Rhodamine 19 Alkyl Esters as Effective Antibacterial Agents.

Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (MTAs) have been studied quite intensively in recent years as potential therapeutic agents and vectors for the delivery of other active substances to mitochondria and bacteria. Their most studied representatives are MitoQ and SkQ1, with its fluorescent rhodamine analog SkQR1, a decyl ester of rhodamine 19 carrying plastoquinone. In the present work, we observed a pronounced antibacterial action of SkQR1 against Gram-positive bacteria, but virtually no effect on Gram-negative bacteria.

Relationship of Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Effects of Triphenylphosphonium Conjugates with Various Quinone Derivatives.

Quinone derivatives of triphenylphosphonium have proven themselves to be effective geroprotectors and antioxidants that prevent oxidation of cell components with participation of active free radicals - peroxide (RO·), alkoxy (RO·), and alkyl (R·) radicals, as well as reactive oxygen species (superoxide anion, singlet oxygen). Their most studied representatives are derivatives of plastoquinone (SkQ1) and ubiquinone (MitoQ), which in addition to antioxidant properties also have a strong antibacterial effect. In this study, we investigated antibacterial properties of other quinone derivatives based on decyltriphenylphosphonium (SkQ3, SkQT, and SkQThy).

Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of the Secondary Metabolites of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Medicinal Plant .

According to the World Health Organization, it is estimated that by 2050, drug-resistant infections could cause up to 10 million deaths annually. Therefore, finding a new generation of antibiotics is crucial. Natural compounds from endophytic fungi are considered a potential source of new-generation antibiotics.

Observation of Cytotoxicity of Phosphonium Derivatives Is Explained: Metabolism Inhibition and Adhesion Alteration.

The search for new antibiotics, substances that kill prokaryotic cells and do not kill eukaryotic cells, is an urgent need for modern medicine. Among the most promising are derivatives of triphenylphosphonium, which can protect the infected organs of mammals and heal damaged cells as mitochondria-targeted antioxidants. In addition to the antioxidant action, triphenylphosphonium derivatives exhibit antibacterial activity.

Multidrug Resistance Pumps as a Keystone of Bacterial Resistance.

Antibiotic resistance is a global problem of modern medicine. A harbinger of the onset of the postantibiotic era is the complexity and high cost of developing new antibiotics as well as their inefficiency due to the rapidly developing resistance of bacteria. Multidrug resistance (MDR) pumps, involved in the formation of resistance to xenobiotics, the export of toxins, the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, and the formation of biofilms and persistent cells, are the keystone of bacterial protection against antibiotics.