Birdsong Overlapping: Random Coincidence or Acoustic Interactions.

Birdsong overlapping may either indicate communicative interaction between birds or be a simple coincidence. We developed a program that allowed us to mathematically modulate the independent singing of birds with a given level of song rate. This permitted us to statistically evaluate whether song overlapping is a random coincidence or real acoustic interactions between birds.

[Female song in Passeriformes: An exception or the rule?].

We analyzed the occurrence of female song in different families of Passeriformes aiming to better understanding of evolutionary prerequisites of this phenomenon and its relation with species biological traits and patterns of main passerine groups dispersion. Examined are 18 complete families, two Turdidae subfamilies, and three Sylviidae subfamilies among songbirds, also 4 complete families and two Tyrannidae subfamilies among bronchophone birds. As the data obtained indicate, female singing had appeared independently in different Passeriformes families, both songbirds and bronchophone ones, and seems not to be ancestral for all birds of this order.

[A monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor alpha modify metabolic activity in lymphocytes from rat's exposed chronic ethanol consumption].

Administration of infliximab (a monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor-a 1-10 mg/kg for 10 days) to Wistar rats consuming ethanol for 10 weeks significantly changed levels of free amino acids and their nitrogenous metabolites in liver lymphocytes.

[Assessment of the effects of chronic administration of zinc aspartate and zinc sulfate on amino acid metabolism indicators in tissues and the morphology of small intestine in young rats].

Enteral administration (every day, 10 times) of zinc aspartate (33 mg/kg) or zinc sulfate (25 mg/kg) to young rats weighing 50 - 60 g induces an amino acid imbalance in the blood plasma, liver, and myocardium. Zinc sulfate causes much more pronounced changes in the amino acid balance in the liver and myocardium, as compared to that in rats treated with zinc aspartate. One possible mechanism of the above changes can be the effect of zinc salts on nutrient absorption processes and metabolic features of zinc cations in the small intestine.

[Hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory effects of infliximab on experimental alcoholic steatohepatitis].

The effect of infliximab (1 and 10 mg/kg, i.p., during 10 days) on alcoholic steatohepatitis has been studied in rats fed with ethanol-containing liquid diet over 10 weeks.