Synergistic effects of GmLFYa and GmLFYb on Compound Leaf Development in Soybean.

Legume leaves exhibit diverse compound forms, with various regulatory mechanisms underlying the development. The transcription factor-encoding KNOXI genes are required to promote leaflet initiation in most compound-leafed angiosperms. In non-IRLC (inverted repeat-lacking clade) legumes, KNOXI are expressed in compound leaf primordia but not in others (IRLC).

c-di-GMP inhibits rRNA methylation and impairs ribosome assembly in the presence of kanamycin.

Cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) is a ubiquitous bacterial secondary messenger with diverse functions. A previous Escherichia coli proteome microarray identified that c-di-GMP binds to the 23S rRNA methyltransferases RlmI and RlmE. Here we show that c-di-GMP inhibits RlmI activity in rRNA methylation assays, and that it modulates ribosome assembly in the presence of kanamycin.

Flow chemistry-enabled asymmetric synthesis of cyproterone acetate in a chemo-biocatalytic approach.

Flow chemistry has many advantages over batch synthesis of organic small-molecules in terms of environmental compatibility, safety and synthetic efficiency when scale-up is considered. Herein, we report the 10-step chemo-biocatalytic continuous flow asymmetric synthesis of cyproterone acetate (4) in which 10 transformations are combined into a telescoped flow linear sequence from commercially available 4-androstene-3, 17-dione (11). This integrated one-flow synthesis features an engineered 3-ketosteroid-Δ-dehydrogenase (ReM2)-catalyzed Δ-dehydrogenation to form the C1, C2-double bond of A ring, a substrate-controlled Co-catalyzed Mukaiyama hydration of 9 to forge the crucial chiral C17α-OH group of D ring with excellent stereoselectivity, and a rapid flow Corey-Chaykovsky cyclopropanation of 7 to build the cyclopropyl core of A ring.

The S-Phase Arrest of Host Cells Caused by an Alpha-Herpesvirus Genome Replication Facilitates Viral Recruitment of RNA Polymerase II to Transcribe Viral Genes.

Herpesviruses rely on host RNA polymerae II (RNA Pol II) for their mRNA transcription, yet the mechanisms of which has been poorly defined, while certain herpesviruses can enhance viral gene transcription by altering the RNA Pol II location, modulating its phosphorylation, or directly interacting with RNA Pol II. However, the influence of herpesviruses on RNA Pol II transcription extends beyond these direct effects. Here, we present a novel mechanism by which the host cell cycle regulates viral gene transcription via RNA Pol II during infection by Anatid Herpesvirus 1 (AnHV-1), an avian alpha-herpesvirus.

Fucoidan exerts antitumor effects by regulating gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism.

Fucoidan, a water-soluble polysaccharide derived from marine organisms, has garnered significant attention for its ability to regulate gut microbiota and its anti-tumor properties. However, the existence of a correlation between the anti-tumor effect of fucoidan and its regulation of the gut microbiota remains unknown. In pursuit of this objective, we culled the gut microbiota of mice with broad-spectrum antibiotics to generate pseudo-sterile tumor-bearing mice.