Publications by authors named "M V Ruano"
This study critically analyses filtration process modeling in membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology. More specifically, the variety of approaches and assumptions considered within a curated selection of resistance-in-series (RIS) filtration models found in the literature is critically assessed. Aimed to move towards good filtration process modeling practices, the basis for establishing a unified framework rooted in the fundamentals of membrane fouling is defined in this work, considering fouling classifications, process dynamics, and underlying processes used by different authors for elucidating membrane fouling phenomena.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe optimization of integrated membrane bioreactors (MBRs) models is of paramount importance in view of reducing the costs, greenhouse gas emissions or enhancing the water quality. On this behalf, this paper, produced by the International Water Association (IWA) Task Group on Membrane modelling and control, reviews the current state-of-the-art regarding the control and optimization of integrated MBR models. Whether aerobic or anaerobic, such modelling allows the consideration of specific functioning conditions and optimization problems together with the estimation and monitoring of Performance Index (PIs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe HIV prevalence in Maputo city is 16.2%. There is a lack of data describing associated factors with disclosure or non-disclosure of HIV-positive sero-status to sexual partners.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) causes a persistent, often symptomless infection in cattle, and while some countries have eradicated it, global standardization of detection methods is still lacking.
- A study evaluated the accuracy of 11 different molecular tests for detecting BLV, finding that 29 out of 44 samples were correctly identified and that all methods had diagnostic sensitivities between 74% and 100%.
- The research emphasized the need for collaboration in standardizing testing methods and suggested the creation of an international calibrator to enhance result consistency and aid in the global eradication of BLV.
Article Synopsis
- In September 2022, Spain faced a Sheep pox virus outbreak in sheep, which had not been seen in over 50 years, affecting 30 farms in two regions.
- To tackle the outbreak, experts conducted careful health checks and tests, confirming the virus in many suspected farms, even when not all sheep showed clear signs of illness.
- Despite testing thousands of sheep for the virus, only a few cases were found before symptoms appeared, showing the need for careful monitoring and better testing methods to manage such outbreaks.