How the Topology of the Mitochondrial Inner Membrane Modulates ATP Production.

Cells in heart muscle need to generate ATP at or near peak capacity to meet their energy demands. Over 90% of this ATP comes from mitochondria, strategically located near myofibrils and densely packed with cristae to concentrate ATP generation per unit volume. However, a consequence of dense inner membrane (IM) packing is that restricted metabolite diffusion inside mitochondria may limit ATP production.

Percutaneous vacuum-assisted tumor thrombectomy using angiovac and penumbra lightning 12 aspiration systems.

A 19-year-old female presented with a 2-month history of abdominal discomfort and palpable abdominal mass; a computer tomography scan revealed a large retroperitoneal mass as well as high suspicion of thrombus in her inferior vena cava. Right kidney core biopsy showed diagnostic features of synovial sarcoma. While awaiting workup for her mass she was placed on anticoagulants.

The genomic analysis of patients with musculoskeletal metastases from an unknown origin.

Background: A subgroup of patients present with musculoskeletal (MSK) metastases but no detectable primary tumour. An inability to employ disease-specific treatment means this cohort's median survival is just 6-10 months. We present a novel, prospective, pilot study investigating the role of targeted Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of metastases in these 'Cancer of Unknown Primary' (CUP) patients, reporting on diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic benefits.

Structural Analysis of Amylin and Amyloid β Peptide Signaling in Alzheimer's Disease.

Amylin and amyloid β belong to the same protein family and activate the same receptors. Amyloid β levels are elevated in Alzheimer's disease. Recent studies have demonstrated that amylin-based peptides can reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease in animal models.

PSGL-1 excludes HIV Env from virion surface through spatial hindrance involving structural folding of the decameric repeats (DR).

P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), a mucin-like surface glycoprotein, is primarily expressed on lymphoid and myeloid cells. PSGL-1 has recently been identified as an HIV restriction factor, blocking HIV infectivity mainly through virion incorporation that sterically hinders virion attachment to target cells. PSGL-1 also inhibits HIV Env incorporation into virions.