Long-term follow-up of patients after childhood urinary tract infection.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term outcome of children with urinary tract infection (UTI).

Design: Follow-up examination 6 to 17 years after childhood UTI.

Setting: Secondary to tertiary referral center.

Imaging the urinary tract in children with urinary tract infection.

Aim: To evaluate whether ultrasonography (US) alone is sufficient in imaging the urinary tract in 1185 children with urinary tract infection (UTI).

Methods: The reports on US and voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) were reviewed.

Results: Initial US was normal in 861/1185 patients (73%).

Occurrence of vesicoureteral reflux in children.

Aim: The reported low occurrence of vesicoureteral reflux in the general population seems implausible. We wanted to test the hypothesis that reflux is more common and more independent of urinary-tract infection than has previously been thought.

Methods:   We tested our hypothesis by analysing the characteristics of 406 consecutive children aged <5years who had been referred for consultation because of urinary-tract infection.

Practice guidelines for imaging studies in children after the first urinary tract infection.

Purpose: Urinary tract infection is common in children and may be associated with significant urinary tract pathology. Many children are investigated for vesicoureteral reflux after the first urinary tract infection but less than a quarter have reflux. Imaging with voiding cystourethrogram is not without risk.

Vesicoureteral reflux in children with suspected and proven urinary tract infection.

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and clinically significant ultrasonography (US) abnormalities in a large group of children with proven and suspected urinary tract infection (UTI). The medical reports on renal US and voiding cystouretrographies (VCUG) of 2,036 children were reviewed. Renal US was performed on all children and VCUG on 1,185 children (58%).