Publications by authors named "M Vital"
Background: Defects in SLC26A3, the major colonic Cl-/HCO3- exchanger, result in chloride-rich diarrhea, a reduction in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, and a high incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in humans and in mice. Slc26a3-/- mice are, therefore, an interesting animal model for spontaneous but mild colonic inflammation and for testing strategies to reverse or prevent the inflammation. This study investigates the effect of Escherichia coli Nissle (EcN) application on the microbiome, SCFA production, barrier integrity, and mucosal inflammation in slc26a3-/- mice.
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- Many people, including those with mental health issues, use Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) but often don’t tell their doctors.
- Using CAM alongside regular medicines can change how well mental health treatments work.
- Doctors need to know about herbal medicines and ask patients about their use to give the best care, and more research is needed in this area.
Article Synopsis
- The study examined how resistance to antibiotics affects clinical bacterial isolates during anaerobic growth, focusing on their sensitivity to butyrate, a beneficial gut metabolite.
- Two main categories were identified: strains with carbapenemase (CARB) and those with porin malfunctions (POR), with POR showing reduced growth efficiency and increased butyrate sensitivity.
- Differences in gene expression were noted, particularly in POR strains, which initially reacted strongly to butyrate but normalized over time, highlighting the ecological impacts of resistance mechanisms and potential strategies for infection prevention.
Molecular epidemiology, microbiological features and infection control strategies for carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a German burn and plastic surgery center (2020-2022).
Antimicrob Resist Infect Control
September 2024
Article Synopsis
- CRAB (Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii) is a major cause of difficult-to-treat infections in healthcare settings, particularly in burn medicine, due to its high antibiotic resistance and environmental resilience.
- A retrospective study at a burn and plastic surgery center in Germany over three years identified eight CRAB cases, primarily in the burn intensive care unit, with evidence of hospital-acquired infections linked to specific clusters.
- The research highlights the importance of molecular techniques in tracking CRAB transmission, emphasizing that understanding the bacteria's genetic diversity can improve infection control measures within healthcare facilities.
Article Synopsis
- A novel yeast species was discovered in rotting wood samples from Brazil's Atlantic and Amazon Rainforests, distinguished from closely related species by specific nucleotide differences.
- Phylogenomic analysis confirmed its uniqueness, revealing a low nucleotide identity with other similar species, leading to the proposal of the name 'sp. nov.' for the new yeast.
- The yeast displays characteristics that may indicate it can be an opportunistic pathogen, as it grows at body temperature and shares genetic material with an uncultured strain found in a crocodile with a systemic infection.