The cortical thickness of tricenarian cocaine users assembles features of an octogenarian brain.

It has been suggested that substance use disorders could lead to accelerated biological aging, but only a few neuroimaging studies have investigated this hypothesis so far. In this cross-sectional study, structural neuroimaging was performed to measure cortical thickness (CT) in tricenarian adults with cocaine use disorder (CUD, n  = 30) and their age-paired controls (YC, n  = 30), and compare it with octogenarian elder controls (EC, n  = 20). We found that CT in the right fusiform gyrus was similar between CUD and EC, thinner than the expected values of YC.

A cross-sectional study of the association between exposure to violence, intelligence, and executive function in Brazilian youths.

We carried out an exploratory study of the association between exposure to violence, intelligence, and executive functions in Brazilian preadolescents. The study included 56 participants (31 males) aged 8 to 14 years old (mean = 11.3, SD = 1.

Zika virus congenital microcephaly severity classification and the association of severity with neuropsychomotor development.

Background: Zika virus infection during pregnancy is linked to birth defects, most notably microcephaly, which is associated with neurodevelopmental delays.

Objective: The goals of the study were to propose a method for severity classification of congenital microcephaly based on neuroradiologic findings of MRI scans, and to investigate the association of severity with neuropsychomotor developmental scores. We also propose a semi-automated method for MRI-based severity classification of microcephaly.

Verbal Learning as a predictor of risks of accidents in elderly drivers.

Background: Age-related cognitive decline impacts cognitive abilities essential for driving.

Objective: We aimed to measure main cognitive functions associated with a high number of traffic violations in different driving settings.

Methods: Thirty-four elderly individuals, aged between 65 and 90 years, were evaluated with a driving simulator in four different settings (Intersection, Overtaking, Rain, and Malfunction tasks) and underwent a battery of cognitive tests, including memory, attention, visuospatial, and cognitive screening tests.

Amyloid-β PET Classification on Cognitive Aging Stages Using the Centiloid Scale.

Propose: This study aims to explore the use of the Centiloid (CL) method in amyloid-β PET quantification to evaluate distinct cognitive aging stages, investigating subjects' mismatch classification using different cut-points for amyloid-β positivity.

Procedures: The CL equation was applied in four groups of individuals: SuperAgers (SA), healthy age-matched controls (AC), healthy middle-aged controls (MC), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The amyloid-β burden was calculated and compared between groups and quantitative variables.