Understanding Viral Impacts in Soil Microbial Ecology Through the Persistence and Decay of Infectious Bacteriophages.

Marine bacteriophages have been well characterized in terms of decay rates, population dynamics in relation to their hosts, and their impacts on biogeochemical cycles in the global ocean. Knowledge in soil bacteriophage ecology lags considerably behind, with few studies documenting population dynamics with hosts and even fewer reporting phage decay rates. By using sterile soil or aquatic microcosms inoculated with single bacteriophage isolates, phage decay rates (loss of infectivity over time) were determined, independent of host interactions, for 5 model phage isolates.

[The Tele-Emergency Physician System as an Innovation in the Emergency Medical Service: Evaluation of Potentials by Employees of German Ambulance Control Centres].

Background: One of the health policy challenges lies in guaranteeing comprehensive emergency care in Germany. Telemedical applications are assumed to be a potential solution to current problems. One of these innovations is the tele-emergency physician system, which changes the workflows of the various actors in prehospital emergency medicine.

[Bleeding complications of anticoagulant therapy].

Anticoagulant therapy is one of the most common forms of medical intervention. It is the mainstay of prevention and treatment of thrombotic events. Omission of adequate anticoagulant prophylaxis at least for moderate-risk and high-risk patients is a widely recognized medical error.

[Prevention of venous thromboembolism in surgery, laparoscopic surgery and urology].

Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are major health problems with potential serious outcomes. Acutely, pulmonary embolism may be fatal. In the long term, pulmonary hypertension can develop from recurrent pulmonary embolism.

Divergent kinetics of hsp70 induction in Oniscus asellus (Isopoda) in response to four environmentally relevant organic chemicals (B[a]P, PCB52, gamma-HCH, PCP): suitability and limits of a biomarker.

Mature specimens of the isopod Oniscus asellus were maintained on soil and leaf litter to which was added different concentrations of either benzo[a]pyren (B[a]P), 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB52), gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-HCH), or pentachlorophenol (PCP) for a maximum of 14 days. Time-dependent investigation of the body level of the 70 kD stress protein group (hsp70) in the isopods revealed a significant but transient induction of the hsp70 response after about 24 h of exposure to PCB52 or B[a]P. Despite continuous exposure, the hsp70 level decreased subsequently and ended up close to or below the control level independent of the concentration of PCB52 or B[a]P in the substrate.