birjand University of Medical Sciences in 2018. The sampling method was available from the date of approval of the proposal in the Ethics Committee until it reached the sample size.