Progressive pulmonary fibrosis in a murine model of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome.

Background: HPS-1 is a genetic type of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) with highly penetrant pulmonary fibrosis (HPSPF), a restrictive lung disease that is similar to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Hps1 (pale ear) is a naturally occurring HPS-1 mouse model that exhibits high sensitivity to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Traditional methods of administering bleomycin as an intratracheal (IT) route to induce PF in this model often lead to severe acute lung injury and high mortality rates, complicating studies focusing on pathobiological mechanisms or exploration of therapeutic options for HPSPF.

Memory outcomes of temporal lobe surgery in adults aged over 45 years.

Objective: It is assumed that temporal lobe resection in older people is associated with worse seizure outcomes and potential postsurgical memory decline. We studied postsurgical memory development and surgical efficacy in patients over 45 years of age compared with younger patients.

Methods: We studied 88 patients (51 male and 37 female) after temporal lobe surgery, which involved hippocampal resection.

Differential Recognition of Deacetylated PNAG Oligosaccharides by a Biofilm Degrading Glycosidase.

Exopolysaccharides consisting of partially de--acetylated poly-β-d-(1→6)--acetyl-glucosamine (dPNAG) are key structural components of the biofilm extracellular polymeric substance of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative human pathogens. De--acetylation is required for the proper assembly and function of dPNAG in biofilm development suggesting that different patterns of deacetylation may be preferentially recognized by proteins that interact with dPNAG, such as Dispersin B (DspB). The enzymatic degradation of dPNAG by the native β-hexosaminidase enzyme DspB plays a role in biofilm dispersal.

Perampanel as monotherapy and adjunctive therapy for focal onset seizures, focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures and as adjunctive therapy of generalized onset tonic-clonic seizures.

: Perampanel is an antiepileptic drug approved in the USA and Europe as monotherapy and adjunctive therapy for focal onset seizures and as adjunctive therapy for generalized tonic-clonic seizures. : This an overview of animal data, pharmacokinetics, and clinical data published on Perampanel indexed in PubMed. : Pharmacological studies suggest that perampanel acts via noncompetitive antagonism of the ionotropic AMPA receptor of glutamate.