Muscle metabolic remodeling in response to endurance exercise in salmonids.

Phenotypic plasticity of skeletal muscle is relevant to swimming performance and metabolism in fishes, especially those that undergo extreme locomotory feats, such as seasonal migration. However, the influence of endurance exercise and the molecular mechanisms coordinating this remodeling are not well understood. The present study examines muscle metabolic remodeling associated with endurance exercise in fed rainbow trout as compared to migrating salmon.

Is FNAC (fine needle aspiration cytology) a useful tool in detection of malignancy in thyroid surgery? A single institution experience.

Objective: To evaluate if FNAC (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) is a useful tool in the detection of malignancy in thyroid surgery. FNAC is used routinely as a preoperative diagnostic technique and surgical strategy is often adapted. But is FNAC such a good technique in defining surgical strategy?

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all files of 703 patients operated from 1997 till today.

The heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone, GPA2/GPB5, regulates ion transport across the hindgut of the adult mosquito, Aedes aegypti.

A family of evolutionarily old hormones is the glycoprotein cysteine knot-forming heterodimers consisting of alpha- (GPA) and beta-subunits (GPB), which assemble by noncovalent bonds. In mammals, a common glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit (GPA1) pairs with unique beta-subunits that establish receptor specificity, forming thyroid stimulating hormone (GPA1/TSHβ) and the gonadotropins luteinizing hormone (GPA1/LHβ), follicle stimulating hormone (GPA1/FSHβ), choriogonadotropin (GPA1/CGβ). A novel glycoprotein heterodimer was identified in vertebrates by genome analysis, called thyrostimulin, composed of two novel subunits, GPA2 and GPB5, and homologs occur in arthropods, nematodes and cnidarians, implying that this neurohormone system existed prior to the emergence of bilateral metazoans.

Effects of diuretic hormone 31, drosokinin, and allatostatin A on transepithelial K⁺ transport and contraction frequency in the midgut and hindgut of larval Drosophila melanogaster.

Recent studies have identified paracrine and endocrine cells in the midgut of larval Drosophila melanogaster as well as midgut and hindgut receptors for multiple neuropeptides implicated in the control of fluid and ion balance. Although the effects of diuretic factors on fluid secretion by isolated Malpighian tubules of D. melanogaster have been examined extensively, relatively little is known about the effects of such factors on gut peristalsis or ion transport across the gut.

Surgical management of acute cholecystitis: results of a 2-year prospective multicenter survey in Belgium.

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered nowadays as the standard management of acute cholecystitis (AC). However, results from multicentric studies in the general surgical community are still lacking.

Methods: A prospective multicenter survey of surgical management of AC patients was conducted over a 2-year period in Belgium.