A comparative evaluation: Oral leukoplakia surgical management using diode laser, CO2 laser, and cryosurgery.

Background: The comparatively evaluate the three surgical treatment modalities namely cryosurgery, diode and CO2 laser surgery in terms of healing outcomes on the day of surgery, first and second week post operatively and recurrence at the end of 18 months was assessed.

Material And Methods: Thirty selected patients were divided randomly into three groups. Each group comprising of ten patients were subjected to one of the three modalities of treatment namely cryosurgery, diode laser or CO2 laser surgery for ablation of OL.

Baseline and new-onset morphologic ECG abnormalities in healthy volunteers in phase I studies receiving placebo: changes over a 6-week follow-up period.

Morphological ECG abnormalities occur in 5-12% healthy adults participating in early phase clinical trials. We retrospectively analyzed 16,472 12-lead ECGs recorded at multiple time points in 420 volunteers (282 males, 138 females; aged 18-76 years) randomized to receive placebo from 19 Phase I studies to see if some baseline ECG abnormalities may disappear or new abnormalities may appear during the study. One hundred forty-four (34.

Comparison of two methods of estimating reader variability in QT interval measurements in thorough QT/QTc studies.

Background: Two methods of estimating reader variability (RV) in QT measurements between 12 readers were compared.

Methods: Using data from 500 electrocardiograms (ECGs) analyzed twice by 12 readers, we bootstrapped 1000 datasets each for both methods. In grouped analysis design (GAD), the same 40 ECGs were read twice by all readers.

Reader variability in QT measurement due to measurement error and variability in leads selection: a simulation study comparing 2-way vs. 3-way interaction ANOVA model.

Reader variability (RV) results from measurement differences or variability in lead used for QT measurements; the latter is not reflected in conventional methods for estimating RV. Mean and SD of QT intervals in 12 leads of 100 ECGs measured twice were used to simulate data sets with inter-RV of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 ms and intra-RV of 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 ms. Six hundred twenty-five data sets were simulated such that different leads were used in Read1 and Read2 in 0, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% of ECGs by 25 readers.

Choice of an alternative lead for QT interval measurement in serial ECGs when Lead II is not suitable for analysis.

Introduction: Conventionally, QT interval is measured in lead II. There are no data to select an alternative lead for QT measurement when it cannot be measured in Lead II for any reason.

Methods And Results: We retrospectively analyzed ECGs from 1906 healthy volunteers from 41 phase I studies.