Inflammatory/juvenile-like polyps in neurofibromatosis type 1 associated with epithelial dysplasia.

The term "juvenile-like (inflammatory/hyperplastic) mucosal polyps" (JLIHMP) has been recently introduced to describe a spectrum of polypoid lesions in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1). Due to the scarce number of reported cases and histopathological similarities with entities such as sporadic/syndromic juvenile polyps or inflammatory fibroid polyps, this entity remains a subject of debate. We describe herein a case of multiple JLIHMPs in a patient with NF-1, and we document the presence of low-grade dysplasia within one of these polyps.

Over 90% of cases of Microscopic Colitis can be diagnosed by performing a short colonoscopy.

Aims: To determinate the topographical distribution of key diagnostic histological features of lymphocytic colitis (LC) and collagenous colitis (CC) and to establish what correlations may exist between the histological findings and the causes and severity of MC.

Patients And Methods: Patients with MC were included in a prospective multicentre French study from September 2010 to October 2012. MC was diagnosed by performing total colonoscopy with multiple biopsies of the rectum and colon collected in separate jars and analyzed separately for each site (descending and sigmoid colon, transverse colon, ascending colon).

A functional sequence-specific interaction between influenza A virus genomic RNA segments.

Influenza A viruses cause annual influenza epidemics and occasional severe pandemics. Their genome is segmented into eight fragments, which offers evolutionary advantages but complicates genomic packaging. The existence of a selective packaging mechanism, in which one copy of each viral RNA is specifically packaged into each virion, is suspected, but its molecular details remain unknown.