Publications by authors named "M Y Donath"
Increased activity of the NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-IL-1β pathway is observed in obesity and contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes and its complications. In this review, we describe the pathological activation of IL-1β by metabolic stress, ageing and the microbiome and present data on the role of IL-1β in metabolism. We explore the physiological role of the IL-1β pathway in insulin secretion and the relationship between circulating levels of IL-1β and the development of diabetes and associated diseases.
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- * Current research seeks to understand T1D and develop new treatments, including immune system modulation, β-cell regeneration, and advanced insulin delivery methods like closed-loop pumps and stem cell therapies.
- * Recent studies suggest that TNF-α inhibitors could help preserve β-cell function in people with advanced T1D, prompting experts to convene and plan pivotal clinical trials to further evaluate their effectiveness.
Introduction: Chronic low-grade inflammation might contribute to hyperandrogenemia and metabolic complications in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1 stimulates androgen production from ovarian cells, whereas blockade of the IL-1 pathway improves cardiometabolic health. We aimed to investigate whether blocking the IL-1 pathway ameliorates hyperandrogenemia in patients with PCOS.
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- Postprandial IL-1β levels increase primarily in white adipose tissue (WAT), but its effects on metabolism were previously unclear.
- Deleting IL-1 receptor 1 (IL1R1) specifically in fat cells doesn't impact metabolism, while its absence throughout the body leads to reduced body weight and WAT mass in mice.
- IL-1β encourages fat cell development (adipogenesis) in early-stage stem cells by activating specific transcription factors, suggesting that short-term IL-1β spikes may help WAT adapt, while constant high levels in obesity could hinder this process.
The rapidly evolving field of immunometabolism explores how changes in local immune environments may affect key metabolic and cellular processes, including that of adipose tissue. Importantly, these changes may contribute to low-grade systemic inflammation. In turn, chronic low-grade inflammation affecting adipose tissue may exacerbate the outcome of metabolic diseases.
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