Inspiratory effort and respiratory muscle activation during different breathing conditions in patients with weaning difficulties: An exploratory study.

Background: Recent studies suggest that fast and deep inspirations against either low or high external loads may provide patients with weaning difficulties with a training stimulus during inspiratory muscle training (IMT). However, the relationship between external IMT load, reflected by changes in airway pressure swings (ΔPaw), and total inspiratory effort, measured by oesophageal pressure swings (ΔPes), remains unexplored. Additionally, the association between ΔPes, ΔPaw, and inspiratory muscle activations remains unclear.

Genomic characterization of Huntington's disease genetic modifiers informs drug target tractability.

Huntington's disease is caused by a CAG repeat in the gene. Repeat length correlates inversely with the age of onset but only explains part of the observed clinical variability. Genome-wide association studies highlight DNA repair genes in modifying disease onset, but further research is required to identify causal genes and evaluate their tractability as drug targets.

Respiratory muscle dysfunction in acute and chronic respiratory failure: how to diagnose and how to treat?

Assessing and treating respiratory muscle dysfunction is crucial for patients with both acute and chronic respiratory failure. Respiratory muscle dysfunction can contribute to the onset of respiratory failure and may also worsen due to interventions aimed at treatment. Evaluating respiratory muscle function is particularly valuable for diagnosing, phenotyping and assessing treatment efficacy in these patients.

Similar Weaning Success Rate with High-Intensity and Sham Inspiratory Muscle Training: A Randomized Controlled Trial (IMweanT).

Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) improves respiratory muscle function in patients with weaning difficulties. IMT protocols involve performing daily sets of breaths against external loads. However, the impact of IMT on weaning outcomes while incorporating sham control interventions remains unclear.