[NDRG1 protein expression in breast cancer samples, relationship with lymph nodes metastasis].

Objective: To study the features of protein expression of gene in primary breast cancer (BC) and to identify its relationship with regional metastasis.

Material And Methods: The study included 358 cases of primary BC stages I-III without neoadjuvant chemotherapy with an assessment of a number of clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical parameters of the tumor, including NDRG1 protein expression status and its expression level.

Results: In two study groups with and without metastatic lymph node involvement, a statistically significant relationship was found between NDRG1 expression and histological type of BC, tumor grade, estrogen receptors expression, progesterone receptors expression, HER2 status and index Ki-67 (tumor cell proliferative activity).

Cultivation of IPPAS C-1 in Flat-Panel Photobioreactors: From a Laboratory to a Pilot Scale.

Flat-panel photobioreactors are effective systems for microalgae cultivation. This paper presents the growth characteristics of the microalgae IPPAS C-1 as a result of three-stage scale-up cultivation in a specially designed cultivation system. First, was grown aseptically in 250 mL glass vessels; then, it was diluted and inoculated into a 5-liter flat-panel horizontal photobioreactor; and, at the last stage, the culture was diluted and inoculated into a 70-liter flat-panel vertical photobioreactor.

Effects of Novel Photosynthetic Inhibitor [CuL]Br Complex on Photosystem II Activity in Spinach.

The effects of the novel [CuL]Br complex (L = bis{4H-1,3,5-triazino [2,1-b]benzothiazole-2-amine,4-(2-imidazole)}copper(II) bromide complex) on the photosystem II (PSII) activity of PSII membranes isolated from spinach were studied. The absence of photosynthetic oxygen evolution by PSII membranes without artificial electron acceptors, but in the presence of [CuL]Br, has shown that it is not able to act as a PSII electron acceptor. In the presence of artificial electron acceptors, [CuL]Br inhibits photosynthetic oxygen evolution.

Super-Enhancers in the Regulation of Gene Transcription: General Aspects and Antitumor Targets.

Super-enhancers (genome elements that activate gene transcription) are DNA regions with an elevated concentration of transcriptional complexes. These multiprotein structures contain, among other components, the cyclin-dependent kinases 8 and 19. These and other transcriptional protein kinases are regarded as novel targets for pharmacological inhibition by antitumor drug candidates.