Sport Specialization and Sport Motivation in Middle School-Aged Athletes.

Context: Sport specialization has been assumed to have psychosocial ramifications for athletes, especially autonomous motivation, which has been associated with continued sport participation. Sport dropout is common in youth athletes, yet it is unknown how sport specialization may affect this population psychosocially.

Objective: To determine the association of sport specialization with autonomous and controlled motivation and amotivation in middle school-aged athletes.

Toxicity and assimilation of cellulosic copper nanoparticles require α-arrestins in S. cerevisiae.

The increased use of antimicrobial compounds such as copper into nanoparticles changes how living cells interact with these novel materials. The increased use of antimicrobial nanomaterials combats infectious disease and food spoilage. Fungal infections are particularly difficult to treat because of the few druggable targets, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae provides an insightful model organism to test these new materials.

Secondary School Athletic Trainers' Strategies and Barriers to Overuse Injury Treatment in Adolescent Athletes.

Context: Studies have illustrated that overuse injuries occur in adolescent athletes more often than previously reported. The general purpose of this study was to provide a thorough report of secondary school athletic trainers encounters, practices, and perceptions of overuse injury in adolescent athletes.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Comparing High School Sport Specialization Trends Between Division I and Club Collegiate Athletes.

Background: Adolescent athletes report that sports specialization improves their ability to receive a collegiate athletics scholarship, though this is not well-understood. The purpose of this study was to examine self-reported trends in high school specialization and influences for sport participation between Division I (D-I) and college-aged club (club) athletes.

Hypothesis: There would be no difference in high school sport specialization or sport participation influences between D-I and club athletes.

High School Sport Specialization and Injury in Collegiate Club-Sport Athletes.

Context: Sport specialization during adolescence may affect future injury risk. This association has been demonstrated in some professional sport athletes.

Objective: To determine the association between adolescent sport specialization levels in high school and injuries sustained during collegiate club sports.