Multiple epidural hematomas and hemodynamic collapse caused by a subgaleal drain and suction-induced intracranial hypotension: case report.

Background And Importance: Subgaleal drains are commonly used in neurosurgery. Rare complications attributed to these drains have been described. We present a rare complication of hemodynamic collapse and multiple epidural hematomas attributed to intracranial hypotension induced by a subgaleal drain connected to suction during wound closure.

Single-dose extended-release epidural morphine for pain after hip arthroplasty.

This randomized, double-blind study compared the safety and efficacy of a new single-dose extended-release epidural morphine (EREM) formulation for postoperative pain following hip arthroplasty. Patients were administered a single dose of EREM (10, 20, or 30 mg, n = 93) or a single epidural dose of placebo (n = 27) before surgery and general anesthesia. Following surgery, patients had access to fentanyl with the use of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia.

Bilateral intravenous regional anesthesia: a new method to test additives to local anesthetic solutions.

Background: Ketorolac, when added to lidocaine, has been shown to reduce early tourniquet pain during intravenous regional anesthesia (i.v.RA) in patients.

A method for overcoming the ceiling effect of bounded pain scales.

Objective: The Verbal Numerical Scale (VNS) for rating pain is bounded between 0 (= no pain) and 10 (= worst pain imaginable). We hypothesized that the limitations inherent to this boundary when rating extremely painful stimuli may be identified by integrating the VNS with an unbounded score such as magnitude estimation of relative change.

Methods: Volunteers received stimuli of increasing current via cutaneous electrodes until they rated >5 on the VNS scale.